Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Restructure-of-Han-characters

introduction	variants	parts	restructure
Hanisation	texts	idioms	place names

Hi, polyglots.

When learning Han script, it is easy to find that it is burdened with unoptimised practices, which has been confusing generations of people, and even being an important factor to attempts on abandonment on Han script. There is a strong need for using Han script, and there is also a strong obstruction from Han script in its current form. Just like open-source projects with a public-domain-like license, there can be derivatives from Han script by anyone.

Here are new-created and adopted Han characters, called Restructured Characters (重構字), in contrast to Inherited Characters (傳承字). The goal is to create pictographic and ideographic Han characters to use in substitute. It is similar to word formation, but with 2-dimensional arrangement.

Just like emoji with varied skin colours and flags in Unicode, a new glyph can be displayed by composition, so the new one-to-multiple characters can also be supported in font files.

In the ideal situation, a symmetric matrix can be used, where the row and columns are all parts that are used to compose Han characters, from which those sense-making compositions are selected. Similar to the table of correlatives in Esperanto and other languages. In this way, two-part characters are determined; then three-part characters, and so on.

Principles for the restructure:

• in cases of neither borrowing nor unclear origin:
  • keep the original pictographs and ideographs if the change is unnecessary;
  • keep the original semantic components in phono-semantic compounds if the change is unnecessary;
• in cases of borrowing or unclear origin:
  • change to other forms including new forms;
• keep the composition of character close to the primitive society;

Semantic roles of a compound character's components:

• an action is indicated by
  • an {agent / force} and a {patient / recipient / beneficiary}
  • an {agent / force} and an {instrument / theme} and a {patient / recipient / beneficiary}
  • an {agent / force} and a {direction}
  • an {agent / force} and a {source}
• a property is indicated by
  • a {stimulus}
  • a {stimulus} and an {experiencer}

Preferences:

• prefer 𠂤 over 阝 for `mound`;
• prefer ⿱口卩 over 阝 for `country`;
• prefer 䒑 (derived from 首) over 心, 忄, 㣺 for `mind`;
• prefer 曰 over 口 for onomatopoeia;
• prefer 罒 over 目 for `eye`;
• prefer 罓 over 罒 for `net`;

With pronunciations ignored, the goal is to make it universally possible to remember 5000 characters in 60 days for a common teenager, aided by optimal learning methods including learning in optimised order.

How would people get eager to use Restructured Characters? It is like replacing US customary units with SI units in the USA, which is full of hindrance. Its earliest possible application, together with Hanisation, may be fantasy artworks or experimental training programmes in specialised schools and hospitals.

In progress

一

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
一	a `line`	`one`	㇖	one `horizontal stick`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)
七	unclear	(borrowed) `seven`	⿱⿰㇄丨一	two `vertical sticks` over one `horizontal stick`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)
三	three `lines`	`three`	⿳㇇㇇一	three `horizontal sticks`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)
並 (𠀤)	`two persons side by side` on a `line`	`side by side`	𠀤	`two persons side by side` on a `line`

丨

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
个	`bamboo stalk`	`bamboo stalk` `individual`	个 ⿰亻个	ditto a `person` and a `bamboo stalk`
丰 (𡴀)	a `luxuriant plant` growing on the `ground`	`lush`	𡴀	a `luxuriant plant` growing on the `ground`
串	`two stung objects`	`string`	串	ditto

丶

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

丿

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
丘 (丠 㐀)	`two hills`	`hill`	㐀	ditto
九	an `elbow`	`elbow` (borrowed) `nine`	九 ⿱⿰㇄丨⿳㇇㇇一	ditto two `vertical sticks` over three `horizontal sticks`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)

乙

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

亅

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

二

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
二	two `lines`	`two`	⿱㇇一	two `horizontal sticks`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)
云	a `cloud`	`cloud` `say`	云 ⿱云口	ditto a `cloud` above a `mouth`
五	unclear	(borrowed) `five`	⿱丨⿱㇇一	one `vertical stick` over two `horizontal sticks`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)
井	a `well`	`well`	丼	a `well` containing a `dot`

亠

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
京	a `tall building`	`capital`	京	ditto
六	possibly a `shed`	(borrowed) `six`	⿱丨⿳㇇㇇一	one `vertical stick` over three `horizontal sticks`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)

人

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
人	a `person`	`person`	人	ditto
休	a `person` leaning against a `tree`	verb `rest`	休	ditto
來 (麥)	a `wheat`	(borrowed) `come`	麥	a `wheat` and an `approach from behind`
傘	an `umbrella`	`umbrella`	伞	an `umbrella`

儿

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
兒	an `infant with an imperfect cranium`	`infant`	兒	ditto
兔	a `hare`	`hare`	兔	ditto

