Polyglot Club WIKI - User contributions [en]

Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Describing-People

2023-04-01T12:04:14Z

BetterSituations: /* Basic Adjectives */ fixed the romanization of 職業

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Introducing-Yourself-and-Others|◀️ Introducing Yourself and Others — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Counting-Numbers-and-Time|Next Lesson — Counting Numbers and Time ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Japanese-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Vocabulary → Greetings and Introductions → Describing People</div>

__TOC__

As a Japanese language teacher with 20 years of experience, I know that learning how to describe people is crucial in any language. It allows you to express yourself more precisely and efficiently in various situations, from casual conversation to job interviews. In this lesson, you will learn how to describe people's physical appearance, personality, and occupation in Japanese.

<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Metals|Metals]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]].</span>
== Basic Adjectives ==

Before we dive into the specific vocabulary, let's review some basic adjectives that can apply to people.

* 高い (takai) = tall
* 低い (hikui) = short
* 太い (futoi) = fat
* 細い (hosoi) = thin
* 親切 (shinsetsu) = kind
* 性格 (seikaku) = personality
* 職業 (shokugyō) = occupation

Note that in Japanese, adjectives come before the noun, unlike in English.

Here are some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 彼女は背が高いです。 || ''Kanojo wa se ga takai desu.'' || She is tall.
|-
| 彼は太っています。 || ''Kare wa futotte imasu.'' || He is fat.
|-
| 彼女は親切な人です。 || ''Kanojo wa shinsetsu na hito desu.'' || She is a kind person.
|-
| 彼は警察官です。 || ''Kare wa keisatsukan desu.'' || He is a police officer.
|}

Note that 彼 (kare) means "he" and 彼女 (kanojo) means "she."

== Physical Appearance ==

Here are some useful words to describe people's physical appearance:

* 美しい (utsukushii) = beautiful (applies to women)
* ハンサム (hansamu) = handsome
* 笑顔 (egao) = smile
* 白髪 (shiraga) = white hair
* 眼鏡 (megane) = glasses
* 顔色 (kaoiro) = complexion
* 髪 (kami) = hair

Here are some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 彼はハンサムです。 || ''Kare wa hansamu desu.'' || He is handsome.
|-
| 彼女は綺麗な顔をしています。 || ''Kanojo wa kirei na kao o shite imasu.'' || She has a beautiful face.
|-
| 彼は白髪が多いです。 || ''Kare wa shiraga ga ooi desu.'' || He has a lot of white hair.
|-
| 彼は眼鏡をかけています。 || ''Kare wa megane o kakete imasu.'' || He is wearing glasses.
|}

== Personality ==

Here are some words to describe people's personality:

* 活発 (kappatsu) = lively
* 優しい (yasashii) = kind
* 穏やか (odayaka) = calm
* 礼儀正しい (reigi tadashii) = polite
* 真面目 (majime) = serious
* 恥ずかしがり屋 (hazukashigariya) = shy
* 面白い (omoshiroi) = interesting, funny
* 忍耐強い (nintai tsuyoi) = patient

Here are some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 彼女は活発な性格です。 || ''Kanojo wa kappatsu na seikaku desu.'' || She has a lively personality.
|-
| 彼は優しい人です。 || ''Kare wa yasashii hito desu.'' || He is a kind person.
|-
| 彼は穏やかな人です。 || ''Kare wa odayaka na hito desu.'' || He is a calm person.
|-
| 彼は礼儀正しい人です。 || ''Kare wa reigi tadashii hito desu.'' || He is a polite person.
|}

== Occupation ==

Here are some words to describe people's occupation:

* 学生 (gakusei) = student
* 先生 (sensei) = teacher, professor
* 医者 (isha) = doctor
* 看護師 (kangoshi) = nurse
* 秘書 (hisho) = secretary
* 銀行員 (ginkoin) = banker
* 接客業 (sekkyakugyo) = hospitality/tourism industry
* IT関連 (IT kanren) = IT industry

Here are some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 私は学生です。 || ''Watashi wa gakusei desu.'' || I am a student.
|-
| 彼女は看護師です。 || ''Kanojo wa kangoshi desu.'' || She is a nurse.
|-
| 彼は銀行員です。 || ''Kare wa ginkoin desu.'' || He is a banker.
|-
| 私はIT関連の仕事をしています。 || ''Watashi wa IT kanren no shigoto o shite imasu.'' || I work in the IT industry.
|}

== Conclusion ==

In this lesson, you have learned some basic adjectives and vocabulary for describing people's physical appearance, personality, and occupation in Japanese. Practice using them in sentences and try to incorporate them into your daily conversations. Remember to pay attention to the correct word order and pronunciation. With these words, you can communicate more effectively and make meaningful connections with Japanese speakers.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.rocketlanguages.com/japanese/lessons/describing-people-in-japanese Describing People in Japanese - Rocket Languages]
* [https://bondlingo.tv/blog/describing-people-and-personalities-in-japanese/ Describing People and Personalities in Japanese]
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/japanese/describing-people-in-japanese/ 5 Keys to Describing Everything About People in Japanese ...]
* [https://japaneseup.com/adjectives-personality-feeling/ Japanese Vocabulary – Personality and Feelings – JapaneseUp]

<span link>Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Nationalities|Nationalities]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Vocabulary → Greetings and Introductions → Describing People
|keywords=Japanese vocabulary, physical appearance in Japanese, personality in Japanese, occupation in Japanese
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to describe people's physical appearance, personality, and occupation in Japanese.
}}

{{Japanese-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn the Top Adjectives to Describe People in Japanese - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IlqVDLkwb7M</youtube>

===Adjectives to Describe the Personality in Japanese - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZD511DpHcA</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Country-names|Country names]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/The-Shapes|The Shapes]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Art-and-Literature-Terminology|Art and Literature Terminology]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Parts-of-the-Body|Parts of the Body]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Basic-Travel-and-Tourism-Vocabulary|Basic Travel and Tourism Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Japanese-Hospitality-and-Service-Culture|Japanese Hospitality and Service Culture]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Unique-Expressions|Unique Expressions]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]

{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Introducing-Yourself-and-Others|◀️ Introducing Yourself and Others — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Counting-Numbers-and-Time|Next Lesson — Counting Numbers and Time ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals

2023-04-01T10:52:35Z

BetterSituations: changed positions of rows

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Animals</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Korean. Animals have always been an important part of Korean culture, appearing in many traditional folk tales, songs, and artwork. Knowing the names of animals in Korean can also help you to communicate better with native speakers who may want to discuss pets or wildlife.

__TOC__

<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]], [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Weather-and-Seasons|Korean Vocabulary Daily Routine Weather and Seasons]], [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]] & [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]].</span>
==Basic Vocabulary==

Let's start with some basic animal names in Korean. Pronunciation notes for each word will be indicated with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in square brackets, followed by a transliteration in parentheses, and finally the English translation.

