Language/Sundanese/Grammar/Pronouns
Hi Sundanese learners! 😊
In this lesson, you will learn about pronouns in Sundanese grammar. Pronouns are essential in any language as they have the ability to replace nouns, making sentences more concise and easier to understand. Let's get started!
With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: Say Hello and Greetings in Sundanese, How to Use Be & Questions.
Subject Pronouns[edit | edit source]
Subject pronouns are used to replace the subject of a sentence. In Sundanese, subject pronouns have two forms: the familiar form used for informal situations, and the polite form used for formal situations. Below are the subject pronouns in Sundanese:
| Sundanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Abdi (informal) / Kami (formal) | /abdɪ/ (informal) /kamɪ/ (formal) | I / we |
| Anjeun (informal) / Manehna (formal) | /andʒɛn/ (informal) /manehna/ (formal) | You (singular) |
| Aing (informal) / Kuring (formal) | /aɪŋ/ (informal) /kurɪŋ/ (formal) | He / she / it / they |
Here's an example conversation in Sundanese using subject pronouns:
- Nu ti tas mah Aing bari (This bag belongs to me)
- Aji nu Anjeun ganti tas Aing (Thank you, you're replacing my bag)
Translation:
- Person 1: This bag belongs to me.
- Person 2: Thank you, you're replacing my bag.
Object Pronouns[edit | edit source]
Object pronouns are used to replace the object of a sentence. In Sundanese, object pronouns also have two forms: the familiar form used for informal situations, and the polite form used for formal situations. Below are the object pronouns in Sundanese:
| Sundanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Abdi (informal) / Kami (formal) | /abdɪ/ (informal) /kamɪ/ (formal) | Me / us |
| Anjeun (informal) / Manehna (formal) | /andʒɛn/ (informal) /manehna/ (formal) | You |
| Aing (informal) / Kuring (formal) | /aɪŋ/ (informal) /kurɪŋ/ (formal) | Him / her / it / them |
Here's an example conversation in Sundanese using object pronouns:
- Abdi kulu sarebu sok aya manehna (I heard him laughing earlier)
- Anjeun ningali eta ka Abdi, anu eta sarebu manehna (You saw it, that was him laughing)
Translation:
- Person 1: I heard him laughing earlier.
- Person 2: You saw it, that was him laughing.
Possessive Pronouns[edit | edit source]
Possessive pronouns are used to show ownership or possession of something. Below are the possessive pronouns in Sundanese:
| Sundanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| nu (informal) / eta (formal) | /nu/ (informal) /eta/ (formal) | My / mine |
| punten (informal) / punten abdi (formal) | /puntɛn/ (informal) /puntɛn abdɪ/ (formal) | Your / yours (singular) |
| eta | /eta/ | His / hers / its / theirs |
Here's an example conversation in Sundanese using possessive pronouns:
- Nu teh telepon anjeun teu mibanda (My phone is not ringing)
- Eta teu aya di handap teu? (Is it not under there?)
Translation:
- Person 1: My phone is not ringing.
- Person 2: Is it not under there?
Demonstrative Pronouns[edit | edit source]
Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out a specific noun, usually in relation to its distance from the speaker or the listener. Below are the demonstrative pronouns in Sundanese:
| Sundanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| eta | /eta/ | This / these |
| eta mah | /eta ma/ | That / those |
Here's an example conversation in Sundanese using demonstrative pronouns:
- Eta buku ieu rada garing (This book is a bit dry)
- Eta mah nuju disangka (That one is more interesting)
Translation:
- Person 1: This book is a bit dry.
- Person 2: That one is more interesting.
Now that you've learned about different types of pronouns in Sundanese, why not practice with a native speaker? Find native speakers in Polyglot Club and ask them any questions you may have about Sundanese grammar!
Sources[edit | edit source]
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