入

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
入	an `arrowhead`	`enter`	入	ditto

八

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
八	`two sides`	`divide` (borrowed) `eight`	八 ⿱⿰㇄丨⿱㇇一	ditto two `vertical sticks` over two `horizontal sticks`, bent to distinguish in case aligned with other numerals (ternary counting rods)
其 (𠀠 𢍌)	`a basket on a table`	`basket` (borrowed) definite determiner	𠀠 亓	a `basket` a `line` over a `table`

冂

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

冖

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

冫

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
冰	an `ice` and a `water`	`ice`	仌	two pieces of `ice`

几

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
几 (𠀃)	a `stool`	`stool` `table`	𠀃 丌	a `stool` a `table`

凵

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
凶	a `pit` containing an `unspecified object`	`inauspicious`	凶	ditto
凸	a `convex object`	`convex`	凸	ditto
凹	a `concave object`	`concave`	凹	ditto
函 (圅)	an `upside-down arrow` in a `container`	`include` `box`	圅 ⿰木圅	an `upside-down arrow` in a `container` a `wood` and an `include`

刀

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
刀	a `knife`	`knife`	刀	ditto
刃	a `dot` at the edge a `knife`	`blade`	刃	ditto
分	a `divide` and a `knife`	`divide`	分	ditto
切	the phonetic part and a `knife`	`slice`	⿱刀卌	a `knife` above a `line with four cuts`
刈	the phonetic part and a `knife`	`mow`	⿱艸刀	two blades of `grass` over a `knife`
刺	the phonetic part and a `knife`	`pierce` `thorn` `splinter`	⿰入刂 ⿱艹⿰入刂 ⿱⿰入刂木	an `enter` and a `knife` a `grass` and a `pierce` a `pierce` and a `wood`
前 (歬 𠝣 𣦃)	a `foot` on a `watercraft` and an additional `knife`	`forward` `cut`	⿱止𣍝 ⿰⿱止𣍝刂	a `foot` on a `watercraft` a `forward` and a `knife`
剪	a `forward` and a `knife`	`cut`	⿰⿱止𣍝刂	a `forward` and a `knife`
絕	a `thread` and a `knife` and the phonetic part	`break off`	⿰糸刂	a `thread` and a `knife`
解	a `horn` and a `knife` over a `cattle`	`dissect`	解	ditto

力

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
力	an `arm` or a `plough`	`strength`	力	ditto
功	a `work` and a `strength`	`achievement` `work`	功 工	ditto a `bladed tool to plough` or a `carpenter's square`
助	the phonetic part and a `strength`	`assist`	⿰比力	`a person behind another person` and a `strength`

勹

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
勺	a `ladle` and a `dot` inside	`ladle`	勺	ditto

匕

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
匕	a `meat servering spoon`	`meat servering spoon` `dagger`	匕 ⿰匕刂	a `meat serving spoon` a `meat servering spoon` and a `knife`
北	two `persons` leaning against each other	`back` `north`	北 ⿱𣁬𠄞	ditto a `ladle` and an `above`
匙	the phonetic part and a `meat serving spoon`	`spoon`	⿱水匕	a `water` and a `spoon`

匚

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

匸

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

十

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
升	a `dipper`	`dipper`	升	ditto
卉 (芔)	three blades of `grass`	`all kinds of grass`	芔	ditto
半	a `divide` and a `cattle`	`half`	半	ditto
南	a `hanging bell`	`hanging bell` (borrowed) `south`	南 ⿱十𠄞	ditto a `cross` and an `above`
囊 (𣡦)	a `bag` with a `tied string` containing `miscellaneous stuff`; the phonetic part is added	`bag`	⿱𰀉龱	a `tied string` on a `bag with stuff inside`

卜

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
卜	a `crack of a burned tortoise shell`	`divination`	卜	ditto
占	a `divination` and a `mouth`	`foretell`	占	ditto

卩

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
卵	two `eggs`	`egg`	卵	ditto
孵	two `eggs` and the phonetic part	`hatch`	⿱一⿶凵卵	a `cover` on two `eggs` in a `nest`

厂

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
原 (厡)	a `cliff` and a `spring water`	`origin`	厡	a `cliff` and a `spring water`

厶

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
去 (㚎 厺)	possibly a `person` leaving a `cave`	`depart`	厺	a `person` leaving a `cave`

又

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
叉	two `hands crossed`	`cross`	叉	ditto
反	a `flip` and a `hand`	`reverse`	反	ditto
叛	the phonetic part and a `reverse`	`rebel`	⿱䒑反	a `mind` and a `reverse`

