Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Traditional-Stationeries"

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In this lesson, we will see various traditional writing implements.
In this lesson, we will see various traditional writing implements.
The term “categories” indicates “writing implements and materials”, “objects” indicates “writing implements and materials”. Individual physical instances of writing implements and materials are not the objects to cover.


in progress
in progress
Line 12: Line 14:
!place of origin
!place of origin
!time of origin
!time of origin
!material
!image and video
!image and video
|-
|
* ''dub'' 𒁾 [akk]
* لوح طيني [arb]
|c. 8000 BC
|Mesopotamia
|clay
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Cuneiform_tablet_-_Pharaoh_exhibit_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2827943116952%29.jpg/330px-Cuneiform_tablet_-_Pharaoh_exhibit_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2827943116952%29.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Clay_tablets
|-
|
* مرقم [arb]
|Mesopotamia
|c. 8000 BC
|reed or bone or metal
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Stylussen_early_middle_ages_and_Roman_period.jpg/500px-Stylussen_early_middle_ages_and_Roman_period.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stylus
|-
|-
|
|
Line 18: Line 38:
|Egypt
|Egypt
|3<sup>rd</sup> millennium BC
|3<sup>rd</sup> millennium BC
|pith of the papyrus
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Part_of_the_Book_of_Breathing%2C_Hieratic_papyrus%2C_probably_from_Thebes%2C_Egypt._Ptolemaic_period%2C_323-30_BCE._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg/500px-Part_of_the_Book_of_Breathing%2C_Hieratic_papyrus%2C_probably_from_Thebes%2C_Egypt._Ptolemaic_period%2C_323-30_BCE._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Part_of_the_Book_of_Breathing%2C_Hieratic_papyrus%2C_probably_from_Thebes%2C_Egypt._Ptolemaic_period%2C_323-30_BCE._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg/500px-Part_of_the_Book_of_Breathing%2C_Hieratic_papyrus%2C_probably_from_Thebes%2C_Egypt._Ptolemaic_period%2C_323-30_BCE._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Papyri
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Papyri
|-
|
* κηρωμένες πινακίδες [ell]
|Eastern Meditteranea
|14<sup>th</sup> century BC
|wood, wax
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Wachstafel.jpg/500px-Wachstafel.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wax_tablets
|-
|
* ''mò'' 墨 墨 [cmn]
|China
|12<sup>th</sup> century BC
|soot, animal glue
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Inkstick.jpg/330px-Inkstick.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ink_sticks
|-
|-
|
|
Line 25: Line 62:
|China
|China
|late Shang period (c. 1250 BC – c. 1050 BC)
|late Shang period (c. 1250 BC – c. 1050 BC)
|bone
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Shang_dynasty_inscribed_scapula.jpg/250px-Shang_dynasty_inscribed_scapula.jpg
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Shang_dynasty_inscribed_scapula.jpg/250px-Shang_dynasty_inscribed_scapula.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oracle_bones
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oracle_bones
|-
|
* ''bǒshū'' 帛書 帛书 [cmn]
|China
|Spring and Autumn period (c. 770 BC – c. 481 BC)
|silk
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Sutra_of_the_great_virtue_of_wisdom.jpg/500px-Sutra_of_the_great_virtue_of_wisdom.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Silk_manuscripts
|-
|-
|
|
Line 32: Line 78:
|Indian subcontinent
|Indian subcontinent
|5<sup>th</sup> century BC
|5<sup>th</sup> century BC
|palm leaf
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%8F_3172.jpg/330px-%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%8F_3172.jpg
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%8F_3172.jpg/330px-%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%8F_3172.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Palm-leaf_manuscripts
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Palm-leaf_manuscripts
Line 39: Line 86:
|China
|China
|5<sup>th</sup> century BC
|5<sup>th</sup> century BC
|bamboo
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Han_Copy_of_Sun_Bing_Military_Tactics.jpg/500px-Han_Copy_of_Sun_Bing_Military_Tactics.jpg
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Han_Copy_of_Sun_Bing_Military_Tactics.jpg/500px-Han_Copy_of_Sun_Bing_Military_Tactics.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bamboo_slips
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bamboo_slips
|-
|-
|
|
*  
* ''yarāʕ'' يراع [arb]
|Egypt
|4<sup>th</sup> century BC
|reed
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Kalam2.jpg/500px-Kalam2.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Reed_pens
|-
|
* ''máobǐ'' 毛筆 毛笔 [cmn]
|China
|c. 300 BC
|bamboo, hair
