Language/Bashkir/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

Once you've tackled this lesson, take some time to dive into these complementary subjects: How to Use "Have", Food.

Vowels

Bashkort has nine native vowel phonemes, i.e., sounds that differentiate word meaning. Two additional vowel phonemes occur only in loanwords. There is a contrast between unrounded and rounded front and back vowels. Rounded vowels are produced with rounded protruding lips. All mid vowels in the language are reduced. All word-initial vowels are preceded by a glottal stop /ʔ/, i.e., a glottal catch that occurs in English in such words as uh-oh. There is no standardized system for transliterating Bashkir using the Latin alphabet.

	Front		Back
	Unrounded	Rounded	Unrounded	Rounded
Close	i	y	ɯ	u
Close-mid	e	ø		o
Open	æ		a

• /i/ = ee in beet
• /e/ = e in bait
• /y/ = second vowel in statue
• /ø/ has no equivalent in English
• /æ/ = a in bat
• /ɯ/ has no equivalent in English
• /u/ = oo in boot
• /o/ = o in bow 

Consonants

Bashkort has 28 consonant phonemes, i.e., sounds that differentiate word meaning. Some of them occur exclusively in Russian loanwords.

		Bilabial	Labiodental	Interdental	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Stops	voiceless	p			t				k	q	ʔ
	voiced	b			d				g
Fricatives	voiceless		f	θ		s	ʃ		x		h
	voiced		v	ð		z	ʒ		ɣ
Affricates	voiceless				(ts)		tʃ
	voiced
Nasals		m			n				ŋ
Tap						ɾ
Lateral						l
Approximant		w			z	z		j	z		z

• /q/ has no equivalent in English
• /ʔ/ = glottal catch between syllables in uh-oh
• /x, ɣ/ have no equivalents in English
• /θ/ = th in thin
• /ð/ = th in those
• /ʃ/ = sh in shop
• /ʒ/ = s in measure
• /tʃ/ = ch in chop
• /ŋ/ = ng in song
• /j/ = y in yet
• /j̃/ has no equivalent in English 

Stress

Stress in Bashkort words is normally placed on the final syllable of the word. The placement of the original stress in loanwords is usually preserved.

Sounds table

Cyrillic

Letter	Name	IPA
А а	а	[ɑ], [a]
Б б	бэ	[b]
В в	вэ	[w], [v]
Г г	гэ	[ɡ]
Ғ ғ	ғы	[ʁ]
Д д	дэ	[d]
Ҙ ҙ	ҙ	[ð]
Е е	йе	[e], [je], [jɪ̞], [ɪ̞]
Ё ё	йо	[jo]
Ж ж	жэ	[ʒ]
З з	зэ	[z]
И и	и	[i]
Й й	ҡыҫҡа и	[j]
К к	ка	[k]
Ҡ ҡ	ҡы	[q]
Л л	эль	[l]
М м	эм	[m]
Н н	эн	[n]
Ң ң	эң	[ŋ]
О о	о	[o]
Ө ө	ө	[ø]
П п	пэ	[p]
Р р	эр	[r]
С с	эс	[s]
Ҫ ҫ	ҫэ	[θ]
Т т	тэ	[t]
У у	у	[u], [w]
Ү ү	ү	[y]
Ф ф	эф	[f]
Х х	ха	[χ]
Һ һ	һа	[h]
Ц ц	цэ	[t͡s]
Ч ч	чэ	[tɕ]
Ш ш	ша	[ʂ]
Щ щ	ща	[ɕ]
Ъ ъ	ҡатылыҡ билдәһе
Ы ы	ы	[ɯ], [ɨ]
Ь ь	йомшаҡлыҡ билдәһе	[ʲ]
Э э	э	[ɪ̞], [e]
Ә ә	ә	[æ]
Ю ю	йу	[ju]
Я я	йа	[jɑ], [ja]

Bashkir Keyboard

Sources

https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/bashkir/