口

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
口	a `mouth`	`mouth`	口	ditto
右	a `hand` and the phonetic part	`right`	𡳾	a `right hand`
吉	a `ritual axe` and a `mouth`	`auspicious`	吉	ditto
吠	a `mouth` and a `dog`	`bark`	吠	ditto
咩	a `mouth` and a `sheep`	`baa`	咩	ditto
喬	a `tall building` with a marker	`tall`	喬	ditto
唇	the phonetic part and a `mouth`	`lip`	⿱𠮛一	two `lips` above and below a `mouth`

囗

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
四	possibly an `exhaling nose`	(borrowed) `four`	⿱丨一	one `vertical stick` over one `horizontal stick` (ternary counting rods)
回	a `spiral`	`spiral` `rotation`	囘 回	a `spiral` ditto
國	an `enclosure` and the phonetic part	country	国	an `enclosure` and a `jade` inside
圓	an `enclosure` and the phonetic part inside	`round`	⿴囗日	a `sun` inside an `enclosure`

土

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
土	`lump of soil`	`earth`	土	ditto
地 (𡓬 墬)	an `earth` and the phonetic part	`ground` `land`	𡗓 (new sense) ⿰土汖	a `person` on a `line` an `earth` and a `mountain` over a `water`
型	the phonetic part and an `earth`	`form`	⿰土皿	an `earth` and a `vessel`

士

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
士	a `war axe`	`war axe` `servant`	士 仕	ditto a `person` and a `war axe`

夂

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

夊

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

夕

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
夕	a `moon crescent`	`dusk`	夕	ditto
多 (𡖈)	two pieces of `meat`	`many`	多	ditto

大

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
天	a `line` above a `person`	`sky`	天	ditto
夭	a `person leaning forward`	`young` `die young`	夭 ⿰𣦵夭	ditto a `bone remains` and a `young`
夾	two `persons` under `armpits`	`pinch`	夾	ditto

女

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
女	a `person with breasts`	`woman`	女	ditto
好	a `woman` and a `child`	`good`	好	ditto

子

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
子	an `infant`	`son`	子	ditto

宀

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
守	a `roof` and a `hand` with a `dot`	`guard`	㝊	a `roof` and a `hand`
安	a `house` and a `woman` beneath	`peace`	安	ditto
定	a `house` and the phonetic part	`stable`	⿱宀⺋	a `house` and a `kneeling person` beneath

寸

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

小

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
小	`three granules of sand`	`small`	小	ditto
少	`four granules of sand`	`few` `young`	⿱小一 ⿰𠚒⿱小一	`four granules of sand` a `teeth` and a `few`

尢

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

尸

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

屮

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

山

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
山	a `mountain`	`mountain`	山	ditto

巛

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
川	a `river`	`river`	川	ditto
州	`three islets in a river`	`islet`	州	ditto

工

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
工	a `bladed tool to plough` or a `carpenter's square`	`work`	工	ditto
左	a `hand` and a `work`	adjective `left` `assist`	䶹 左	a `left hand` ditto

己

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

巾

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
巾	a `hanging piece of cloth`	`kerchief`	巾	ditto
帚	a `broom`	`broom`	帚	ditto
帝	a `calyx`	`calyx` `supreme arbiter`	帝 偙 (new sense)	ditto a `person` and a `calyx`
席 (𠩛)	the additional phonetic part and a `woven mat with ornament`	`woven mat`	⿴囗仌	a `woven mat with ornament`

干

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
干	a `shield with feather on top`	`shield`	干	ditto

幺

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
幺	a `silk thread`	`tiny`	幺	ditto

广

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

廴

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
延	a `walk` and a `foot` and an additional `stroke`	`extend`	延	ditto

廾

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

弋

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

弓

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
弓	a `bow`	`bow`	弓	ditto
引	a `bow` and an `arrow`	`pull`	㧈	a `hand` and a `bow`

彐

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

彡

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

彳

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
從 (从)	a `walk` and the phonetic part	`follow`	从	two `persons`

心

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
心	a `heart`	`heart`	心	ditto
悉	a `distinguish` and a `heart`	`learn` `all`	⿱䒑釆 ⿱冖釆	a `mind` and a `distinguish` a `cover` and a `distinguish`
憂	a `head` above a `heart`; an `approach from behind` is added	`worry`	⿱䒑夂	a `mind` and an `approach from behind`

戈

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
戈	a `dagger-axe`	`dagger-axe`	戈	ditto

戶

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
戶	a `door`	`door`	戶	ditto
扇	a `door` and a `feather`	`leaf of door` `fan`	扇 ⿱𥫗羽	ditto two `bamboos` and a `feather`