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/HK_%E4%BD%90%E6%95%A6%E9%81%93_Jordan_Road_%E5%BD%8C%E6%95%A6%E9%81%93_Nathan_Road_%E8%A3%95%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%8B%E8%B2%A8_Yue_Hwa_Chinese_Products_Emporium_%E6%96%87%E6%88%BF%E5%9B%9B%E5%AF%B6_goods_April_2022_Px3_04.jpg/330px-HK_%E4%BD%90%E6%95%A6%E9%81%93_Jordan_Road_%E5%BD%8C%E6%95%A6%E9%81%93_Nathan_Road_%E8%A3%95%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%8B%E8%B2%A8_Yue_Hwa_Chinese_Products_Emporium_%E6%96%87%E6%88%BF%E5%9B%9B%E5%AF%B6_goods_April_2022_Px3_04.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ink_brushes
|-
|
* dip pen [eng]
|Britain
|Roman Britain period (43 – 410)
|metal
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/GlassNibDipPens.jpg/500px-GlassNibDipPens.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dip_pens
|-
|
* amate [spa]
* āmatl [nci]
|Mesoamerica
|75
|mulberry pulp
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Huex_codex_1a_loc.jpg/500px-Huex_codex_1a_loc.jpg
|-
|
* ''zhǐ'' 紙 纸 [cmn]
|China
|105
|pulp
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Old_Pages_-_Flickr_-_%27Playingwithbrushes%27.png/250px-Old_Pages_-_Flickr_-_%27Playingwithbrushes%27.png
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Paper
|-
|
* membrana [lat]
* ''raqq'' رق [arb]
|Eastern Mediterranea
|before 400
|skin
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pergamino_11_sello_Leonor_de_Arag%C3%B3n_1376.jpg/500px-Pergamino_11_sello_Leonor_de_Arag%C3%B3n_1376.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Parchments
|-
|
* calamus [lat]
|Western Mediterranea
|6<sup>th</sup> century
|flight feather
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Large_feathers_for_making_quill_pens_2.jpg/500px-Large_feathers_for_making_quill_pens_2.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Quills
|-
|
* ''sleṭ'' स्लेट [hin]
|Indian subcontinent
|11<sup>th</sup> century
|slate
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/MEK_II-411.jpg/500px-MEK_II-411.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Slates_(blackboards)
|-
|
* ''khaṛiyā'' खड़िया [hin]
|Indian subcontinent
|11<sup>th</sup> century
|chalk
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Chalk_%2825800474082%29.jpg/500px-Chalk_%2825800474082%29.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chalk_sticks
|-
|
* wiigwaasabak ᐐᒀᓴᐸᒃ  [oji]
|Great Lakes of North America
|16<sup>th</sup> century
|birch bark
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Sacred_birch_bark_records._Wellcome_M0005525.jpg/330px-Sacred_birch_bark_records._Wellcome_M0005525.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wiigwaasabakoon
|-
|
* eraser [eng]
|Britain
|1770
|rubber
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Cuctay.JPG/500px-Cuctay.JPG
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Erasers
|-
|
* India paper [eng]
|Britain
|1875
|hemp, rag
|
|-
|
* Bleistift [deu]
* crayon [fra]
|Western Europe
|18<sup>th</sup> century
|graphite, wood
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Pencil_%286956509317%29.jpg/500px-Pencil_%286956509317%29.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pencils
|-
|
* taille-crayon [fra]
|France
|1822
|metal, plastics or metal
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Bleistiftspitzer_%28fcm%29.jpg/330px-Bleistiftspitzer_%28fcm%29.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pencil_sharpeners
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
== Objects ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!writing implement
!place of origin
!time of origin
!material
!image and video
|-
|
* ''Hú bǐ'' 湖筆 湖笔 [cmn]
|Huzhou
|Qin period (221 BC – 206 BC)
|
|
|-
|
* ''nepālī kāgaj'' नेपाली कागज [nep]
|Nepal
|1<sup>st</sup> century
|Daphne bark
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/A_letter_from_Tibet_Governor_to_a_Nepali_official.png/500px-A_letter_from_Tibet_Governor_to_a_Nepali_official.png
|-
|
* giấy dó [vie]
|Northern Vietnam
|3<sup>rd</sup> century or 13<sup>th</sup> century
|Rhamnoneuron bark, limewater
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Annam_Indochina_Revenue_Indochine_1904%2C_12_cents_on_Document_on_D%C3%B3_Paper_gi%E1%BA%A5y_D%C3%B3_02.jpg/250px-Annam_Indochina_Revenue_Indochine_1904%2C_12_cents_on_Document_on_D%C3%B3_Paper_gi%E1%BA%A5y_D%C3%B3_02.jpg
|-
|
* Xuān zhǐ 宣紙 宣纸 [cmn]
|Jingxian
|Tang period (618 – 907)
|bark of Pteroceltis tatarinowii
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/XingshuLantingxv.jpg/250px-XingshuLantingxv.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Xuan_paper
|-
|
* Xuān bǐ 宣筆 宣笔 [cmn]
|Xuancheng
|Jin period (256 – 420)
|rabbit hair
|
|-
|
* papel de Manila [spa]
|Manila
|19<sup>th</sup> century
|Manila hemp, pulpwood
|https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Manila_papier.jpg/500px-Manila_papier.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Manila_paper
|-
|
|
* ''qalam'' قلم [arb]
|Arabia
|
|
|reed
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
*  
*  
|
|
|
|
|