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|곰 (gom) || [kom] || bear
|-
|비버 (bibeo) || [pi.bʌ] || beaver
|-
|새 (sae) || [sɛ] || bird
|-
|멧돼지 (metdwaeji) || [me.t͈wɛ.d͡ʑi] || wild boar
|-
|고양이 (goyang-i) || [ko.jaŋ.i] || cat
|-
|닭 (dak) || [tak̚] || chicken
|-
|소 (so) || [so] || cow
|-
|까마귀 (kkamagwi) || [k͈a.ma.ɡɥi] || crow
|-
|사슴 (saseum) || [sa.sɯm] || deer
|-
|개 (gae) || [kɛ] || dog
|-
|돌고래 (dolgorae) || [tol.ɡo.ɾɛ] || dolphin
|-
|오리 (ori) || [o.ɾi] || duck
|-
|독수리 (doksuri) || [tok.s͈u.ɾi] || eagle
|-
|코끼리 (kokkiri) || [kʰo.k͈i.ɾi] || elephant
|-
|홍학 (honghak) || [hoŋ.ɦak̚] || flamingo
|-
|여우 (yeou) || [jʌ.u] || fox
|-
|염소 (yeomso) || [jʌm.so] || goat
|-
|거위 (geowi) || [kʌ.ɥi] || goose
|-
|고릴라 (gorilla) || [ko.ɾil.la] || gorilla
|-
|이 (i) || [i] || louse
|-
|원숭이 (won-sung-i) || [wʌn.sʊŋ.i] || monkey
|-
|쥐 (jwi) || [t͡ɕɥi] || mouse
|-
|앵무새 (aengmusae) || [ɛŋ.mu.sɛ] || parrot
|-
|돼지 (dwaeji) || [twɛ.d͡ʑi] || pig
|-
|토끼 (tokki) || [to.k͈i] || rabbit
|-
|양 (yang) || [jaŋ] || sheep
|-
|나무늘보 (namuneulbo) || [na.mu.nɯl.bo] || sloth
|-
|거미 (geomi) || [kʌ.mi] || spider
|}

In Korea, pets are becoming increasingly popular. To talk about your own pet, use the word 애완동물 (aewan-dongmul), which means "pet."

*노랑이 (norang-i) - yellow cat
**Person 1: 노랑이가 귀엽네. (Norang-i-ga gwi-yeomne.) (The yellow cat is cute.)
**Person 2: 맞아요? (Maja-yo?) (Really?)

*Korean people also have a deep respect for nature and animals. For example, the white tiger is considered a sacred animal in Korean mythology. Tigers in general are believed to have the power to ward off evil spirits.

==Useful Vocabulary==

Here are some additional animal-related vocabulary in Korean that you may find useful:

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|펭귄 (penggwin) || [pʰɛŋ.ɡɥin] || penguin
|-
|진드기 (jindeugi) || [t͡ɕin.dɯ.ɡi] || tick
|-
|비둘기 (bidulgi) || [pi.dul.ɡi] || pigeon
|-
|하이에나 (haiena) || [ha.i.e.na] || hyena
|-
|바다사자 (badasaja) || [pa.da.sa.d͡ʑa] || sea lion
|}

When talking about an animal in plural, simply add the suffix -들 (-deul) to the noun. For example, 개들 (gaedeul) means "dogs" in Korean.

*Person 1: 몇 마리 돼지가 있어요? (Myeot mari dwaejiga isseoyo?) (How many pigs do you have?)
**Person 2: 네, 세 마리 있어요. (Ne, se mari isseoyo.) (I have three.)

*In Korean, you can also use onomatopoeic words to describe animal sounds. Here are a few examples:

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|멍멍 (meong-meong) || [mʌŋ.mʌŋ] || woof (dog)
|-
|물렁물렁 (mul-leong-mul-leong) || [mul.lʌŋ.mul.lʌŋ] || slosh (fish)
|-
|미유미유 (mi-yu-mi-yu) || [mi.ju.mi.ju] || meow (cat)
|-
|꾹꾹 (kkuk-kkuk) || [k͈uk̚.k͈uk̚] || ribbit (frog)
|-
|쪼끼리 (jjo-kkiri) || [t͈ɕo.k͈i.ɾi] || chirp (bird)
|}

*Person 1: 그 새가 어떻게 울고 있어요? (Geu saega eoddeohge ulgo isseoyo?) (What sound is that bird making?)
**Person 2: 쪼끼리 쪼끼리 울고 있어요. (Jjo-kkiri jjo-kkiri ulgo isseoyo.) (It's making a chirping sound.)

==Fun Fact==

In Korea, dogs have an interesting cultural significance. The Korean Jindo breed of dog, which originated on the island of Jindo, is known for its loyalty and bravery. They are often used as hunting and guard dogs, and are considered a national treasure. There is even a Korean folk tale about a Jindo dog who saved his village from a tiger!

==Conclusion==
To summarize, learning the names of animals in Korean can help you to communicate better with native speakers and understand more about Korean culture. If you want to practice your Korean skills, consider using the [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Polyglot Club] to find native speakers and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]. You can also visit the Korean vocabulary page to learn more words and phrases!

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Animals
|keywords=Korean, vocabulary, animals, Jindo, pets, onomatopoeia
|description=In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Korean. Animals have always been an important part of Korean culture, appearing in many traditional folk tales, songs, and artwork.
}}

==Videos==

===Animal (동물) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MIf0ohOjH84</youtube>

===Sea Animals in Korean - Korean Vocabulary with Pictures - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suTn-VDZqA4</youtube>

===Learn Korean - Farm Animals Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EwS3xq4cLns</youtube>

===PET ANIMALS vocabulary in Korean (KWOW#29) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DTpurcVUGJg</youtube>

===ANIMALS IN KOREAN 동물 - Korean Vocabulary AJ PAKNERS ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOWYE4EDUz0</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors|Colors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Feelings-and-Emotions|Feelings and Emotions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/animals-in-korean/ Animals in Korean – Vocabulary for Pets and Wildlife Creatures]
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/korean-animals/ All About Korean Animals: 117 Animal Names in Korean You Need ...]
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/korean/animals-in-korean/ 39 Animals in Korean Language and Culture | FluentU Korean]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals

2023-04-01T10:50:46Z

BetterSituations: /* Useful Vocabulary */ fixed errors

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Animals</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Korean. Animals have always been an important part of Korean culture, appearing in many traditional folk tales, songs, and artwork. Knowing the names of animals in Korean can also help you to communicate better with native speakers who may want to discuss pets or wildlife.

__TOC__

<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]], [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Weather-and-Seasons|Korean Vocabulary Daily Routine Weather and Seasons]], [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]] & [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]].</span>
==Basic Vocabulary==

Let's start with some basic animal names in Korean. Pronunciation notes for each word will be indicated with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in square brackets, followed by a transliteration in parentheses, and finally the English translation.

