Language/Irish/Grammar/Imperative-Mood - Revision history

Maintenance script: Quick edit

2023-03-26T21:17:30Z

Quick edit

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:17, 26 March 2023
Line 2:		Line 2:
	[[File:irish-language-polyglotclub.jpg\|thumb]]		[[File:irish-language-polyglotclub.jpg\|thumb]]
	Haileo! Irish Learners! 😃		Haileo! Irish Learners! 😃


	➡ In today's lesson you will learn how to use the the imperative mood in Irish Gaelic.		➡ In today's lesson you will learn how to use the the imperative mood in Irish Gaelic.


	Happy learning!		Happy learning!
Line 20:		Line 18:
	*Irregular verbs (coming soon)		*Irregular verbs (coming soon)

			<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson:</span> [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Irish-Prepositional-Pronouns\|Irish Prepositional Pronouns]], [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Irish-Modal-Verbs-(need,-want,-must,-can)\|Irish Modal Verbs (need, want, must, can)]], [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Future-Tense\|Future Tense]] & [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Personal-pronouns\|Personal pronouns]].
	==Background==		==Background==
	===Imperative===		===Imperative===
Line 320:		Line 319:
	# Book: Buntús Gramadaí		# Book: Buntús Gramadaí

	==~~Related~~ Lessons==		==Other Lessons==
	* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Plurals\|Plurals]]		* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Plurals\|Plurals]]
	* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood\|Conditional Mood]]		* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood\|Conditional Mood]]
Line 330:		Line 329:
	* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Pronouns\|Pronouns]]		* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Pronouns\|Pronouns]]
	* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Personal-pronouns\|Personal pronouns]]		* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Personal-pronouns\|Personal pronouns]]
			<span links></span>

Maintenance script: Quick edit

2023-02-26T14:33:26Z

Quick edit

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 26 February 2023
Line 319:		Line 319:
	# Wiktionary		# Wiktionary
	# Book: Buntús Gramadaí		# Book: Buntús Gramadaí

			==Related Lessons==
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Plurals\|Plurals]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood\|Conditional Mood]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Future-Tense\|Future Tense]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Negation\|Negation]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Irish-Prepositional-Pronouns\|Irish Prepositional Pronouns]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Irish-Modal-Verbs-(need,-want,-must,-can)\|Irish Modal Verbs (need, want, must, can)]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Adjectives\|Adjectives]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Pronouns\|Pronouns]]
			* [[Language/Irish/Grammar/Personal-pronouns\|Personal pronouns]]

Fear mor: /* Sources */

2022-06-01T17:49:32Z

Sources

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:49, 1 June 2022
Line 317:		Line 317:
	# Book: Basic Irish: A grammar and workbook		# Book: Basic Irish: A grammar and workbook
	# Google		# Google
			# Wiktionary
			# Book: Buntús Gramadaí

Fear mor: /* Conclusion */I corrected the Irish grammar here

2022-06-01T17:48:45Z

Conclusion: I corrected the Irish grammar here

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:48, 1 June 2022
Line 307:		Line 307:
	Have you read this far? Good, because I have some ''orders for all'' of you reading this:		Have you read this far? Good, because I have some ''orders for all'' of you reading this:

	~~Anois~~, suigí síos, osclaígí bhur ~~cóipleabhair~~ agus scríobhaigí nótaí.		'nois, suigí síos, osclaígí bhur gcóipleabhair agus scríobhaigí amach na nótaí a thug mé daoibh!.

	I like giving orders. Don't you? Now you can do it in Irish.		I like giving orders. Don't you? Now you can do it in Irish.

	~~Ansin~~ nígí bhur lámha, ithigí bhur lón agus rithigí ~~amhaile~~!		Mar sin, nígí bhur lámha, ithigí bhur lón agus rithigí abhaile!

	==Sources==		==Sources==

Fear mor: /* General case */

2022-06-01T17:46:54Z

General case

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:46, 1 June 2022
Line 224:		Line 224:
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	! ~~Singular~~		! 1 SG.
	! ~~Plural~~		! 2 SG.
			! 3 SG.
			! 1 PL.
			! 2 PL.
			! 3 PL.
			! Aut.
	! English		! English
	\|-		\|-
	\| éirigh		\| éirím
			\| éirigh
			\| éiríodh sé/sí/siad
			\| éirímis
	\| éirígí		\| éirígí
			\| éiríodh siad
			\| éirítear
	\| rise		\| rise
	\|-		\|-
			\| imím
	\| imigh		\| imigh
			\| imíodh sé/sí
			\| imímis
	\| imígí		\| imígí
			\| imíodh siad
			\| imítear
	\| go, depart		\| go, depart
	\|-		\|-
			\| socraím
	\| socraigh		\| socraigh
			\| socraíodh sé/sí
			\| socraímis
	\| socraígí		\| socraígí
			\| socraíodh siad
			\| socraítear
	\| settle, arrange		\| settle, arrange
	\|-		\|-
			\| ceannaím
	\| ceannaigh		\| ceannaigh
			\| ceannaíodh sé/sí
			\| ceannaímis
	\| ceannaígí		\| ceannaígí
			\| ceannaíodh siad
			\| ceannaítear
	\| buy		\| buy
	\|}		\|}
Line 248:		Line 273:
	'''Remember''' the singular form, as presented above, is the "dictionary form".		'''Remember''' the singular form, as presented above, is the "dictionary form".

