Polyglot Club WIKI - User contributions [en]

Language/Classical-quechua/Vocabulary/Common-phrases

2019-06-23T17:26:50Z

Krletto: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" !Quechua !Spanish !English |- |''RIMA NAKUYKUNA'' |''FRASES USUALES'' |''COMMON PHRASES'' |- |Maymantan kanki? |¿De dónde eres? |Whe..."

{| class="wikitable"
!Quechua
!Spanish
!English
|-
|''RIMA NAKUYKUNA''
|''FRASES USUALES''
|''COMMON PHRASES''
|-
|Maymantan kanki?
|¿De dónde eres?
|Where do you come from?
|-
|Piwanmi tiyanki?
|¿Con quién vives?
|With whom you live?
|-
|Taytamamaywan
|Con mis padres
|With my parents
|-
|Iman sutiyki?
|¿Cómo le llaman?
|What is your name?
|-
|Sutiyqa Laulikun
|Mi nombre es Laulico
|My name is Laulico
|-
|Haykuy tiyaykuy
|Pasa toma asiento
|Pass takes a seat
|-
|Taytayta reqsichisqayki
|Te presento a mi padre
|I introduce to my father
|-
|Kusa
|Bueno
|Ok
|-
|Lauliku kamachinaykipaq
|Laulico a sus órdenes
|Laulico at your command
|-
|Kanchu wayqeyki?
|¿Tienes hermano?
|Do You have a brother?
|-
|Kanchu panayki?
|¿Tienes hermana?
|Do You have a sister
|-
|Ari, kanmi wayqey Panay
|Si, tengo hermano y hermana
|Yes, i have brother and sister
|-
|Hayk'an watayki?
|¿Cuántos años tienes?
|How old are you?
|-
|Tawa chunkan
|Cuarenta
|Forty
|-
|Panaykiri hayk'a watayuqtaq?
|¿Tú hermana cuantos años tiene?
|How old is your sister?
|-
|Chunka pisqayuqñan
|Ya tiene quince años
|He is already fifteen years old
|-
|Yuyayniykipi rimay
|Habla con sentido.
|Speak with meaning
|-
|Yanqallamanta
|De buenas a primeras.
|
|-
|Huq ch'illmiyllapi
|En un abrir y cerrar de ojos.
|In a blink of an eye.
|-
|Mana allinta qhawaspa
|A ciegas, sin indagar bien.
|Blindly, without investigating well.
|-
|Qhawaq ñausa
|Sin discernimiento.
|Without discernment.
|-
|Wañu wañu
|Estar desfalleciente, estar sin ánimo.
|To be faint, to be without spirit
|-
|Yanqapas qasi
|Sin causa alguna.
|Without any cause.
|-
|Pakallapi
|A escondidas.
|Secretly.
|-
|Sut'inta rimay
|Di la verdad.
|Tell the truth.
|-
|Uyanpi niy
|Decir algo de frente.
|Say something in front
|}

Language/Spanish/Grammar/Por-vs-Para/es

2019-03-03T14:52:07Z

Krletto: Mal escrito

== Cómo diferenciar ''por'' y ''para'' ==
En la lección de hoy, vamos a estudiar algo que puede resultar difícil para muchos estudiantes de [https://polyglotclub.com/language/spanish español.][[File:Por_vs._Para_Spanish.png|none|thumb|276x276px|
* ''Por'' se refiere a la causa, es decir, la razón de una acción que produce un resultado. Puede traducirse por la siguiente expresión en inglés: ''due to''.
* ''Para'' se utiliza para expresar un propósito, un objetivo o una meta. Equivale a ''in order to''.
]]

A pesar de esto, hay algunas excepciones a esta regla, por lo que la única manera de dominar estas expresiones es aprenderlas de memoria.
=== ''Por'' ===
* Una causa
<blockquote>Es famoso por esta canción (He is famous due to this song)</blockquote>
* Pasar a través de un espacio
<blockquote>Pasó por aquí (He went through here)</blockquote>
* Una hora del día
<blockquote>Por la mañana, suelo desayunar fruta y cereales (On the morning, I usually eat fruit and cereals)</blockquote>
* Un precio
<blockquote>Lo he comprado por diez euros (I bought it for ten euros)</blockquote>
* Gracias por...
<blockquote>Gracias por leer este artículo (Thank you for reading this article)</blockquote>
* Verbos seguidos de ''por''
{| class="wikitable"
!Español
!Inglés
|-
|asustarse por
|to be scared of
|-
|cambiar por
|to change for
|-
|comenzar por
|to start by
|-
|decidirse por
|to choose
|-
|desvelarse por
|to be concerned for
|-
|disculparse por
|to apologize for
|-
|esforzarse por
|to make an effort for
|-
|interesarse por
|to be interested in
|-
|jurar por
|to swear to
|-
|luchar por
|to fight for
|-
|molestarse por
|to be bothered by
|-
|optar por
|to choose
|-
|pagar por
|to pay for
|-
|preguntar por
|to ask for
|-
|preocuparse por
|to be concerned for
|-
|rezar por
|to pray for
|-
|votar por
|to pray for
|}