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|곰 (gom) || [kom] || bear
|-
|비버 (bibeo) || [pi.bʌ] || beaver
|-
|새 (sae) || [sɛ] || bird
|-
|멧돼지 (metdwaeji) || [me.t͈wɛ.d͡ʑi] || wild boar
|-
|고양이 (goyang-i) || [ko.jaŋ.i] || cat
|-
|닭 (dak) || [tak̚] || chicken
|-
|소 (so) || [so] || cow
|-
|까마귀 (kkamagwi) || [k͈a.ma.ɡɥi] || crow
|-
|사슴 (saseum) || [sa.sɯm] || deer
|-
|개 (gae) || [kɛ] || dog
|-
|돌고래 (dolgorae) || [tol.ɡo.ɾɛ] || dolphin
|-
|오리 (ori) || [o.ɾi] || duck
|-
|독수리 (doksuri) || [tok.s͈u.ɾi] || eagle
|-
|코끼리 (kokkiri) || [kʰo.k͈i.ɾi] || elephant
|-
|홍학 (honghak) || [hoŋ.ɦak̚] || flamingo
|-
|여우 (yeou) || [jʌ.u] || fox
|-
|염소 (yeomso) || [jʌm.so] || goat
|-
|거위 (geowi) || [kʌ.ɥi] || goose
|-
|고릴라 (gorilla) || [ko.ɾil.la] || gorilla
|-
|이 (i) || [i] || louse
|-
|원숭이 (won-sung-i) || [wʌn.sʊŋ.i] || monkey
|-
|쥐 (jwi) || [t͡ɕɥi] || mouse
|-
|앵무새 (aengmusae) || [ɛŋ.mu.sɛ] || parrot
|-
|양 (yang) || [jaŋ] || sheep
|-
|나무늘보 (namuneulbo) || [na.mu.nɯl.bo] || sloth
|-
|거미 (geomi) || [kʌ.mi] || spider
|}

In Korea, pets are becoming increasingly popular. To talk about your own pet, use the word 애완동물 (aewan-dongmul), which means "pet."

*노랑이 (norang-i) - yellow cat
**Person 1: 노랑이가 귀엽네. (Norang-i-ga gwi-yeomne.) (The yellow cat is cute.)
**Person 2: 맞아요? (Maja-yo?) (Really?)

*Korean people also have a deep respect for nature and animals. For example, the white tiger is considered a sacred animal in Korean mythology. Tigers in general are believed to have the power to ward off evil spirits.

==Useful Vocabulary==

Here are some additional animal-related vocabulary in Korean that you may find useful:

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|펭귄 (penggwin) || [pʰɛŋ.ɡɥin] || penguin
|-
|진드기 (jindeugi) || [t͡ɕin.dɯ.ɡi] || tick
|-
|비둘기 (bidulgi) || [pi.dul.ɡi] || pigeon
|-
|하이에나 (haiena) || [ha.i.e.na] || hyena
|-
|돼지 (dwaeji) || [twɛ.d͡ʑi] || pig
|-
|토끼 (tokki) || [to.k͈i] || rabbit
|-
|바다사자 (badasaja) || [pa.da.sa.d͡ʑa] || sea lion
|}

When talking about an animal in plural, simply add the suffix -들 (-deul) to the noun. For example, 개들 (gaedeul) means "dogs" in Korean.

*Person 1: 몇 마리 돼지가 있어요? (Myeot mari dwaejiga isseoyo?) (How many pigs do you have?)
**Person 2: 네, 세 마리 있어요. (Ne, se mari isseoyo.) (I have three.)

*In Korean, you can also use onomatopoeic words to describe animal sounds. Here are a few examples:

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|멍멍 (meong-meong) || [mʌŋ.mʌŋ] || woof (dog)
|-
|물렁물렁 (mul-leong-mul-leong) || [mul.lʌŋ.mul.lʌŋ] || slosh (fish)
|-
|미유미유 (mi-yu-mi-yu) || [mi.ju.mi.ju] || meow (cat)
|-
|꾹꾹 (kkuk-kkuk) || [k͈uk̚.k͈uk̚] || ribbit (frog)
|-
|쪼끼리 (jjo-kkiri) || [t͈ɕo.k͈i.ɾi] || chirp (bird)
|}

*Person 1: 그 새가 어떻게 울고 있어요? (Geu saega eoddeohge ulgo isseoyo?) (What sound is that bird making?)
**Person 2: 쪼끼리 쪼끼리 울고 있어요. (Jjo-kkiri jjo-kkiri ulgo isseoyo.) (It's making a chirping sound.)

==Fun Fact==

In Korea, dogs have an interesting cultural significance. The Korean Jindo breed of dog, which originated on the island of Jindo, is known for its loyalty and bravery. They are often used as hunting and guard dogs, and are considered a national treasure. There is even a Korean folk tale about a Jindo dog who saved his village from a tiger!

==Conclusion==
To summarize, learning the names of animals in Korean can help you to communicate better with native speakers and understand more about Korean culture. If you want to practice your Korean skills, consider using the [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Polyglot Club] to find native speakers and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]. You can also visit the Korean vocabulary page to learn more words and phrases!

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Animals
|keywords=Korean, vocabulary, animals, Jindo, pets, onomatopoeia
|description=In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Korean. Animals have always been an important part of Korean culture, appearing in many traditional folk tales, songs, and artwork.
}}

==Videos==

===Animal (동물) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MIf0ohOjH84</youtube>

===Sea Animals in Korean - Korean Vocabulary with Pictures - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suTn-VDZqA4</youtube>

===Learn Korean - Farm Animals Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EwS3xq4cLns</youtube>

===PET ANIMALS vocabulary in Korean (KWOW#29) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DTpurcVUGJg</youtube>

===ANIMALS IN KOREAN 동물 - Korean Vocabulary AJ PAKNERS ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOWYE4EDUz0</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors|Colors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Feelings-and-Emotions|Feelings and Emotions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/animals-in-korean/ Animals in Korean – Vocabulary for Pets and Wildlife Creatures]
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/korean-animals/ All About Korean Animals: 117 Animal Names in Korean You Need ...]
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/korean/animals-in-korean/ 39 Animals in Korean Language and Culture | FluentU Korean]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals

2023-04-01T10:45:51Z

BetterSituations: /* Basic Vocabulary */ cleanup

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Animals</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Korean. Animals have always been an important part of Korean culture, appearing in many traditional folk tales, songs, and artwork. Knowing the names of animals in Korean can also help you to communicate better with native speakers who may want to discuss pets or wildlife.

__TOC__

<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]], [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Weather-and-Seasons|Korean Vocabulary Daily Routine Weather and Seasons]], [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]] & [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]].</span>
==Basic Vocabulary==

Let's start with some basic animal names in Korean. Pronunciation notes for each word will be indicated with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in square brackets, followed by a transliteration in parentheses, and finally the English translation.