手

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
手	a `hand`	`hand`	手	ditto
折 (㪿)	a `tree cut in half` and an `axe`	`break off`	㪿	a `tree cut in half` and an `axe`
拔	a `hand` and the phonetic part	`pull out`	⿱爫艸	a `grabbing hand` over two blades of `grass`
掃	a `hand` and a `broom`	`sweep`	掃	ditto

支

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

攴

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
攻	a `work` and a `hit`	`assail`	攻	ditto
變	the phonetic part and a `tap`	`change`	⿱厶攵	a `self` and a `tap`

文

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
文	a `tattooed chest`	`pattern`	文	ditto

斗

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
斗 (𣁬)	a `ladle`	`ladle`	𣁬	a `ladle`

斤

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
斤	`axe with a horizontal blade`	`axe with a horizontal blade`	斤	ditto

方

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

无

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

日

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
日	a `sun`	`sun`	日	ditto
明	a `sun` and a `moon`	`bright`	明	ditto
杲	a `sun` above a `tree`	`bright`	杲	ditto
杳	a `tree` above a `sun`	`dim`	杳	ditto

曰

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
曰	a `mouth` with a `breath`	`say`	曰	ditto
曲	a `bent object`	`bent` `song`	曲 ⿱耳曲	ditto an `ear` and a `bent`

月

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
月	a `moon`	`moon`	月	ditto
期 (㫷 朞)	the phonetic part and a `moon`	`period` `expect`	⿰回月 ⿱䒑⿰回月	a `rotate` and a `moon` a `mind` and a `period`

木

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
木	a `tree`	`tree` `dull`	木 ⿱䒑木	ditto a `mind` and a `wood`
末	`a line at the tip of a tree`	`end`	末	ditto
本	`a line at the root of a tree`	`root`	本	ditto
朱	a `tree with red core`	`tree with red core` `cinnabar mineral`	朱 硃	ditto a `stone` and a `tree with red core`
杖	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`staff`	⿲木亻丨	a `wood` and a `person` by a `staff`
東	possibly a `sun` in a `tree`	`east`	㫔 (new sense)	a `sun` and an `upward`
林	two `trees`	`grove`	林	ditto
果	a `fruit` on a `plant`	`fruit`	果	ditto
某 (𣏁)	a `plum`	`plum` (borrowed) `a certain`	𣏁 㐅 (new sense)	`plum` two `crossed dots` (derived from 凶)
栗 (𣡼 㮚)	a `chestnut`	`chestnut`	㮚	a `chestnut`
桿	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`pole`	⿰木丨	a `wood` and a `pole`
梅	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`plum`	𣏁	a `plum`
梯	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`ladder`	⿲丿二丨	a `ladder`
棋 (棊)	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`board game`	⿱砳木	two `stones` on a `wood`
棍	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`stick`	⿰木⿱一又	a `wood` and a `stick` on a `hand`
棒	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`club`	⿻二亅	a `thick end` on a `stick`
森	three `trees`	`forest`	森	ditto
槌	a `wood` and the phonetic part	`mallet`	⿰木亇	a `wood` and a `hammer`
鬱	a `standing person` and a `leaning person` hiding between two `trees`; the phonetic part and decorative part are added	`lush` `melancholy`	⿰木休 ⿱䒑⿰木休	a `standing person` between two `trees` a `mind` and a `lush`

欠

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

止

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
步 (𣥗)	a `foot` and a `reversed foot`	`walk`	步	ditto
武	a `dagger-axe` and a `foot`	`martial`	武	ditto

歹

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
歹 (𣦵 歺)	a `bone remains`	`death`	歹	ditto

殳

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
殳	a `hand` holding a `tool`	`hit`	殳	ditto

毋

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

比

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
比	a `person` next to another `person`	`be next to` `compare`	比 ⿱比一	ditto a `be next to` over a `line`

毛

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
毛	a `fur`	`fur`	毛

氏

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

气

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
氣	the phonetic part and a `rice`	`give rice as a gift` `thin cloud`	⿱⿵𦥑米廾 ⿳𠂉一乙	`two hands` containing a `rice` above `two hands` a `thin cloud` with a different last stroke

水

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
水	a `water`	`water`	水	ditto
永	a `source` on a `water`	`eternal`	永	ditto
沉	a `water` and the phonetic part	`sink`	⿰氵⿱一石	a `water` and a `water level` above a `stone`
泉	a `spring water`	`spring water`	泉	ditto
洗	a `water` and the phonetic part	`wash`	⿱水手	a `water` on a `hand`
流	a `water` and the phonetic part	`flow`	𫶧 (new sense)	a `flow`
浣	a `water` and the phonetic part	`wash (clothes)`	⿱水衣	a `water` on a `clothing`
浮	a `water` and the phonetic part	`float`	⿰氵⿱木一	a `water` and a `wood` on a `water level`
涎	a `water` and the phonetic part	`saliva`	⿱口水	a `mouth` over a `water`
淚	a `water` and the phonetic part	noun `tear`	⿱罒水	an `eye` over a `water`
滅	a `water` and the phonetic part	`extinguish`	⿱水火	a `water` over a `fire`

