Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Thermodynamics"
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| perpetual motion machine || laws of thermodynamics | | perpetual motion machine || laws of thermodynamics | ||
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| phase transition || physical change | |||
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| pressure–volume diagram || thermodynamic diagram; pressure; volume | | pressure–volume diagram || thermodynamic diagram; pressure; volume | ||
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| process function, path function || thermodynamic process | |||
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| quasi-static process, quasi-equilibrium process || thermodynamic process; thermodynamic equilibrium | | quasi-static process, quasi-equilibrium process || thermodynamic process; thermodynamic equilibrium | ||
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| real gas || ideal gas law | |||
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| | | reversible process || thermodynamic process | ||
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| reversed Carnot cycle || Carnot cycle | |||
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| temperature || | | scale of temperature || temperature | ||
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| | | second law of thermodynamics || entrophy; thermodynamic system; spontaneous process; thermodynamic equilibrium; thermodynamic free energy | ||
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| | | state function, function of state, point function || state variable <control theory> | ||
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| | | Stirling engine || reciprocating engine | ||
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| | | temperature || | ||
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| | | temperature–entropy diagram || thermodynamic diagram; thermodynamic temperature; entropy | ||
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| | | thermal conduction || heat transfer | ||
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| | | thermal convection, convective heat transfer || heat transfer | ||
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| | | thermal efficiency || thermal energy | ||
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| | | thermal energy || enthalpy; heat | ||
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| | | thermal radiation || electromagnetic radiation; kinetic theory of gases; matter | ||
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| | | thermodynamic cycle || thermodynamic process | ||
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| | | thermodynamic diagram || thermodynamic state | ||
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| | | thermodynamic free energy || work; thermodynamic system | ||
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| | | thermodynamic potential energy, thermodynamic potential || scalar | ||
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| | | thermodynamic process || thermodynamic system | ||
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| thermodynamic | | thermodynamic state || thermodynamic system; time | ||
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| thermodynamic | | thermodynamic square, thermodynamic wheel, Guggenheim scheme, Born square || conjugate variables | ||
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| thermodynamic | | thermodynamic system || | ||
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| thermodynamic | | thermodynamic temperature || temperature | ||
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| | | third law of thermodynamics || entropy; absolute zero | ||
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| | | vapor-compression refrigeration || intensive property; phase transition | ||
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| | | volume || intensive property | ||
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| thermodynamic system | | zeroth law of thermodynamics || thermodynamic system; thermal equilibrium | ||
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{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|+ state transition | |||
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | |||
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | |||
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | |||
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | |||
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | |||
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | |||
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | |||
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лкаc | |||
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| | | state transition || | ||
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Revision as of 05:27, 14 March 2022
Hello polyglots, 😀
On this page you will find a part of the Sci–Tech Index, a project for science and technology learners.
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| theormodynamics | 热力学 | rè lìxué | Thermodynamik [f] | thermodynamique [f] | 熱力学 | ね↑つりき↓がく | термодина́мика | ||||||||
| classical thermodynamics | 经典热力学 | jīngdiǎn rèlìxué | klassische Thermodynamik | thermodynamique [f] classique | 古典熱力学 | こ↑てんねつりき↓がく | класси́ческая термодина́мика | ||||||||
| statistical mechanics | 统计力学 | tǒngjì lìxué | statistische Mechanik | physique [f] statistique | 統計力学 | と↑うけいりき↓がく | статисти́ческая меха́ника, статисти́ческая термодина́мика | ||||||||
| chemical thermodynamics | 化学热力学 | huàxué rèlìxué | chemische Thermodynamik | thermodynamique [f] chimique | 化学熱力学 | か↑がくねつりき↓がく | хими́ческая термодина́мика | ||||||||
| quantum thermodynamics | 量子热力学 | liàngzǐ rèlìxué | Quantenthermodynamik [f] | thermodynamique [f] quantique | 量子熱力学 | りょ↓うしね↑つりき↓がく | ква́нтовой термодина́мики | ||||||||