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|곰 (gom) || [kom] || bear
|-
|비버 (bibeo) || [pi.bʌ] || beaver
|-
|새 (sae) || [sɛ] || bird
|-
|멧돼지 (metdwaeji) || [me.t͈wɛ.d͡ʑi] || wild boar
|-
|고양이 (goyang-i) || [ko.jaŋ.i] || cat
|-
|닭 (dak) || [tak̚] || chicken
|-
|소 (so) || [so] || cow
|-
|까마귀 (kkamagwi) || [k͈a.ma.ɡɥi] || crow
|-
|사슴 (saseum) || [sa.sɯm] || deer
|-
|개 (gae) || [kɛ] || dog
|-
|돌고래 (dolgorae) || [tol.ɡo.ɾɛ] || dolphin
|-
|오리 (ori) || [o.ɾi] || duck
|-
|독수리 (doksuri) || [tok.s͈u.ɾi] || eagle
|-
|코끼리 (kokkiri) || [kʰo.k͈i.ɾi] || elephant
|-
|홍학 (honghak) || [hoŋ.ɦak̚] || flamingo
|-
|여우 (yeou) || [jʌ.u] || fox
|-
|염소 (yeomso) || [jʌm.so] || goat
|-
|거위 (geowi) || [kʌ.ɥi] || goose
|-
|고릴라 (gorilla) || [ko.ɾil.la] || gorilla
|-
|이 (i) || [i] || louse
|-
|원숭이 (won-sung-i) || [wʌn.sʊŋ.i] || monkey
|-
|쥐 (jwi) || [t͡ɕɥi] || mouse
|-
|앵무새 (aengmusae) || [ɛŋ.mu.sɛ] || parrot
|-
|양 (yang) || [jaŋ] || sheep
|-
|나무늘보 (namuneulbo) || [na.mu.nɯl.bo] || sloth
|-
|거미 (geomi) || [kʌ.mi] || spider
|}

In Korea, pets are becoming increasingly popular. To talk about your own pet, use the word 애완동물 (aewan-dongmul), which means "pet."

*노랑이 (norang-i) - yellow cat
**Person 1: 노랑이가 귀엽네. (Norang-i-ga gwi-yeomne.) (The yellow cat is cute.)
**Person 2: 맞아요? (Maja-yo?) (Really?)

*Korean people also have a deep respect for nature and animals. For example, the white tiger is considered a sacred animal in Korean mythology. Tigers in general are believed to have the power to ward off evil spirits.

==Useful Vocabulary==

Here are some additional animal-related vocabulary in Korean that you may find useful:

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|펭귄 (peng-gwin) || [pʰɛŋ.ɡɾin] || penguin
|-
|진드기 (jin-deugi) || [t͈ʃin.dɯ.ɡi] || tick
|-
|비둘기 (bidulgi) || [pi.dul.ɡi] || pigeon
|-
|하이에나 (hai-ena) || [hai.eɴa] || hyena
|-
|앵무새 (aeng-musa-e) || [ɛŋ.mu.sɛ] || parrot
|-
|돼지 (dwaeji) || [dwɛ.ʥi] || pig
|-
|토끼 (tokki) || [to.k͈i] || rabbit
|-
|쥐 (jwi) || [t͈ɕɥi] || mouse
|-
|바다사자 (bada-saja) || [pada.sadʑa] || sea lion
|}

When talking about an animal in plural, simply add the suffix -들 (-deul) to the noun. For example, 개들 (gaedeul) means "dogs" in Korean.

*Person 1: 몇 마리 돼지가 있어요? (Myeot mari dwaejiga isseoyo?) (How many pigs do you have?)
**Person 2: 네, 세 마리 있어요. (Ne, se mari isseoyo.) (I have three.)

*In Korean, you can also use onomatopoeic words to describe animal sounds. Here are a few examples:

{| class="wikitable"
!Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|멍멍 (meong-meong) || [mʌŋ.mʌŋ] || woof (dog)
|-
|물렁물렁 (mul-leong-mul-leong) || [mul.lʌŋ.mul.lʌŋ] || slosh (fish)
|-
|미유미유 (mi-yu-mi-yu) || [mi.ju.mi.ju] || meow (cat)
|-
|꾹꾹 (kkuk-kkuk) || [k͈uk̚.k͈uk̚] || ribbit (frog)
|-
|쪼끼리 (jjo-kkiri) || [t͈ɕo.k͈i.ɾi] || chirp (bird)
|}

*Person 1: 그 새가 어떻게 울고 있어요? (Geu saega eoddeohge ulgo isseoyo?) (What sound is that bird making?)
**Person 2: 쪼끼리 쪼끼리 울고 있어요. (Jjo-kkiri jjo-kkiri ulgo isseoyo.) (It's making a chirping sound.)

==Fun Fact==

In Korea, dogs have an interesting cultural significance. The Korean Jindo breed of dog, which originated on the island of Jindo, is known for its loyalty and bravery. They are often used as hunting and guard dogs, and are considered a national treasure. There is even a Korean folk tale about a Jindo dog who saved his village from a tiger!

==Conclusion==
To summarize, learning the names of animals in Korean can help you to communicate better with native speakers and understand more about Korean culture. If you want to practice your Korean skills, consider using the [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Polyglot Club] to find native speakers and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]. You can also visit the Korean vocabulary page to learn more words and phrases!

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Animals
|keywords=Korean, vocabulary, animals, Jindo, pets, onomatopoeia
|description=In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Korean. Animals have always been an important part of Korean culture, appearing in many traditional folk tales, songs, and artwork.
}}

==Videos==

===Animal (동물) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MIf0ohOjH84</youtube>

===Sea Animals in Korean - Korean Vocabulary with Pictures - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suTn-VDZqA4</youtube>

===Learn Korean - Farm Animals Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EwS3xq4cLns</youtube>

===PET ANIMALS vocabulary in Korean (KWOW#29) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DTpurcVUGJg</youtube>

===ANIMALS IN KOREAN 동물 - Korean Vocabulary AJ PAKNERS ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOWYE4EDUz0</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors|Colors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Feelings-and-Emotions|Feelings and Emotions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/animals-in-korean/ Animals in Korean – Vocabulary for Pets and Wildlife Creatures]
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/korean-animals/ All About Korean Animals: 117 Animal Names in Korean You Need ...]
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/korean/animals-in-korean/ 39 Animals in Korean Language and Culture | FluentU Korean]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Colors

2023-04-01T00:29:16Z

BetterSituations: /* Names of some simple colors (Portuguese to English) */ added 'castanho'

Hi everyone, In today's lesson, you will learn some vocabulary related to colors in Portuguese. Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved 😊

__TOC__
Bem-vindo à nossa aula de [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Colors|Portuguese Vocabulary → Colors]]! 🎨 Nesta lição, você aprenderá sobre as cores em português e como usá-las em suas conversas diárias. Dominar o vocabulário das cores é essencial para descrever objetos, roupas e até mesmo expressar emoções. Depois de dominar este tópico, você pode explorar outras áreas interessantes do vocabulário português, como [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Slang|gírias]], [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Camping|vocabulário de acampamento]] e [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Breakfast|vocabulário de café da manhã]]. Aproveite a aula e divirta-se aprendendo! 😊
==Names of some simple colors (Portuguese to English)==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Portuguese
! Color
! English
|-
| scope="col" style="width: 30%;'' " |Branco
| scope="col" style="background:#fff; width: 30%;'' " |
| scope="col" style="width: 30%;'' " |White
|-
|Preto
| scope="col" style="background:#000000;" |
| Black
|-
|Vermelho
| scope="col" style="background:#ff0000;" |
|Red
|-
|Rosa
| scope="col" style="background:#ff1493;" |
|Pink
|-
|Amarelo
| scope="col" style="background:#fc3;" |
|Yellow
|-
|Azul
| scope="col" style="background:#0000ff;" |
|Blue
|-
|Azul escuro
| scope="col" style="background:#2a4b8d;" |
|Dark blue
|-
|Azul claro
| scope="col" style="background:#d0e5f5;" |
| Light blue
|-
|Ciano
| scope="col" style="background:#008b8b;" |
|Cyan
|-
|Verde
| scope="col" style="background:#008000;" |
| Green
|-
|Cinza
| scope="col" style="background:#808080;" |
|Gray
|-
|Roxo
| scope="col" style="background:#800080;" |
|Purple
|-
|Laranja
| scope="col" style="background:#ff8c00;" |
|Orange
|-
|Castanho
| scope="col" style="background:#804000;" |
|Brown
|}

==simple phrases using the colors (portuguese to english)==

*Qual é a cor do céu? O céu é '''azul!'''