Latest revision as of 02:20, 30 April 2026

20px-75_percent.svg.png Architectures 20px-75_percent.svg.png Calendars and Clocks 20px-75_percent.svg.png Calligraphies and Typefaces 20px-25_percent.svg.png Concepts and Values 20px-00_percent.svg.png Cookwares and Tablewares 20px-50_percents.svg.png Clothings
20px-25_percent.svg.png Currencies 20px-00_percent.svg.png Dances 20px-75_percent.svg.png Foods 20px-00_percent.svg.png Furnitures 20px-00_percent.svg.png Games 20px-00_percent.svg.png Hairstyles
20px-00_percent.svg.png Jewellries 20px-50_percents.svg.png Literatures 20px-00_percent.svg.png Martial Arts 20px-00_percent.svg.png Miscellaneous Handicrafts 20px-25_percent.svg.png Musics 20px-50_percents.svg.png Musical Instruments
20px-00_percent.svg.png Occupations 20px-00_percent.svg.png Organisations 20px-25_percent.svg.png Paintings and Sculptures 20px-25_percent.svg.png Regalia Items * 20px-50_percents.svg.png Religions and Folklores * 20px-25_percent.svg.png Social Practices
20px-50_percents.svg.png Stationeries 20px-25_percent.svg.png Symbolisms 20px-50_percents.svg.png Symbols and Motifs 20px-00_percent.svg.png Textiles and Embroideries 20px-50_percents.svg.png Theatres 20px-25_percent.svg.png Units of Measurement
20px-50_percents.svg.png Vehicles 20px-50_percents.svg.png Weapons and Armours 20px-25_percent.svg.png Writings *

* contains entries that can also belong to other articles

960px-United_Nations_geographical_subregions.png

Hi, everyone.

In this lesson, we will see various traditional writing implements.

The term “categories” indicates “writing implements and materials”, “objects” indicates “writing implements and materials”. Individual physical instances of writing implements and materials are not the objects to cover.

in progress

Categories[edit | edit source]

writing implement place of origin time of origin material image and video
  • dub 𒁾 [akk]
  • لوح طيني [arb]
 c. 8000 BC Mesopotamia clay 330px-Cuneiform_tablet_-_Pharaoh_exhibit_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art_%2827943116952%29.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Clay_tablets

  • مرقم [arb]
 Mesopotamia c. 8000 BC reed or bone or metal 500px-Stylussen_early_middle_ages_and_Roman_period.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stylus

  • bardiyya بردية [arb]
 Egypt 3rd millennium BC pith of the papyrus 500px-Part_of_the_Book_of_Breathing%2C_Hieratic_papyrus%2C_probably_from_Thebes%2C_Egypt._Ptolemaic_period%2C_323-30_BCE._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Papyri

  • κηρωμένες πινακίδες [ell]
 Eastern Meditteranea 14th century BC wood, wax 500px-Wachstafel.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wax_tablets

  • mò 墨 墨 [cmn]
 China 12th century BC soot, animal glue 330px-Inkstick.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ink_sticks

  • jiǎgǔ 甲骨 [cmn]
 China late Shang period (c. 1250 BC – c. 1050 BC) bone 250px-Shang_dynasty_inscribed_scapula.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oracle_bones

  • bǒshū 帛書 帛书 [cmn]
 China Spring and Autumn period (c. 770 BC – c. 481 BC) silk 500px-Sutra_of_the_great_virtue_of_wisdom.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Silk_manuscripts

  • तालपत्र [hin]
 Indian subcontinent 5th century BC palm leaf 330px-%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%8F_3172.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Palm-leaf_manuscripts

  • jiǎndú 簡牘 简牍 [cmn]
 China 5th century BC bamboo 500px-Han_Copy_of_Sun_Bing_Military_Tactics.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bamboo_slips

  • yarāʕ يراع [arb]
 Egypt 4th century BC reed 500px-Kalam2.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Reed_pens

  • máobǐ 毛筆 毛笔 [cmn]
 China c. 300 BC bamboo, hair 330px-HK_%E4%BD%90%E6%95%A6%E9%81%93_Jordan_Road_%E5%BD%8C%E6%95%A6%E9%81%93_Nathan_Road_%E8%A3%95%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%8B%E8%B2%A8_Yue_Hwa_Chinese_Products_Emporium_%E6%96%87%E6%88%BF%E5%9B%9B%E5%AF%B6_goods_April_2022_Px3_04.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ink_brushes