| non-equilibrium thermodynamics | 非平衡态热力学 | fēi pínghéngtài rèlìxué | Nichtgleichgewichtsthermodynamik [f] | thermodynamique [f] hors équilibre | 非平衡熱力学 | ひ↑へいこうねつりき↓がく | неравнове́сная термодина́мика | ||||||||
Main
Classical Thermodynamics
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лкаc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| absolute zero | temperature; particle | ||||||||||||||
| absorption refrigerator | refrigeration | ||||||||||||||
| adiabatic process | thermodynamic process | ||||||||||||||
| Antoine equation | temperature; vapor pressure | ||||||||||||||
| Bridgman's thermodynamic equations | internal energy; enthalpy; Helmholtz free energy; Gibbs free energy; heat capacity; thermal expansion; compressibility | ||||||||||||||
| Carnot heat engine | Carnot cycle; heat engine | ||||||||||||||
| Carnot cycle | thermodynamic cycle | ||||||||||||||
| Carnot's theorem, Carnot's rule | heat engine | ||||||||||||||
| Clausius theorem | thermal reservoir; thermodynamic cycle | ||||||||||||||
| closed system | physical system; thermodynamic system | ||||||||||||||
| coefficient of performance | heat pump cycle; thermodynamic work; energy | ||||||||||||||
| conjugate variables | |||||||||||||||
| enthalpy | internal energy; pressure; volume | ||||||||||||||
| entropy | work <mechanics>; energy | ||||||||||||||
| equation of state | thermodynamic equation; state variable | ||||||||||||||
| first law of thermodynamics | law of conservation of energy; thermodynamic process; isolated system; energy; work | ||||||||||||||
| free expansion, Joule expansion | irreversible process; volume | ||||||||||||||
| fundamental thermodynamic relation | internal energy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy; pressure; volume | ||||||||||||||
| gas constant | energy; temperature; mole <unit of measurement> | ||||||||||||||
| heat pump | mechanical energy; mechanical work | ||||||||||||||
| heat | energy | ||||||||||||||
| heat capacity ratio, adiabatic index, ratio of specific heats, Laplace's coefficient | |||||||||||||||
| heat engine | mechanical energy; mechanical work | ||||||||||||||
| ideal gas | point particle | ||||||||||||||
| ideal gas law, general gas equation | equation of state; ideal gas | ||||||||||||||
| internal energy | thermodynamic system; energy; entropy; volume; particle number | ||||||||||||||
| irreversible process | thermodynamic process | ||||||||||||||
| isentropic process | adiabatic process; reversible process | ||||||||||||||
| isenthalpic process | thermodynamic process; enthalpy | ||||||||||||||
| isobaric process | thermodynamic process; closed system | ||||||||||||||
| isochoric process, constant-volume process, isovolumetric process, isometric process | thermodynamic process; closed system | ||||||||||||||
| isolated system | physical system; thermodynamic system | ||||||||||||||
| isothermal process | thermodynamic process; closed system | ||||||||||||||
| Kelvin scale | thermodynamic temperature; scale of temperature | ||||||||||||||
| law of conservation of energy | energy; isolated system | ||||||||||||||
| Mayer's relation | specific heat; pressure; volume; gas constant | ||||||||||||||
| particle number, number of particles | thermodynamic system; particle | ||||||||||||||
| perpetual motion machine | laws of thermodynamics | ||||||||||||||
| phase transition | physical change | ||||||||||||||
| polytropic index | polytropic process | ||||||||||||||
| polytropic process | thermodynamic process | ||||||||||||||
| pressure–volume diagram | thermodynamic diagram; pressure; volume | ||||||||||||||
| process function, path function | thermodynamic process | ||||||||||||||
| quasi-static process, quasi-equilibrium process | thermodynamic process; thermodynamic equilibrium | ||||||||||||||
| real gas | ideal gas law | ||||||||||||||
| refrigerant | refrigeration | ||||||||||||||
| refrigeration | cooling | ||||||||||||||
| reversible process | thermodynamic process | ||||||||||||||
| reversed Carnot cycle | Carnot cycle | ||||||||||||||
| scale of temperature | temperature | ||||||||||||||
| second law of thermodynamics | entrophy; thermodynamic system; spontaneous process; thermodynamic equilibrium; thermodynamic free energy | ||||||||||||||
| state function, function of state, point function | state variable <control theory> | ||||||||||||||
| Stirling engine | reciprocating engine | ||||||||||||||
| temperature | |||||||||||||||
| temperature–entropy diagram | thermodynamic diagram; thermodynamic temperature; entropy | ||||||||||||||
| thermal conduction | heat transfer | ||||||||||||||
| thermal convection, convective heat transfer | heat transfer | ||||||||||||||
| thermal efficiency | thermal energy | ||||||||||||||
| thermal energy | enthalpy; heat | ||||||||||||||
| thermal radiation | electromagnetic radiation; kinetic theory of gases; matter | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic cycle | thermodynamic process | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic diagram | thermodynamic state | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic free energy | work; thermodynamic system | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic potential energy, thermodynamic potential | scalar | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic process | thermodynamic system | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic state | thermodynamic system; time | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic square, thermodynamic wheel, Guggenheim scheme, Born square | conjugate variables | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic system | |||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic temperature | temperature | ||||||||||||||
| third law of thermodynamics | entropy; absolute zero | ||||||||||||||
