Language/Southern-uzbek/Grammar/Negation
Hi Southern Uzbek learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about negation in Southern Uzbek. Negation is an important concept in any language, as it allows us to form negative sentences and express negation in various forms. We will explore how Southern Uzbek forms negative sentences and how to use it effectively in your conversations.
Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: Future Tense, Conditional Mood, Pronouns & Questions.
Negative Particle[edit | edit source]
In Southern Uzbek, to make a sentence negative, we use the particle "em" (pronounced /ɛm/), which is added after the verb. This particle does not change according to the tense or aspect of the sentence. The negative particle is considered a separate word and is always included in the sentence.
Example:
| Southern Uzbek | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Men kitob o‘qmaganman | [mɛn ˈkɪtɔb ɔʔqmaˈgan.man] | I haven't read a book. |
| Siz kelmayapsiz | [siz kɛlmaːjapʃiz] | You won't come. |
| Ular xam bo‘sh ishlamaymanlar | [ulɑr xaːm bɔʃ ˈiʃlamajmanlar] | They also won't work properly. |
Negative Pronouns[edit | edit source]
In Southern Uzbek, negative pronouns are formed by adding the negative particle "em" after the pronoun. The negative pronoun is the equivalent of "no one" or "nothing" in English.
Example:
| Southern Uzbek | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Men hech kimni ko‘rmayman | [mɛn hɛt͡ʃ kɪmni koʔrmaːjman] | I don't see anyone. |
| Siz hech narsa ishtamasangiz boladi | [siz hɛt͡ʃ naɾsa iʃtamaːsaŋiz bɔladi] | You won't need anything. |
| U xech narsani bilmaydi | [u xɛt͡ʃ naɾsani bilmajdi] | He doesn't know anything. |
Negative Verbs[edit | edit source]
In Southern Uzbek, some verbs are negative by nature and do not require the negative particle "em". These verbs already have a negative meaning and therefore do not require the negative particle.
Example:
| Southern Uzbek | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Men uyqu yo‘qotam | [mɛn ujqu joʔqɔtam] | I didn't sleep. |
| Sizdamiz bir narsani olmasdan aylanmang | [sizdamiːz bir naɾsaːni ɔlmasdan aɪlaːnmang] | We won't wander around without taking anything. |
| U o‘tganda, biz tushmagan edik | [u oʔtganda, bɪz tuʃmaːgan ɛdik] | When he left, we hadn't slept yet. |
Negative Adverbs[edit | edit source]
In Southern Uzbek, some adverbs are used to form negative sentences when combined with the negative particle "em". These adverbs create a negative meaning when combined with the verb.
Example:
| Southern Uzbek | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Men har doim nima emasdegan | [mɛn har doim nima ɛmasdɛɡan] | I am never dissatisfied. |
| Siz bizaqqa hech qachon kirmadingizmi? | [siz bizɑqːʰɑ hɛt͡ʃ qat͡ʃɔn kirmadiŋizmi] | Haven't you ever come to our party? |
| U doimo ishonmagan | [u doimo iʃonmagan] | He never believed. |
Dialogue[edit | edit source]
- Rano: Nima qilayapsiz? / What are you doing?
- Kamola: Men bir narsani topolmayapman. Qayerga borayotganingiz? / I can't find anything. Where are you going?
- Rano: Men do‘konga boraman. Siz borganningiz yo‘qmi? / I am going to the store. Don't you want to come?
- Kamola: Yo‘q, men bugun hech qayerga kirmayapman. / No, I won't go anywhere today.
Practice[edit | edit source]
Put the following words in the correct order to form a negative sentence in Southern Uzbek:
1. Ish / biz / kuni / kelmaymiz. / We / don't come / work-day. 2. Siz / uch / yil / narxi / oshhogan / emas. / You / three / year / price / doesn't rise. 3. Men / kitob / o‘qimaganman. / I / book / haven't read.
Answers: 1. Biz kuni ishga kelmaymiz. / We don't work on workdays. 2. Uch yil narxi oshhogan emas. / The price hasn't risen in three years. 3. Men kitob o‘qmaganman. / I haven't read a book.
To improve your Southern Uzbek Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!