  • dip pen [eng]
 Britain Roman Britain period (43 – 410) metal 500px-GlassNibDipPens.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dip_pens

  • amate [spa]
  • āmatl [nci]
 Mesoamerica 75 mulberry pulp 500px-Huex_codex_1a_loc.jpg
  • zhǐ 紙 纸 [cmn]
 China 105 pulp 250px-Old_Pages_-_Flickr_-_%27Playingwithbrushes%27.png

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Paper

  • membrana [lat]
  • raqq رق [arb]
 Eastern Mediterranea before 400 skin 500px-Pergamino_11_sello_Leonor_de_Arag%C3%B3n_1376.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Parchments

  • calamus [lat]
 Western Mediterranea 6th century flight feather 500px-Large_feathers_for_making_quill_pens_2.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Quills

  • sleṭ स्लेट [hin]
 Indian subcontinent 11th century slate 500px-MEK_II-411.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Slates_(blackboards)

  • khaṛiyā खड़िया [hin]
 Indian subcontinent 11th century chalk 500px-Chalk_%2825800474082%29.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chalk_sticks

  • wiigwaasabak ᐐᒀᓴᐸᒃ [oji]
 Great Lakes of North America 16th century birch bark 330px-Sacred_birch_bark_records._Wellcome_M0005525.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wiigwaasabakoon

  • eraser [eng]
 Britain 1770 rubber 500px-Cuctay.JPG

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Erasers

  • India paper [eng]
 Britain 1875 hemp, rag
  • Bleistift [deu]
  • crayon [fra]
 Western Europe 18th century graphite, wood 500px-Pencil_%286956509317%29.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pencils

  • taille-crayon [fra]
 France 1822 metal, plastics or metal 330px-Bleistiftspitzer_%28fcm%29.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pencil_sharpeners

Objects[edit | edit source]

writing implement place of origin time of origin material image and video
  • Hú bǐ 湖筆 湖笔 [cmn]
 Huzhou Qin period (221 BC – 206 BC)
  • nepālī kāgaj नेपाली कागज [nep]
 Nepal 1st century Daphne bark 500px-A_letter_from_Tibet_Governor_to_a_Nepali_official.png
  • giấy dó [vie]
 Northern Vietnam 3rd century or 13th century Rhamnoneuron bark, limewater 250px-Annam_Indochina_Revenue_Indochine_1904%2C_12_cents_on_Document_on_D%C3%B3_Paper_gi%E1%BA%A5y_D%C3%B3_02.jpg
  • Xuān zhǐ 宣紙 宣纸 [cmn]
 Jingxian Tang period (618 – 907) bark of Pteroceltis tatarinowii 250px-XingshuLantingxv.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Xuan_paper

  • Xuān bǐ 宣筆 宣笔 [cmn]
 Xuancheng Jin period (256 – 420) rabbit hair
  • papel de Manila [spa]
 Manila 19th century Manila hemp, pulpwood 500px-Manila_papier.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Manila_paper

  • qalam قلم [arb]
 Arabia reed
20px-75_percent.svg.png Architectures 20px-75_percent.svg.png Calendars and Clocks 20px-75_percent.svg.png Calligraphies and Typefaces 20px-25_percent.svg.png Concepts and Values 20px-00_percent.svg.png Cookwares and Tablewares 20px-50_percents.svg.png Clothings
20px-25_percent.svg.png Currencies 20px-00_percent.svg.png Dances 20px-75_percent.svg.png Foods 20px-00_percent.svg.png Furnitures 20px-00_percent.svg.png Games 20px-00_percent.svg.png Hairstyles
20px-00_percent.svg.png Jewellries 20px-50_percents.svg.png Literatures 20px-00_percent.svg.png Martial Arts 20px-00_percent.svg.png Miscellaneous Handicrafts 20px-25_percent.svg.png Musics 20px-50_percents.svg.png Musical Instruments
20px-00_percent.svg.png Occupations 20px-00_percent.svg.png Organisations 20px-25_percent.svg.png Paintings and Sculptures 20px-25_percent.svg.png Regalia Items * 20px-50_percents.svg.png Religions and Folklores * 20px-25_percent.svg.png Social Practices
20px-50_percents.svg.png Stationeries 20px-25_percent.svg.png Symbolisms 20px-50_percents.svg.png Symbols and Motifs 20px-00_percent.svg.png Textiles and Embroideries 20px-50_percents.svg.png Theatres 20px-25_percent.svg.png Units of Measurement
20px-50_percents.svg.png Vehicles 20px-50_percents.svg.png Weapons and Armours 20px-25_percent.svg.png Writings *

* contains entries that can also belong to other articles

960px-United_Nations_geographical_subregions.png

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