<blockquote>What is the sky's color ? the sky is '''blue!'''</blockquote>

*Eu amo '''verde''' porque me lembra a natureza.

<blockquote>I love '''green''' because it reminds me of nature </blockquote>

*'''Vermelho''' é a cor do amor.

<blockquote>'''Red''' is the love's color.</blockquote>

*Eu adoro cores frias, principalmente a cor '''cinza'''.

<blockquote>I love cold colors, mainly '''grey''' one.</blockquote>

*O tabuleiro de xadrez é '''preto''' e '''branco'''.

<blockquote>The chessboard is '''black''' and '''white.'''</blockquote>

*A maioria das meninas gostam da cor '''rosa.'''

<blockquote>The most of girls like '''pink''' color.</blockquote>

*O sol é '''amarelo'''.

<blockquote>The sun is '''yellow.'''</blockquote>

*No verão muitas pessoas usam roupas '''laranja'''.

<blockquote>On summer many people wear '''orange''' clothes.</blockquote>

*Vinho tinto é '''roxo'''.

<blockquote>Red wine is '''purple.'''</blockquote>
==Expressions and idioms involving colors (portuguese to english)==

=== '''Carta branca''' = to give permission to someone do something in the way he/she wants. ===
Te dou carta branca para preparar minha festa de aniversário = I give you permission to prepare my birthday party the way you want to.

=== '''Branco de medo''' = to be really scared, shocked ===
Ela viu um fantasma e ficou branca = She saw a ghost and got scared (shocked)

=== '''Tremer como vara verde''' = to be afraid, to be anxious, nervous, tense ===
Quando ele ouviu o cachorro latir, tremeu como vara verde = When he heard the dog barking, he got tense (afraid, anxious, nervous)

=== '''Verde de fome''' = really hungry ===
Eu estou verde de fome! = I’m really hungry!

=== '''Sinal verde''' = to have someone's permission to do something ===
Ela me deu sinal verde para concluir meu trabalho = She gave me permission to conclude my work

=== '''Verdinhas '''= money (well, it can also mean marijuana) ===
Passa pra cá as verdinhas! = Gimme the Money!

=== '''Sorriso amarelo''' = a fake smile ===
when you don’t want to be socially unpolite or show that you don’t agree with somebody, but you HAVE to agree ‘cuz of the situation)

Ele deu um sorriso amarelo quando o chefe estava criticando seu trabalho na frente de todos. = He faked a smile when his boss was dissing his work in front of everybody.

=== '''Amarelar '''= to be afraid ===
Ela estava quase saltando do avião, mas amarelou e não saltou. = She was about to jump off the airplane, but she got afraid and didn’t jump off.

=== '''Sangue azul''' = da nobreza ===
Eu tenho sangue azul! = I’m noble!

=== '''Tudo azul '''= everything’s ok ===
Comigo está tudo azul = I’m ok

=== '''Estar no vermelho''' = don’t have money. ===
Ela está no vermelho = She has no money

=== '''Planeta vermelho''' = Mars ===
O planeta vermelho é lindo = Mars is beautiful

=== '''Cartão vermelho''' = be expelled, sent away ===
Tomei cartão vermelho da empresa = The company fired me

=== '''Tapete vermelho''' = be well welcomed ===
Eles me receberam com tapete vermelho e tudo = They welcomed me very well

=== '''Ficar Vermelho''' = get blushed or get angry (depend on the context) ===
A calça dele caiu, ele ficou vermelho de vergonha = His pants fell down he got blushed (of embarrassment)

Ele saiu vermelho de raiva do consultório = He got out really angry from the doctor’s office

=== '''Roxo de raiva''' = extremely angry ===
Não fale com ela, ela tá roxa de raiva = Don’t talk to her, she’s extremely angry

=== '''Vida cor de rosa''' / '''óculos cor de rosa''' = rose-colored glasses  ===
the same meaning as in English

=== '''Lista negra''' = blacklist ===
has the same meaning as in English

=== '''Ovelha negra''' = the odd one, rebel (in a bad way) ===
Você é a ovelha negra da família = You’re the rebel one in this family

=== '''Mercado negro''' = where someone can buy illegal things ===
Eu comprei esse Playstation 15 no mercado negro pela metade do preço = I bought Playstation 15 half priced illegally

=== '''A coisa tá preta''' = things will get worse ===
A coisa tá preta entre eles, melhor eu ir embora = Things are getting worse between them, I’d better go away

=== '''Humor negro''' = morbid humor ===

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Construction|Construction]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Business|Business]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Rooms|Rooms]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Christmas|Christmas]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/At-Home|At Home]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/VET|VET]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Medical-Store|Medical Store]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Salon|Salon]]
<span links></span>

Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Colors

2023-04-01T00:24:32Z

BetterSituations: /* Names of some simple colors (Portuguese to English) */ added 'vermelho'

Hi everyone, In today's lesson, you will learn some vocabulary related to colors in Portuguese. Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved 😊

__TOC__
Bem-vindo à nossa aula de [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Colors|Portuguese Vocabulary → Colors]]! 🎨 Nesta lição, você aprenderá sobre as cores em português e como usá-las em suas conversas diárias. Dominar o vocabulário das cores é essencial para descrever objetos, roupas e até mesmo expressar emoções. Depois de dominar este tópico, você pode explorar outras áreas interessantes do vocabulário português, como [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Slang|gírias]], [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Camping|vocabulário de acampamento]] e [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Breakfast|vocabulário de café da manhã]]. Aproveite a aula e divirta-se aprendendo! 😊
==Names of some simple colors (Portuguese to English)==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Portuguese
! Color
! English
|-
| scope="col" style="width: 30%;'' " |Branco
| scope="col" style="background:#fff; width: 30%;'' " |
| scope="col" style="width: 30%;'' " |White
|-
|Preto
| scope="col" style="background:#000000;" |
| Black
|-
|Vermelho
| scope="col" style="background:#ff0000;" |
|Red
|-
|Rosa
| scope="col" style="background:#ff1493;" |
|Pink
|-
|Amarelo
| scope="col" style="background:#fc3;" |
|Yellow
|-
|Azul
| scope="col" style="background:#0000ff;" |
|Blue
|-
|Azul escuro
| scope="col" style="background:#2a4b8d;" |
|Dark blue
|-
|Azul claro
| scope="col" style="background:#d0e5f5;" |
| Light blue
|-
|Ciano
| scope="col" style="background:#008b8b;" |
|Cyan
|-
|Verde
| scope="col" style="background:#008000;" |
| Green
|-
|Cinza
| scope="col" style="background:#808080;" |
|Gray
|-
|Roxo
| scope="col" style="background:#800080;" |
|Purple
|-
|Laranja
| scope="col" style="background:#ff8c00;" |
|Orange
|}

==simple phrases using the colors (portuguese to english)==

*Qual é a cor do céu? O céu é '''azul!'''