火

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
火	a `fire`	`fire`	火	ditto
災	a `flood` and a `fire`	`disaster`	灾	a `roof` over a `fire`
炎	a `fire` on a `fire`	`flame`	炎	ditto
焚	a `grove` and a `fire`	`burn`	焚	ditto
熊	the phonetic part and a `fire`	onomatopoeia for `flaming` (borrowed) noun `bear`	⿱曰炏 能	a `say` and two `fires` a `bear`
烈 (煭)	the phonetic part and a `fire`	`fiery`	⿱炏灬	two `fires` on a `fire`
熒 (𤇾)	two `intersecting torches` and an additional `fire`	`luminous`	⿱炏乂	two `intersecting torches`
燕	a `swallow`	noun `swallow`	燕	ditto

爪

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
爪	a `grabbing hand`	`claw`	爪	ditto
爭	a `grabbing hand` over a `tool in a hand`	`fight`	爭	ditto

父

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
父	a `hand holding a stone blade`	`father`	父	ditto

爻

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

爿

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
爿	a `bed`	`bed`	爿	ditto

片

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

牙

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
牙	a `tusk`	`tusk`	牙	ditto

牛

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
牛	a `cattle`	`cattle`	牛	ditto
牟	a `cattle` and a `moo`	`moo`	牟	ditto

犬

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
犬	a `dog`	`dog`	犬	ditto

玄

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
玄	a `thread`	`thread` (unclear relation) `black` `profound`	玄 ⿱玄灬 ⿳穴玄灬	ditto a `thread` over a `fire` a `cave` and a `thread` over a `fire`
率	a `rope`	`rope` `lead` `law`	率 䢦 ⿰田率	ditto a `walk` and a `rope` a `field` and a `rope`

玉

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
玉	a `ritual jade totem`	`jade`	玉	ditto

瓜

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
瓜	a `melon` suspended by its `vines`	`melon`	瓜	ditto

瓦

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
瓦	an `earthenware`	a `fired earthenware pottery` or a `jar` `tile`	瓦 ⿱宀瓦	ditto a `roof` and an `earthenware`

甘

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
甘 (𤮺)	an `object` in a `mouth`	`hold in the mouth` `delicious`	𤮺 甘	an `object` in a `mouth` ditto

生

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
生 (𤯓)	a `bud` on a `ground`	`grow`	𤯓	ditto

用

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
用 (𤰃)	a `water bucket`	`water bucket` `use`	用 ⿱爫用	ditto a `grabbing hand` over an `water bucket`

田

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
巢	three `baby birds` on a `nest` on a `tree`	`nest`	巢	ditto
田	a `field`	`field`	田	ditto
畓	a `water` on a `field`	`paddy field`	畓	ditto
異 (𠔱)	a `face` over `two hands` on a `person`	`different`	異	ditto

疋

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

疒

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

癶

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

白

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
白	a `ray` from a `sun`	`white`	白	ditto

皮

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
皮 (𠰎)	a `hand` stripping a `fur` from an `animal pelt`	verb `skin` noun `skin`	皮 ⿱口尺	ditto an `animal` and a `pelt` and with a `stroke` indicating it

皿

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
皿	a `vessel`	`vessel`	皿	ditto
盤	the phonetic part and a `vessel`	`plate`	⿱丌一	a `plate`
𥁕	a `person` in a `warm bath` and a `vessel`	adjective `kind`	𥁕	ditto

目

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
目	an `eye`	`eye`	罒	an `eye`
直	a `horizontal line` on a `vertical line` over an `eye` and a `curve` on the side	`straight`	⿱丨罒	a `vertical line` over an `eye`
盾	a `shield`	`shield`	盾	ditto
眾	a `sun` above three `persons`	`crowd`	众	three `persons`
睫	an `eye` and the phonetic part	`eyelash`	⿱⿲丿丿丿罒	three `hairs` on an `eye`
睜	an `eye` and the phonetic part	`open (eyes)`	⿱罒开	an `eye` and an `open with two hands`

矛

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
矛	a `spear`	`spear`	矛	ditto

矢

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
矢	an `arrow`	`arrow`	矢	ditto

