Language/Norwegian/Culture/Svalbard-and-Jan-Mayen-Timeline

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Main Historical Dates - Svalbard and Jan Mayen

Svalbard and Jan Mayen are two separate territories of Norway located in the Arctic Ocean. Here are the top 30 historical dates in the territories' history:

Date Event
1596 Willem Barentsz, a Dutch navigator, discovers Svalbard
1609 The first whaling expedition to Svalbard takes place
1612 Dutch explorer Jan Jacobszoon May van Schellinkhout discovers Jan Mayen
1630 The first permanent whaling station is established on Svalbard
1720 The Russian Pomors establish a settlement on Jan Mayen
1787 The first scientific expedition to Svalbard takes place, led by William Scoresby
1822 The last Pomor settlement on Jan Mayen is abandoned
1827 The first Norwegian hunting expedition to Svalbard takes place
1850 The Svalbard Treaty is signed, granting Norway sovereignty over Svalbard while guaranteeing certain rights to other signatory countries
1906 The first coal mine on Svalbard is established
1914 Norway declares Svalbard a free economic zone
1920 The Svalbard Treaty is amended, granting Norway sovereignty over Jan Mayen
1925 The first airport in Svalbard is opened in Longyearbyen
1941 During World War II, German forces occupy Svalbard and destroy the coal mines before withdrawing in 1945
1946 The United States establishes a meteorological station on Jan Mayen
1952 The first commercial airline flight to Svalbard takes place
1958 The Svalbard Act is passed, establishing a local government for Svalbard
1971 The first oil drilling operation in Svalbard takes place
1977 A Soviet helicopter carrying nuclear weapons crashes on the ice near the town of Barentsburg in Svalbard
1995 The Svalbard Environmental Protection Act is passed, establishing regulations for environmental protection in Svalbard
2000 The first university in Svalbard, the University Centre in Svalbard, is established
2005 The Global Seed Vault, a secure seed bank, is established on Svalbard
2008 The Svalbard Global Seed Vault officially opens
2016 A new airport terminal is opened in Longyearbyen
2017 The Svalbard Treaty is amended to allow for a limited number of Chinese and Indian citizens to work in Svalbard's tourism industry
2020 Svalbard and Jan Mayen are included in Norway's COVID-19 vaccination program
2021 Record-high temperatures are recorded in Svalbard, with Longyearbyen reaching 21.7°C (71.1°F) in July

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