<blockquote>What is the sky's color ? the sky is '''blue!'''</blockquote>

*Eu amo '''verde''' porque me lembra a natureza.

<blockquote>I love '''green''' because it reminds me of nature </blockquote>

*'''Vermelho''' é a cor do amor.

<blockquote>'''Red''' is the love's color.</blockquote>

*Eu adoro cores frias, principalmente a cor '''cinza'''.

<blockquote>I love cold colors, mainly '''grey''' one.</blockquote>

*O tabuleiro de xadrez é '''preto''' e '''branco'''.

<blockquote>The chessboard is '''black''' and '''white.'''</blockquote>

*A maioria das meninas gostam da cor '''rosa.'''

<blockquote>The most of girls like '''pink''' color.</blockquote>

*O sol é '''amarelo'''.

<blockquote>The sun is '''yellow.'''</blockquote>

*No verão muitas pessoas usam roupas '''laranja'''.

<blockquote>On summer many people wear '''orange''' clothes.</blockquote>

*Vinho tinto é '''roxo'''.

<blockquote>Red wine is '''purple.'''</blockquote>
==Expressions and idioms involving colors (portuguese to english)==

=== '''Carta branca''' = to give permission to someone do something in the way he/she wants. ===
Te dou carta branca para preparar minha festa de aniversário = I give you permission to prepare my birthday party the way you want to.

=== '''Branco de medo''' = to be really scared, shocked ===
Ela viu um fantasma e ficou branca = She saw a ghost and got scared (shocked)

=== '''Tremer como vara verde''' = to be afraid, to be anxious, nervous, tense ===
Quando ele ouviu o cachorro latir, tremeu como vara verde = When he heard the dog barking, he got tense (afraid, anxious, nervous)

=== '''Verde de fome''' = really hungry ===
Eu estou verde de fome! = I’m really hungry!

=== '''Sinal verde''' = to have someone's permission to do something ===
Ela me deu sinal verde para concluir meu trabalho = She gave me permission to conclude my work

=== '''Verdinhas '''= money (well, it can also mean marijuana) ===
Passa pra cá as verdinhas! = Gimme the Money!

=== '''Sorriso amarelo''' = a fake smile ===
when you don’t want to be socially unpolite or show that you don’t agree with somebody, but you HAVE to agree ‘cuz of the situation)

Ele deu um sorriso amarelo quando o chefe estava criticando seu trabalho na frente de todos. = He faked a smile when his boss was dissing his work in front of everybody.

=== '''Amarelar '''= to be afraid ===
Ela estava quase saltando do avião, mas amarelou e não saltou. = She was about to jump off the airplane, but she got afraid and didn’t jump off.

=== '''Sangue azul''' = da nobreza ===
Eu tenho sangue azul! = I’m noble!

=== '''Tudo azul '''= everything’s ok ===
Comigo está tudo azul = I’m ok

=== '''Estar no vermelho''' = don’t have money. ===
Ela está no vermelho = She has no money

=== '''Planeta vermelho''' = Mars ===
O planeta vermelho é lindo = Mars is beautiful

=== '''Cartão vermelho''' = be expelled, sent away ===
Tomei cartão vermelho da empresa = The company fired me

=== '''Tapete vermelho''' = be well welcomed ===
Eles me receberam com tapete vermelho e tudo = They welcomed me very well

=== '''Ficar Vermelho''' = get blushed or get angry (depend on the context) ===
A calça dele caiu, ele ficou vermelho de vergonha = His pants fell down he got blushed (of embarrassment)

Ele saiu vermelho de raiva do consultório = He got out really angry from the doctor’s office

=== '''Roxo de raiva''' = extremely angry ===
Não fale com ela, ela tá roxa de raiva = Don’t talk to her, she’s extremely angry

=== '''Vida cor de rosa''' / '''óculos cor de rosa''' = rose-colored glasses  ===
the same meaning as in English

=== '''Lista negra''' = blacklist ===
has the same meaning as in English

=== '''Ovelha negra''' = the odd one, rebel (in a bad way) ===
Você é a ovelha negra da família = You’re the rebel one in this family

=== '''Mercado negro''' = where someone can buy illegal things ===
Eu comprei esse Playstation 15 no mercado negro pela metade do preço = I bought Playstation 15 half priced illegally

=== '''A coisa tá preta''' = things will get worse ===
A coisa tá preta entre eles, melhor eu ir embora = Things are getting worse between them, I’d better go away

=== '''Humor negro''' = morbid humor ===

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Construction|Construction]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Business|Business]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Rooms|Rooms]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Christmas|Christmas]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/At-Home|At Home]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/VET|VET]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Medical-Store|Medical Store]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Vocabulary/Salon|Salon]]
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors

2023-04-01T00:12:35Z

BetterSituations: /* Intermediate Colors */ added 청록색

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Colors</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn Korea's most commonly used colors, with their pronunciations and translations. Knowing colors in a foreign language is not only useful for daily conversations but it also helps better understanding a country's culture. Let's get started!<br>
Don't forget, to improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!<br>
__TOC__

== Basic Colors ==

The basic color names are not too difficult to learn but some of them are similar to each other. Don't worry, we will give you some tips to easily differentiate them.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검정 || geomjung || Black
|-
| 흰색 || huinsaek || White
|-
| 빨강 || ppalgang || Red
|-
| 주황 || juhwang || Orange
|-
| 노랑 || norang || Yellow
|-
| 초록 || chorok || Green
|-
| 파랑 || parang || Blue
|-
| 보라 || bora || Purple
|}

The following adjectives describing color are commonly used:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검다 || geomtta || To be black
|-
| 희다 || huida || To be white
|-
| 하얗다 || hayata || To be white
|-
| 붉다 || buktta || To be red
|-
| 빨갛다 || ppalgata || To be red
|-
| 노랗다 || norata || To be yellow
|-
| 푸르다 || pureuda || To be green, to be blue
|-
| 파랗다 || parata || To be blue
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for green (초록) contains the word 초 meaning beginning or start. You can remember it as fresh beginnings and new grass.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 이 재킷은 빨간데 어때요? (I jaekis-eun ppalgande eottaeyo?) (How do you like my red jacket?)
* Person 2: 정말 예쁘다. (Jeongmal yeppeuda.) (It's very pretty.)

== Intermediate Colors ==

These colors will help you to better describe what you see, and are useful when you want to express more specific colors. Get ready to expand your vocabulary!

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 연두색 || yeondusaek || Lime green
|-
| 오렌지색 || orenjisaek || Orange
|-
| 밝은 빨강 || balgeun ppalgang || Bright red
|-
| 진한 파랑 || jinhan parang || Dark blue
|-
| 연한 노랑 || yeonhan norang || Light yellow
|-
| 핑크 || pingkeu || Pink
|-
| 회색 || hoesaek || Grey
|-
| 갈색 || galsaek || Brown
|-
| 하늘색 || haneulssaek || Sky blue
|-
| 청록색 || cheongnokssaek || Turquoise
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for pink (핑크) is pinku. This is a borrowed word from English.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 언니, 그 옷은 핑크예요? (Eonni, geu oseun pinku-yeyo?) (Sister, is that dress pink?)
* Person 2: 네, 이 옷은 핑크예요. (Ne, i oseun pinku-yeyo.) (Yes, this dress is pink.)