| vapor-compression refrigeration | intensive property; phase transition | ||||||||||||||
| volume | intensive property | ||||||||||||||
| zeroth law of thermodynamics | thermodynamic system; thermal equilibrium | ||||||||||||||
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лкаc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state transition | |||||||||||||||
Statistical Mechanics
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boltzmann transport equation, Boltzmann equation | thermodynamic system; thermodynamic equilibrium | ||||||||||||||
| Gibbs free energy, Gibbs energy | thermodynamic potential | ||||||||||||||
| grand canonical ensemble, macrocanonical ensemble | statistical ensemble | ||||||||||||||
| grand potential, Landau free energy, Landau energy | internal energy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy; chemical potential; particle number; pressure; volume | ||||||||||||||
| Helmholtz free energy, Helmholtz energy | isothermal process | ||||||||||||||
| H-theorem | entropy; ideal gas | ||||||||||||||
| kinetic theory of gases | gas; particle number | ||||||||||||||
| Landau free energy, Landau potential | |||||||||||||||
| Maxwell relations | symmetry of second derivatives <mathematical analysis>; thermodynamic potential | ||||||||||||||
| mean-field theory, self-consistent field theory | |||||||||||||||
| specific enthalpy | enthalpy; mass | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic limit, macroscopic limit | particle number; volume | ||||||||||||||
| thermodynamic potential | thermodynamic state; scalar | ||||||||||||||
| Vlasov equation | differential equation; distribution function; plasma; charged particle | ||||||||||||||
Chemical Thermodynamics
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chemical potential | chemical species; energy; phase transition | ||||||||||||||
Quantum Thermodynamics
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Equilibrium Thermodynamics
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Appendix
Sentence
| eng-Latn-US: concept | eng-Latn-US: prerequisite | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜ↑んてい | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция | rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symbol
Classical Thermodynamics
| symbol | eng-Latn-US: concept | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | heat capacity | |||||||
| Cp | isobaric heat capacity | |||||||
| CV | isochoric heat capacity | |||||||
| d, Δ | change | |||||||
| H | enthalpy | |||||||
| I | thermal intensity | |||||||
| L | specific latent heat | |||||||
| M | molar mass | |||||||
| m | mass | |||||||
| N | particle number | |||||||
| NA | Avogadro constant | |||||||
| n | mole number | |||||||
| P, p | pressure | |||||||
| p | volumetric mass density; thermal conduction rate | |||||||
| Q | heat | |||||||
| QL | latent heat | |||||||
| q | vapor quality | |||||||
| q | heat flux density | |||||||
| R | gas constant | |||||||
| S | entropy | |||||||
| T | thermodynamic temperature | |||||||
| U | internal energy | |||||||
| V | volume | |||||||
| W | work | |||||||
| α | coefficient of thermal expansion | |||||||
| β | compressibility | |||||||
| ρ | density | |||||||
| γ, κ | heat capacity ratio | |||||||
| δ | infinitesimal change | |||||||
| Φ | Massieu potential | |||||||
| Ξ | Planck potential | |||||||
| ν | specific volume | |||||||
Statistical Mechanics
| symbol | eng-Latn-US: concept | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A, F | Helmholtz free energy | |||||||
| cp | specific heat capacity | |||||||
| G | Gibbs free energy | |||||||
| kB | Boltzmann constant | |||||||
| ΦG, Ω | grand potential | |||||||
Chemical Thermodynamics
| symbol | eng-Latn-US: concept | cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn | deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] | fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: が↓いねん | rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qr | reaction quotient | |||||||
| a | thermodynamic activity | |||||||
| μ | chemical potential | |||||||
Process
Classical Thermodynamics
| eng-Latn-US: process | eng-Latn-US: constituent | cmn-Hans-CN: 过程 | cmn-Hans-CN: 构件 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: guòchéng | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gòujiàn | deu-Latn-DE: Prozess [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Bestandteil [m] | fra-Latn-FR: procès [m] | fra-Latn-FR: composant [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 過程 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 構材 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: か↑てい | jpn-Hrkt-JP: こ↓うざい | rus-Cyrl-RU: проце́сс | rus-Cyrl-RU: соста́вная часть |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| calculation of heat capacity | heat capacity; amount of heat; temperature | ||||||||||||||
| calculation of ideal gas law | pressure; volume; temperature; amount of substance; ideal gas constant | ||||||||||||||
Statistical Mechanics
| eng-Latn-US: process | eng-Latn-US: constituent | cmn-Hans-CN: 过程 | cmn-Hans-CN: 构件 | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: guòchéng | cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gòujiàn | deu-Latn-DE: Prozess [m] | deu-Latn-DE: Bestandteil [m] | fra-Latn-FR: procès [m] | fra-Latn-FR: composant [m] | jpn-Jpan-JP: 過程 | jpn-Jpan-JP: 構材 | jpn-Hrkt-JP: か↑てい | jpn-Hrkt-JP: こ↓うざい | rus-Cyrl-RU: проце́сс | rus-Cyrl-RU: соста́вная часть |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| calculation of Gibbs free energy | Gibbs free energy; enthalpy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy | ||||||||||||||
| calculation of Helmholtz free energy | Helmholtz free energy; internal energy; thermodynamic temperature; entropy | ||||||||||||||
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