石

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
石	a `stone`	`stone`	石	ditto
砂	a `stone` and `four granules`	`sand`	⿰石小	a `stone` and `three granules`
砸	a `stone` and the phonetic part	`fall of a heavy object`	⿱石下	a `stone` and a `downward`
磬	a `stone chime` and a `hand holding a mallet` and a `stone`	`stone chime`	声	a `stone chime`

示

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
示	a `line` over an `altar`	`altar` `demonstrate`	𥘅 示	`altar` ditto
祝	an `altar` and a `person` with an `open mouth`	verb `pray`	⿰𥘅兄	an `altar` and a `person` with an `open mouth`

禸

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

禾

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
禾	a `rice plant`	`rice plant`	禾	ditto
稈	a `rice plant` and the phonetic part	`stalk`	⿰禾丨	a `rice plant` and a `stalk`

穴

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
穴	a `cave`	`cave`	穴	ditto
突	a `cave` and a `dog`	`dash forward`	突	ditto
窯	a `cave` and the phonetic part	`kiln`	窑	a `cave` and an `earthenware`

立

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
立	a `standing person` on a `ground`	`stand`	立	ditto

竹

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
竹	two `bamboos`	`bamboo`	竹	ditto
竿	two `bamboos` and the phonetic part	`bamboo pole`	⿱𥫗一	two `bamboos` and a `pole`
筏	two `bamboos` and the phonetic part	`raft`	⿱𥫗𣍝	two `bamboos` and a `watercraft`
筷	two `bamboos` and the phonetic part	`chopsticks`	⿱𥫗⿲扌丿丨	two `bamboos` above a `hand` and two `sticks`
箕	a `bamboo` and a `basket`	`basket`	𠀠	a `basket`
箸	two `bamboos` and the phonetic part	`chopsticks`	⿱𥫗⿰扌二	two `bamboos` above a `hand` and two `sticks`

米

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
米	`seven rice kernels without husk`	`rice`	米	ditto

糸

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
糾	a `thread` and `two entangled ropes`	`entangle`	丩	`two entangled ropes`
紀	a `thread` and a `binding string`	`binding string` `essential`	己 ⿰工己	a `binding string` a `work` and a `binding string`
索	a `stripe fibres off a hemp stalk` and a `thread`	`large rope` `search`	索 𢱢	ditto a `hand` and a `large rope`
絲	two `threads`	`thread`	糸	a `thread`
綫	a `thread` and the phonetic part	`string`	⿰糸丨	a `thread` and a `string`
網	a `thread` and the phonetic part	`net`	网	a `net`

缶

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
缶	an `earthenware jar with a lid`	`earthenware`	缶	ditto

网

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
网	a `net`	`net`	网	ditto

羊

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
羊	a `sheep`	`sheep`	羊	ditto
羋	a `sheep` and a `shout`	`baa`	羋	ditto

羽

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
羽	two `feathers`	`feather`	羽	ditto

老

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

而

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

耒

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
耒	a `plough`	`plough`	耒	ditto

耳

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
耳	an `ear`	`ear`	耳	ditto
聲	a `stone chime` and a `beat` and an `ear`	`sound`	殸	a `stone chime` and a `hit`

聿

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
聿	a `brush` in a `hand`	`brush`	聿	ditto

肉

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
肉	a `flesh`	`flesh`	肉	ditto
肱	a `flesh` and an `arm` and an `elbow`	`upper arm`	厷	an `arm` and an `elbow`
能	a `bear`	noun `bear` `capability`	能 仂 (new sense)	ditto a `person` and a `strength`
脊	a `spine` and a `flesh`	`spine`	⿱厶丰	a `fish head` on a `spine`
腋	a `flesh` and the phonetic part	`armpit`	亦	a `persons` and two `dots towards armpits`

臣

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

自

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
自	a `nose`	`nose` `self`	自 𥃭	ditto a `nose` and a `line` on it

至

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
至	an `upside-down arrow` on a `ground`	`arrive`	至	ditto

臼

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
臼	a `mortar`	`mortar`	臼	ditto
舀 (𤔘)	a `hand` over a `mortar`	`scoop`	舀	ditto
舂 (𦦓)	`two hands holding a pestle` on a `mortar`	`pound (on grains)`	舂	a `pestle` in a `mortar`

舌

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
舌	a `tongue`	`tongue`	舌	ditto

舛

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
舛	`two feet towards different directions`	`contrary`	舛	ditto

舟

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
舟 (𣍝)	a `watercraft`	`watercraft`	𣍝	a `watercraft`
艦	a `watercraft` and the phonetic part	`battleship`	⿰𣍝弖	a `watercraft` and a `bow` on a `board`