	'''Note''' both long í's in -ígí, contrasting with the first conjugation which ends in (a)igí. This long í make a difference in pronounciation and it makes up for the loss of the igh or other ending.		'''Note''' both long í's in -ígí, contrasting with the first conjugation which ends in (a)igí. This long í make a difference in pronounciation and it makes up for the loss of the igh or other ending.

	====The l,r,n rule====		====The l,r,n rule====

Fear mor: /* Broadening of two-syllable verbs */

2022-06-01T17:41:07Z

Broadening of two-syllable verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:41, 1 June 2022
Line 186:		Line 186:
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	! ~~Singular~~		! 2 SG.
	! ~~Plural~~		! 3 SG/PL.
			! 2 PL.
	! English		! English
	\|-		\|-
	\| sábháil		\| sábháil
			\| sábháladh sé/sí/siad
	\| sábhálaigí		\| sábhálaigí
	\| save		\| save
	\|-		\|-
	\| péinteáil		\| péinteáil
			\| péinteáladh sé/sí/siad
	\| péinteálaigí		\| péinteálaigí
	\| paint		\| paint
	\|-		\|-
	\| taispeáin		\| taispeáin
			\| taispeánadh sé/sí/siad
	\| taispeánaigí		\| taispeánaigí
	\| show		\| show
	\|-		\|-
	\| siúil		\| siúil
			\| siúladh sé/sí/siad
	\| siúlaigí		\| siúlaigí
	\| walk		\| walk
	\|}		\|}
	'''Table 3. ''Examples of first conjugation two-syllable verbs in imperative'''''		'''Table 3. ''Examples of first conjugation two-syllable verbs in imperative'''''

	'''Exception''' a few exceptions retain the slender consonant when endings are added; the		'''Exception''' a few exceptions retain the slender consonant when endings are added; the
	most common such verb is tiomáin/tiomáinigí ‘drive’.		most common such verb is tiomáin/tiomáineadh sé/tiomáinigí ‘drive’.

	===Second Conjugation===		===Second Conjugation===

Fear mor: /* Verbs with final sound as vowel */Elaborating on the original information

2022-06-01T17:37:16Z

Verbs with final sound as vowel: Elaborating on the original information

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:37, 1 June 2022
Line 148:		Line 148:
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	! ~~Singular~~		! 2 SG.
	! ~~Plural~~		! 3 SG/PL.
			! 2 PL.
	! English		! English
	\|-		\|-
	\| brúigh		\| brúigh
			\| brúdh sé/sí/siad
	\| brúigí		\| brúigí
	\| press, push		\| press, push
	\|-		\|-
	\| dóigh		\| dóigh
			\| dódh sé/sí/siad
	\| dóigí		\| dóigí
	\| burn		\| burn
	\|-		\|-
	\| léigh		\| léigh
			\| léadh sé/sí/siad
	\| léigí		\| léigí
	\| read		\| read
	\|-		\|-
	\| nigh		\| nigh
			\| níodh sé/sí/siad
	\| nígí		\| nígí
	\| wash		\| wash
	\|}		\|}
	'''Table 2. ''Examples of first conjugation verbs in imperative with final sound as vowel'''''		'''Table 2. ''Examples of first conjugation verbs in imperative with final sound as vowel'''''

	'''Note''' this applies to verbs that have a final SOUND as a vowel, but there may be (silent) consonants at the end.		'''Note''' this applies to verbs that have a final SOUND as a vowel, but there may be (silent) consonants at the end.

			'''Note''' for the 3rd person forms these verbs will have a broad ending affixed to them, ie. brúdh sé not brúidh sé. For verbs ending on -igh or -í they get -íodh, ie. níodh sé

			'''Note''' endings are the same as the original expanded table unless stated otherwise.

	====Broadening of two-syllable verbs====		====Broadening of two-syllable verbs====

Fear mor at 17:26, 1 June 2022

2022-06-01T17:26:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:26, 1 June 2022
Line 130:		Line 130:
	'''Table 1. ''Examples of first conjugation verbs in imperative.'''''		'''Table 1. ''Examples of first conjugation verbs in imperative.'''''