=== ''Para'' ===
* Un propósito
<blockquote>El regalo es para los lectores del blog (The gift is for blog readers)</blockquote>
* Un objetivo
<blockquote>Para aprender español, no tienes que vivir en un país de habla hispana (You don't need to live in a Spanish-speaking country to learn Spanish)</blockquote>
* Un destinatario
<blockquote>Este regalo es para ti (This gift is for you)</blockquote>
* Un punto de vista
<blockquote>Para mí es importante viajar. (For me, it's important to travel)</blockquote>
* Una fecha programada
<blockquote>Para el 20 de mayo, tienes que aprender esta lección (You need to learn this lesson for May, 20)</blockquote>
* Expresiones
{| class="wikitable"
!Español
!Inglés
|-
|para entonces
|by then
|-
|para esa época
|by that time
|-
|para que
|so that
|-
|para qué
|what for?
|-
|para siempre
|forever
|-
|para variar
|for a change
|-
|ser tal para cual
|to be made for each other
|}<youtube>RfMRC-y9LxQ</youtube>

== Fuentes ==
* https://espagnol-pas-a-pas.fr/por-et-para-comment-enfin-ne-plus-les-confondre/
* https://www.fluentu.com/blog/spanish/spanish-verbs-with-prepositions/
* https://www.lawlessspanish.com/grammar/verbs/verbs-with-por/
* https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/expressions-with-por-and-para/

Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Gramatical-generalities

2018-11-03T23:42:31Z

Krletto: /* GRAMATICAL GENERALITIES OF QUECHUA */

= GRAMATICAL GENERALITIES OF QUECHUA =
'''Typology'''.- Quechua belongs to the group of agglutinating languages in which a root can be followed by one or more suffixes

            Rumi                            Piedra                                        Stone

Rumiwan                       Con la piedra                           With the Stone

Rumi-lla-wan                 Sólo con la piedra                      Onlv with the Stone

Rumi-lla-wan-raq           Sólo con la piedra todavía          Only with the stone yet

In this way a series of sentences can be formed with any root. In some cases the suffix ''chu'' indicates the interrogative form

Takinkichu                    Vas a cantar?                            Will you sing?

Riymanchu                    Puedo ir?                                  Shall i go?

The suffix ''wan'' equals to,

Mamaywan                 Con mi madre                            With my mother

The suffix ''lla'' equals to,

Ñoqalla                         Solamente yo                            Only me

'''GRAMMATIC UNITS'''

'''Morfema'''.- It is the minimum unit of speech with its own meaning. In Quechua there are two kinds of morphemes: free and linked. Free are those that constitute words by themselves with a specific meaning, eg:

Uma                             Cabeza                                    Head

Morpheme linked is the one that never appears only but linked to another morpheme to have meaning:

Uma-sapa                     Cabezón                                  Big-headed

As you can see, the sapa particle has no meaning if it is not linked to another morpheme, which does not happen with one that can appear alone. These linked morphemes are called suffixes. In a Quechua sentence there may be three or more suffixes linked to free morpheme ej

Wawa                         Criatura                                    Babv

Wawa-kuna-man            A las criaturas .                         To the babies

Wawa-kuna-man-raq     A las criaturas, primero             To the babies first

'''Root''' .- It is called like this some morphemes that do not carry suffixes. They are more numerous and have, in general, a greater number of phonemes, eg:

Paya                             Vieja                                         Old woman

Mallki                            Arbol                                        Tree

'''Topic'''.- It is a root stripped of inflectional suffixes or bearing derivation suffixes, as in the case of Quechua, ex:

Mihuy                         Comer                                     To eat

            Mihuna                         Comida                                    Food

            Qhaway                       Mirar                                         To look

            Qhawana                     Mirador                                    Watch-tower

'''Word'''.- It is the morpheme that can be used independently. In Quechua it can consist of a simple root, ex:

Karu                             Lejos                                        Far

            Wayna                         Joven                                     Young man

Or also in a root with derivative and inflectional suffixes. ex:

Karumanta hamuni        Vengo de lejos                         I come from far off

'''Prayer'''.- Prayer is a syntactically independent unit. It is simple when it has only one verb, eg: It is said that the sentence is composed when it has more than one verb, ex:

Ñañay takiyta munan     Mi hermana quiere cantar          My sister wants to sing

Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Gramatical-generalities

2018-11-03T23:40:47Z

Krletto: Created page with "= GRAMATICAL GENERALITIES OF QUECHUA = '''Typology'''.- Quechua belongs to the group of agglutinating languages in which a root can be followed by one or more suffixes..."