Language/Assamese/Grammar/Adjectives

Assamese Grammar - Adjectives

Hi Assamese learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will discuss Adjectives in the Assamese language. Adjectives are essential elements of speech that modify or describe nouns or pronouns. Adjectives help us to understand the qualities of the person, place, or thing we are talking about. They are also used to compare two or more things. For example, "The red flower is more beautiful than the white flower."

Don't hesitate to look into these other pages after completing this lesson: Negation, Future Tense, Questions & Adverbs.

Types of Adjectives

In the Assamese language, adjectives are broadly categorized into four different types:

1. বর্ণ (bôrnô): Color Adjectives 2. গুণ (gun): Descriptive Adjectives 3. পরিমাপ (porimáp): Quantitative Adjectives 4. সম্পর্ক (shômpôrkô): Relative Adjectives

Let's discuss each type of adjective in more detail:

বর্ণ (bôrnô): Color Adjectives

As the name suggests, color adjectives describe the color of the object. In Assamese, color adjectives usually come before the noun. Here are some examples:

Assamese	Pronunciation	English
লাল (lal)	lɑːl	Red
হিৰোৱন (hirobon)	hi.ɹɔʋ.ɔn	Yellow
সৰু (suru)	sʊ.ɹʊ	Pink

Dialogue:

• Person 1: সেই লালী ফুলটো নেজতে উপযুক্ত। (Sei lali phul-to nejote upayukto.) (That red flower is suitable for decoration.)
• Person 2: হয়ত সেই সৰু ফুলটো বেছি পৰিচিত লাগে। (Hoyot sei suru phul-to beśi porichit lage.) (Maybe I am more familiar with that pink flower.)

গুণ (gun): Descriptive Adjectives

Descriptive adjectives describe the qualities of an object. In Assamese, these adjectives usually come after the noun. Here are some examples:

Assamese	Pronunciation	English
প্ৰেমবাণী (prembani)	pɹɛm.bɑɳi	Loving
সোহাগ (sohag)	so.hag	Beautiful/Married
শকুনী (shakuni)	ʃɔ.kʊ.ni	Witty

Dialogue:

• Person 1: সেই প্ৰেমবাণী মহিলাটো যথেষ্ট উজ্জ্বল। (Sei prembani mohila-to jathesto ujjol.) (That loving woman is quite bright.)
• Person 2: তেওঁ মনোৰমী আছে। (Teu monoromi aché.) (She is also beautiful.)

পরিমাপ (porimáp): Quantitative Adjectives

Quantitative adjectives describe the number or quantity of the object. They are usually placed before the noun. Here are some examples:

Assamese	Pronunciation	English
বহু (bohu)	bɔ.hʊ	Many
কম (kom)	kɔm	Few/Less
গৰাকী (goraki)	go.ɾa.ki	Whole

Dialogue:

• Person 1: তেওঁদেৱৰ ঘৰত বহু নাচে। (Teu-deuor ghorot bohu natse.) (There are many people dancing in their house.)
• Person 2: শ্যামল সকলেই এক একেকে গৰাকী জানে। (Shyamol sakolei ek ekeke goraki jane.) (Everyone knows each other well.)

সম্পর্ক (shômpôrkô): Relative Adjectives

Relative adjectives describe the relationship between two or more objects. In Assamese, they usually come after the noun. Here are some examples:

Assamese	Pronunciation	English
মানুহ (manuh)	mɑ.nuh	Human
উচিত (uchit)	uchit	Appropriate
ভিন্ন (bhinno)	bʱinno	Different/Unique

Dialogue:

• Person 1: মানুহ বিশেষত নিদাই কৰে কিংবা প্ৰশ্ন কৰে। (Manuh biseshot nutai kore kingba prôshn kore.) (Humans especially ask for food or ask questions.)
• Person 2: মত কথা ভিন্ন হয়। (Mot kotha bhinno hoi.) (Opinions differ.)

Comparison of Adjectives

In the Assamese language, comparative and superlative forms of adjectives are created by adding specific suffixes to the adjective.

Comparative Form

To create the comparative form of the adjective, the suffix "-তৰ" (-tor) is added to the adjective stem. For example:

• মই তেওঁত বহুত কথা বলোয়। (Moi teu-t bohut kotha boloj.) (I speak more than him.)

Superlative Form

To create the superlative form of the adjective, the suffix "-তম" (–tam) is added to the adjective stem. For example:

• তেওঁলোক-ত প্ৰশ্ন কৰাটো বাবে আগতেই আহিছে। (Teulok-t prôshn koratô babé agatei ahiché.) (He has come early to ask the most questions.)

Conclusion

In Assamese, adjectives are an important part of speech. Color, descriptive, quantitative, and relative adjectives are the four main types of adjectives that we use in Assamese. To become more proficient in using adjectives, you should practice constructing sentences with adjectives and use native speakers to verify your usage. You can check out the Grammar section on Polyglot Club to learn more about Adjectives in the Assamese Language.

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➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

With this lesson finished, you may want to explore these additional pages: Conditional Mood, Assamese Resources (2023), Prepositions & Pronouns.

Other Lessons

• Pronouns
• Prepositions
• Questions
• Negation
• How to Use Have
• How to Use Be
• Future Tense
• Plurals
• Conditional Mood

Sources

• Assamese Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com