艮

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

色

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

艸

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
芒	a `grass` and the phonetic part	`silvergrass` `edge of a knife`	⿰丨亖 亡	a `silvergrass inflorescence` a `dot` on an `edge of a knife`
草	a `grass` and the phonetic part	`grass`	艸	two blades of `grass`
菊	a `grass` and the phonetic part	`chrysanthemum`	⿱丱一	`chrysanthemum petals`
蒂	a `grass` and a `calyx`	`calyx`	帝	a `calyx`
蘭	a `grass` and the phonetic part	`orchid`	⿱⺌不	three `petals` on a `calyx`

虍

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
處	the phonetic part and an `approach from behind` and a `table`	`stop` `reside` noun `place`	処 ⿱宀処 ⿰土処	an `approach from behind` and a `table` a `roof` and a `stop` an `earth` and a `stop`
號	a `mouth` and a `speech` and a `tiger`	`howl` `name`	号 ⿰言号	a `mouth` and a `speech` a `speech` and a `mouth` and a `speech`

虫

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
蜇	the phonetic part and an `insect`	`sting`	⿱⿰入刂虫	a `pierce` and an `insect`
蟲	three `insects`	`insect`	虫	an `insect`
蠍	an `insect` and the phonetic part	`scorpion`	㸘	a `scorpion`

血

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

行

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

衣

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
衣	a `clothing`	`clothing`	衣	ditto
表 (𧘝)	a `fur` and a `clothing`	`outer garment`	表	ditto

襾

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
西 (卥)	a `bag`	(borrowed) `west`	𬀧 (new sense)	a `sun` and a `downward`

見

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
見	an `eye` on a `kneeling person`	`see`	⿱罒儿	an `eye` on a `kneeling person`

角

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
角 (𧢲)	a `horn`	`horn`	角	ditto

言

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
言	a `tongue` with a `line` inside	`say`	言	ditto

谷

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
谷 (𠔌)	a `valley` between two `mountain walls`	`valley`	𠔌	a `valley` between two `mountain walls`

豆

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
豐	`plants` in a `pot` and another `pot`	`abundance`	𠁳	`plants` in a `pot`

豕

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
豕	a `pig`	`pig`	豕	ditto
豖	a `pig` and a `dot`	`castrated pig`	豖	ditto
象	an `elephant`	`elephant`	象	ditto

豸

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
豸	an `animal`	`animal`	豸	ditto

貝

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
貝	a `shellfish`	`shellfish`	貝	ditto

赤

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
赤 (𤆍 灻)	a `person` behind a `fire`	`red`	𤆍	ditto

走

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

足

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

身

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
身	a `pregnant woman`	`body`	身	ditto

車

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
車	a `carriage`	`vehicle`	車	ditto
輪	a `vehicle` and the phonetic part	`wheel`	⿰車回	a `rotate` and a `vehicle`

辛

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

辰

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
辰 (𠨷 𨑄)	`tool for tilling fields`	`tool for tilling fields`	辰	ditto
農 (䢉)	`two hands holding a product` over a `tool for tilling fields`	`agriculture`	農	ditto

辵

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
辻	a `walk` and a `cross`	`crossroads`	辻	ditto
逆	a `walk` and an `upside-down person`	`opposite` `go against`	屰 逆	an `upside-down person` an `opposite` and a `walk`

邑

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
邑	a `city wall` and a `kneeling person`	`country`	邑	ditto

酉

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
酉	a `vase for beverage making`	`wine vessel`	酉	ditto

釆

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

里

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
里	a `field` and a `soil`	`neighbourhood`	里	ditto

金

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
金 (𠉓 𠊍)	a `metal`	`metal`	金	ditto
釘	a `metal` and a `nail`	`nail`	釘	ditto
錘	a `metal` and the phonetic part	`hammer`	⿰金亇	a `metal` and a `hammer`

長

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

門

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
門	a `gate`	`gate`	門	ditto
閂	a `latch` on a `gate`	`latch`	閂	ditto
閉	a `bolt` on a `gate`	`shut`	閉	ditto
開	a `gate` and `two hands` under a `latch`	`open`	開	ditto
關 (𨳡 𨶚)	a `bolt` on a `gate`	`shut`	𨳡	`two sticks` on a `gate`

阜

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
阜 (𨸏)	a `mound`	`mound`	阜	ditto

隶

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

隹

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
隹	a `short-tailed bird`	`short-tailed bird`	隹	ditto
離	a `net` on a `hand` and a `bird`	(borrowed) `depart`	⿺辶出	an `exit` and a `walk`