== Cultural Significance of Colors in Korea ==

Colors are important in every culture, and Korea is no exception. Here are some examples of the significance of colors in Korea:

=== Red ===

Red is considered an auspicious color in Korea, and is often used during special occasions such as weddings and other celebrations. In particular, red is believed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck.

=== White ===

Traditionally, Koreans wear white during funerals and show their respect by dressing in muted and subdued tones.

=== Yellow ===

Yellow is the color of royalty and was worn exclusively by the royal family during the Joseon Dynasty.

=== Green ===

Green symbolizes new beginnings, and is often associated with spring, new growth, and vitality.

=== Black ===

Black is a somber color often associated with mourning, although it is also worn as a sign of respect and formality.

And that's it for today's lesson on Korean colors. If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Colors
|keywords=Korean vocabulary, Korean colors, intermediate level, Polyglot Club, Korean culture
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the most commonly used colors in Korea, along with their cultural significance. Expand your vocabulary with intermediate level colors.
}}

==Videos==

===Color (색, 색깔) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HfXQzwvQcA</youtube>

===한국어 Learn Korean | Korean Words & Phrases: Color - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5KKII9jhek</youtube>

===How to say colors in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKmQXTpd0T8</youtube>

==="Colors Lesson" (Korean Lesson 05) CLIP -- Teach Colour Names ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sX2aKagTgI4</youtube>

===When should I add the Korean word 색 (saek) to colors? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayDABgYMWso</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* KoreanClass101. (n.d.). Korean colors: Everything you need to know. https://www.koreanclass101.com/korean-vocabulary-lists/colors/
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/colors-in-korean/ How to Learn a Rainbow of Colors in Korean]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/color-in-korean/ Colors in Korean - Complete list with all shades [2023]]
* [https://www.rocketlanguages.com/korean/lessons/colors-in-korean Colors in Korean - Rocket Languages]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors

2023-04-01T00:05:24Z

BetterSituations: /* Intermediate Colors */ added 하늘색

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Colors</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn Korea's most commonly used colors, with their pronunciations and translations. Knowing colors in a foreign language is not only useful for daily conversations but it also helps better understanding a country's culture. Let's get started!<br>
Don't forget, to improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!<br>
__TOC__

== Basic Colors ==

The basic color names are not too difficult to learn but some of them are similar to each other. Don't worry, we will give you some tips to easily differentiate them.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검정 || geomjung || Black
|-
| 흰색 || huinsaek || White
|-
| 빨강 || ppalgang || Red
|-
| 주황 || juhwang || Orange
|-
| 노랑 || norang || Yellow
|-
| 초록 || chorok || Green
|-
| 파랑 || parang || Blue
|-
| 보라 || bora || Purple
|}

The following adjectives describing color are commonly used:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검다 || geomtta || To be black
|-
| 희다 || huida || To be white
|-
| 하얗다 || hayata || To be white
|-
| 붉다 || buktta || To be red
|-
| 빨갛다 || ppalgata || To be red
|-
| 노랗다 || norata || To be yellow
|-
| 푸르다 || pureuda || To be green, to be blue
|-
| 파랗다 || parata || To be blue
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for green (초록) contains the word 초 meaning beginning or start. You can remember it as fresh beginnings and new grass.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 이 재킷은 빨간데 어때요? (I jaekis-eun ppalgande eottaeyo?) (How do you like my red jacket?)
* Person 2: 정말 예쁘다. (Jeongmal yeppeuda.) (It's very pretty.)

== Intermediate Colors ==

These colors will help you to better describe what you see, and are useful when you want to express more specific colors. Get ready to expand your vocabulary!

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 연두색 || yeondusaek || Lime green
|-
| 오렌지색 || orenjisaek || Orange
|-
| 밝은 빨강 || balgeun ppalgang || Bright red
|-
| 진한 파랑 || jinhan parang || Dark blue
|-
| 연한 노랑 || yeonhan norang || Light yellow
|-
| 핑크 || pingkeu || Pink
|-
| 회색 || hoesaek || Grey
|-
| 갈색 || galsaek || Brown
|-
| 하늘색 || haneulssaek || Sky blue
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for pink (핑크) is pinku. This is a borrowed word from English.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 언니, 그 옷은 핑크예요? (Eonni, geu oseun pinku-yeyo?) (Sister, is that dress pink?)
* Person 2: 네, 이 옷은 핑크예요. (Ne, i oseun pinku-yeyo.) (Yes, this dress is pink.)

== Cultural Significance of Colors in Korea ==

Colors are important in every culture, and Korea is no exception. Here are some examples of the significance of colors in Korea:

=== Red ===

Red is considered an auspicious color in Korea, and is often used during special occasions such as weddings and other celebrations. In particular, red is believed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck.

=== White ===

Traditionally, Koreans wear white during funerals and show their respect by dressing in muted and subdued tones.

=== Yellow ===

Yellow is the color of royalty and was worn exclusively by the royal family during the Joseon Dynasty.

=== Green ===

Green symbolizes new beginnings, and is often associated with spring, new growth, and vitality.

=== Black ===

Black is a somber color often associated with mourning, although it is also worn as a sign of respect and formality.

And that's it for today's lesson on Korean colors. If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Colors
|keywords=Korean vocabulary, Korean colors, intermediate level, Polyglot Club, Korean culture
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the most commonly used colors in Korea, along with their cultural significance. Expand your vocabulary with intermediate level colors.
}}

==Videos==

===Color (색, 색깔) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HfXQzwvQcA</youtube>

===한국어 Learn Korean | Korean Words & Phrases: Color - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5KKII9jhek</youtube>

===How to say colors in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKmQXTpd0T8</youtube>

==="Colors Lesson" (Korean Lesson 05) CLIP -- Teach Colour Names ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sX2aKagTgI4</youtube>

===When should I add the Korean word 색 (saek) to colors? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayDABgYMWso</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* KoreanClass101. (n.d.). Korean colors: Everything you need to know. https://www.koreanclass101.com/korean-vocabulary-lists/colors/
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/colors-in-korean/ How to Learn a Rainbow of Colors in Korean]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/color-in-korean/ Colors in Korean - Complete list with all shades [2023]]
* [https://www.rocketlanguages.com/korean/lessons/colors-in-korean Colors in Korean - Rocket Languages]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender

2023-04-01T00:03:33Z

BetterSituations: /* Verbs */ fixed an error

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar - Gender</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will be talking about gender in the Korean language. Gender can be a tricky topic for non-native speakers, but don't worry, we will make it easy for you!

__TOC__

== Introduction ==

Unlike many Western languages, Korean does not have grammatical gender. There are no separate words for "he" or "she." However, genders are often implied through context and honorifics. In this lesson, we'll cover how genders are indicated in Korean and give you some cultural context for understanding them.