	'''SG.''' - Singular		'''SG.''' - Singular,
	'''PL.''' - Plural		'''PL.''' - Plural,
	'''Aut.''' - Autonomous		'''Aut.''' - Autonomous

Fear mor: /* Verb Table */Added more forms to the table and more notes

2022-06-01T17:25:49Z

Verb Table: Added more forms to the table and more notes

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:25, 1 June 2022
Line 52:		Line 52:
	* The exceptions are a few verbs with two syllables, including English loans, with the suffix -áil.		* The exceptions are a few verbs with two syllables, including English loans, with the suffix -áil.

	====~~General case~~====		====Verb Table====
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	! ~~Singular~~		! 1 SG.
	! ~~Plural~~		! 2 SG.
			! 3 SG.
			! 1 PL.
			! 2 PL.
			! 3 PL.
			! Aut.
	! English		! English
	\|-		\|-
			\| ligim
	\| lig		\| lig
			\| ligeadh sé/sí
			\| ligimis
	\| ligigí		\| ligigí
			\| ligeadh siad
			\| ligtear
	\| let, allow		\| let, allow
	\|-		\|-
			\| rithim
	\| rith		\| rith
			\| ritheadh sé/sí
			\| rithimis
	\| rithigí		\| rithigí
			\| ritheadh siad
			\| ritear
	\| run		\| run
	\|-		\|-
			\| feicim
	\| feic		\| feic
			\| feiceadh sé/sí
			\| feicimis
	\| feicigí		\| feicigí
			\| feiceadh siad
			\| feictear
	\| see		\| see
	\|-		\|-
			\| seasaim
	\| seas		\| seas
			\| seasadh sé/sí
			\| seasaimis
	\| seasaigí		\| seasaigí
			\| seasadh siad
			\| seastar
	\| stand		\| stand
	\|-		\|-
			\| glanaim
	\| glan		\| glan
			\| glanadh sé/sí
			\| glanaimis
	\| glanaigí		\| glanaigí
			\| glanadh siad
			\| glantar
	\| clean		\| clean
	\|-		\|-
			\| dúnaim
	\| dún		\| dún
			\| dúnadh sé/sí
			\| dúnaimis
	\| dúnaigí		\| dúnaigí
			\| dúnadh siad
			\| dúntar
	\| close		\| close
	\|-		\|-
			\| scríobhaim
	\| scríobh		\| scríobh
			\| scríobhadh sé/sí
			\| scríobhaimis
	\| scríobhaigí		\| scríobhaigí
			\| scríobhadh siad
			\| scríobhtar
	\| write		\| write
	\|-		\|-
Line 90:		Line 130:
	'''Table 1. ''Examples of first conjugation verbs in imperative.'''''		'''Table 1. ''Examples of first conjugation verbs in imperative.'''''

	'''Remember''' the singular form, as presented above, is the "dictionary form".		'''SG.''' - Singular
			'''PL.''' - Plural
			'''Aut.''' - Autonomous

			'''Remember''' the 2nd person singular form (2 SG.), as presented above, is the usual "dictionary form".

	'''Note''' the broad/slender rule in effect above		'''Note''' the broad/slender rule in effect above

			'''Note''' autonomous forms roughly mean "somebody do something" or "be it done"

			'''Note''' that the -adh endings when before a noun (eg. Seachadadh fear acu é - Let one of them deliver it) are said as if they were written -ach /-əx/. However, when before a '''pronoun''' or '''demonstrative''' beginning with s (eg. Dúnadh sé an doras - Let him close the door) they're said as if written -ait /-ətʲ/

	====Verbs with final sound as vowel====		====Verbs with final sound as vowel====

Fear mor: /* Broad and Slender agreement rule */Further elaborated on the rule

2022-06-01T17:06:28Z

Broad and Slender agreement rule: Further elaborated on the rule

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:06, 1 June 2022
Line 39:		Line 39:
	*Broad vowels: a, o, u		*Broad vowels: a, o, u
	*Slender vowels: i, e		*Slender vowels: i, e
	* Description: the immediate vowel on either side of a consonant or consonant cluster must be in agreement of vowel type.		* Description: the immediate vowel on either side of a consonant or consonant cluster must be in agreement of vowel type. This is to mark consonant quality (saoi and sí have different s sounds despite sharing the same oral vowel)
	* Example:		* Example:
	** Seas = stand! (to one person)		** Seas = stand! (to one person)
Line 45:		Line 45:
	** <s>Seasigí</s> is not possible, because the middle 's' has a broad to the left, a slender to the right.		** <s>Seasigí</s> is not possible, because the middle 's' has a broad to the left, a slender to the right.
	*Exception: ''a''ns''e''o (it is a composite word. Meaning: here)		*Exception: ''a''ns''e''o (it is a composite word. Meaning: here)

	==Conjugations==		==Conjugations==
	===First conjugation===		===First conjugation===