雨

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
雨	a `cloud` and `raindrops`	`rain`	雨	ditto
雲 (云)	a `rain` and a `cloud`	`cloud`	云	a `cloud`
零	a `rain` and the phonetic part	`rainfall` `fragment` `zero`	霝 ⿱丶口 〇	a `cloud` with `small raindrops` and `big raindrops` a `small raindrop` and a `big raindrop` an `emptiness`
電 (电)	a `rain` and a `lightning`	`lightning`	电	a `lightning`

靑

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

非

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

面

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
面 (𡇢 𠚑)	a `face`	`face`	面	ditto

革

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
革 (𠦶)	a stretched `animal hide`	`leather`	革	ditto

韋

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

韭

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
韭	a `leek` on the `ground`	`leek`	韭	ditto

音

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
音	a `word` and `something` in a `mouth`	`voice`	音	ditto

頁

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
煩	a `fire` and a `head`	`annoy`	煩	ditto

風

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
風	a `mythical creature fèng`	(borrowed) `wind` `custom`	⿱穴𫶧 ⿰𫶧⿱口卩	a `cave` and a `flow` a `flow` and a `country`

飛

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

食

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
食 (𠊊)	an `open mouth` over a `bowl of rice`	`eat`	食	ditto
餼	a `food` and the phonetic part and a `rice`	`give rice as a gift`	⿱⿵𦥑米廾	two `hands` with a `rice` inside above two `hands`

首

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

香

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

馬

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
馬	a `horse`	`horse`	馬	ditto

骨

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
骨	a `bone` on a `flesh`	`bone`	骨	ditto

高

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
高 (髙)	a `tall building`	`tall`	高	a `tall building`

髟

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
髭 (頿)	a `long hair` and the phonetic part	`moustache`	⿰𠮛彡	a `line` over a `mouth` and a `hair`
髯 (䫇)	a `long hair` and the phonetic part	`beard below ears`	⿰⿱耳一彡	an `ear` over a `line` and a `hair`
鬚 (須)	a `long hair` and the phonetic part	`beard on the chin`	⿰𬺣彡	a `mouth` over a `line` and a `hair`
鬢 (𩯫)	a `long hair` and the phonetic part	`hair on temples`	⿰⿱一耳彡	a `line` over an `ear` and a `hair`

鬥

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鬥	two `persons fighting each other with bare hands`	`fight`	鬥	ditto

鬯

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鬯	a `vessel full of sacrificial wine`	`sacrificial wine chàng`	鬯	ditto

鬲

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鬲	a `cauldron lì`	`cauldron lì`	鬲	ditto

鬼

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鬼	a `kneeling person with an ugly face`	`ghost`	鬼	ditto

魚

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
魚 (𤋳)	a `fish`	`fish`	魚	ditto

鳥

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鳥	a `bird`	`bird`	鳥	ditto

鹵

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鹵	a `bag of salt`	`salt` `saline soil` `saline water`	鹵 塷 滷	ditto a `soil` and a `salt` a `water` and a `salt`
鹽	the phonetic part and a `salt`	`salt`	⿰鹵小	a `salt` and `three granules`

鹿

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鹿	a `deer`	`deer`	鹿	ditto

麥

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
麥 (來)	a `wheat` and an `approach from behind`	(borrowed) `wheat`	來	a `wheat`

麻

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
麻	two `hemps` under a `roof`	`hemp` `numerous` `numb`	𣏟 ⿱𣎳𣏟 ⿱亼𣏟	two `hemps` three `hemps` an `open mouth` over two `hemps`

黃

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

黍

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
黍	a `cereal` wtih a `water` beneath (which may indicate the water-resistance)	`proso millet`	黍	ditto

黑

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
黑 (𪐗)	a `person with a tattooed face`	`black`	黑	ditto

黹

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
黹	a `decoration on an embroidery`	`embroidery`	黹	ditto

黽

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
黽	a `frog`	`frog`	黾	a `frog`

鼎

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鼎	a `tripode`	`tripode`	鼎	ditto

鼓

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation

鼠

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鼠	`mouse`	`mouse`	鼠	ditto

鼻

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
鼻	a `nose` and the phonetic part	`nose`	自	a `nose`

齊

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
齊 (𠫸 𠫼)	`three grains of equal heights`	adjective `even`	𠫸	`three grains of equal heights`

齒

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
齒 (𠚒)	the phonetic part and four `tooth`	`teeth`	𦥒	`four tooth in a mouth`

龍

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
龍	a `mythical creature lóng`	`mythical creature lóng`	竜	a `mythical creature lóng`

龜

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
龜	a `tortoise`	`tortoise`	⻳	a `tortoise`

龠

inherited form	inherited form explanation	sense	restructured form	restructured form explanation
龠	a `musical instrument yuè`	`musical instrument yuè`	龠	ditto

introduction	variants	parts	restructure
Hanisation	texts	idioms	place names