<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Question-Words|Question Words]].</span>
== Honorifics ==

In Korean, honorifics play a large role in indicating gender. Honorifics are a system of titles and suffixes that show respect and hierarchy. They are used to address people according to their social status or relative age.

One honorific system is called "존댓말" (jondaetmal), which is used to address people of higher social status or older age. Another system, called "반말" (banmal), is used to speak informally to people of lower status or younger age.

While honorifics do not explicitly indicate gender, they can help you infer gender. For example, a woman may be referred to as "선생님" (seonsaengnim), which means "teacher," while a man may be referred to as "선생" (seonsaeng).

== Pronouns ==

As we mentioned earlier, Korean does not have gendered pronouns like "he" or "she." Instead, the third-person pronouns can be replaced with the person's name or title, which can help indicate their gender. For example, "우리 선생님" (uri seonsaengnim) would mean "our teacher" and using this phrase could indicate that the teacher is female.

== Verbs ==

As with pronouns, Korean verbs do not change based on gender. You can use the same verbs regardless of the subject's gender.

== Culture Corner ==

In Korean culture, gender roles are still quite traditional. For example, it is typical for men to be the primary breadwinners and women to take care of the home and children. However, this is slowly changing as more women enter the workforce and society becomes more progressive.

Korea is also known for its strict beauty standards for both men and women. While the Western world is more accepting of diverse body types and appearances, Korean society values a very specific look, which can put pressure on individuals to conform to these standards.

== Dialogue ==

Person 1: 안녕, 지금 뭐해? (Annyeong, jigeum mwohae?) (Hello, what are you doing now?)
Person 2: 영화를 보고 있어. 너는? (Yeonghwaleul bogo isseo. Neoneun?) (I'm watching a movie. How about you?)

== Examples ==

Here are some examples of Korean phrases that may indicate gender:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 오빠 || oppa || Older brother (used by females to address their older male siblings or close older male friends)
|-
| 누나 || nuna || Older sister (used by males to address their older female siblings or close older female friends)
|-
| 형 || hyeong || Older brother (used by males to address their older male siblings or close older male friends)
|-
| 언니 || eonni || Older sister (used by females to address their older female siblings or close older female friends)
|}

== Conclusion ==

In conclusion, while Korean does not have grammatical gender, it does imply gender through context and honorifics. We hope this lesson has helped you understand how gender works in Korean and provided some cultural context for you to better understand Korean society. Remember, to improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.quora.com/Does-Korean-have-grammatical-gender-If-so-where-is-it-used Does Korean have grammatical gender? If so, where is it used ...]
* [https://www.lingq.com/en/grammar-resource/korean/gender/ The LingQ Korean Grammar Guide - Gender]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language Korean language - Wikipedia]

<span link>Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Understanding Gender in Korean Grammar
|keywords=Korean grammar, gender, Korean honorifics, Korean pronouns, Korean culture
|description=In this lesson, we will help you understand how gender works in the Korean language, using honorifics, pronouns, and cultural context.
}}

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Adjectives

2023-03-30T11:24:58Z

BetterSituations: /* Basic Adjectives */ fixed the forms

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar - Adjectives</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about Korean adjectives. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns. In Korean, adjectives come before the noun they describe. It is important to learn Korean adjectives to be able to express yourself and to understand others.

__TOC__

<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]], [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Korean Grammar → Conjunctions and Connectors → Conditional ...]], [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Question-Words|Question Words]].</span>
== Basic Adjectives ==

Let's start with some basic Korean adjectives that you can use in your daily life.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of Basic Adjectives
| 안녕하다 (annyeonghada) || Peaceful
|-
| 크다 (keuda) || Big / Large
|-
| 작다 (jageun) || Small / Little
|-
| 새롭다 (saeroun) || New / Fresh
|-
| 좋다 (joh-eun) || Good / Nice
|-
| 나쁘다 (nappeun) || Bad / Poor
|-
| 늦다 (neujeun) || Late
|-
| 이르다 (ireuda) || Early
|}

Here's an example dialogue using some of these basic adjectives:

* Person 1: 안녕하세요! (Hello!)
* Person 2: 안녕하세요! 큰 사과를 사고 싶어요. (Hello! I want to buy a big apple.)
* Person 1: 저는 작은 사과를 선호해요. (I prefer small apples.)

== Descriptive Adjectives ==

Descriptive adjectives in Korean express the appearance or state of a noun. They can be used to describe a person, a thing, or a place.

Let's look at some descriptive adjectives:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of Descriptive Adjectives
| 예쁜 (yeppeun) || Pretty
|-
| 멋있는 (meos-issneun) || Cool / Handsome
|-
| 이쁜 (ippeun) || Beautiful
|-
| 재미있는 (jaemi-issneun) || Fun / Interesting
|-
| 지루한 (jiruhan) || Boring
|-
| 싫은 (silh-eun) || Dislike / Hate
|-
| 어려운 (eoryeoun) || Difficult
|}

Let's use some of these descriptive adjectives in a dialogue:

* Person 1: 우리 선생님은 어떤 분이에요? (What kind of person is our teacher?)
* Person 2: 제 생각에 선생님은 멋있고 재미있으세요. (In my opinion, the teacher is cool and interesting.)
* Person 1: 저는 그렇지 않아요. 선생님이 지루하고 어려워요. (I don't think so. The teacher is boring and difficult for me.)

== Comparison of Adjectives ==

In Korean, you can express comparisons by using certain adjectives. Here are some of the comparative adjectives:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Comparative Adjectives
| 더 (deo) || More
|-
| 덜 (deol) || Less
|-
| 많이 (manhi) || Much / Many
|-
| 조금 (jogeum) || A little
|-
| 가장 (gajang) || The most
|}

Let's see how we can use these comparative adjectives:

* Person 1: 이 선물이 좋아요. (This gift is good.)
* Person 2: 저도 좋아해요. 하지만, 그 선물은 더 좋아요. (I like it too. However, that gift is better.)
* Person 1: 왜요? (Why?)
* Person 2: 그 선물은 가장 비싸요. (Because that gift is the most expensive.)

== Adjective Endings ==

In Korean, there are different adjective endings depending on the tense of the sentence. Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Adjective Endings
! Tense !! Ending
|-
| Present || -아 / -어 (-a / -eo)
|-
| Past || -았 / -었 (-at / -eot)
|-
| Future || -겠 (-get)
|}

Let's use these adjective endings in a sentence:

* Person 1: 어떻게 알았어요? (How did you know?)
* Person 2: 감기에 걸렸어요. 코가 막혀서 힘들어요. (I caught a cold. My nose is stuffy, and I'm having a hard time.)
* Person 1: 조심해야 돼요. 감기에 걸리지 않으려면, 따뜻하게 입으세요. (You need to be careful. To avoid catching a cold, dress warmly.)

To improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar - Adjectives
|keywords=Korean, grammar, adjectives, basic adjectives, descriptive adjectives, comparison, endings
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Korean adjectives, their different types, and how to use them correctly in sentences.
}}

==Videos==

===G8.5 ㄹ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Korean Grammar) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hS482D_X8Ms</youtube>

===Korean Grammar | Changing adjectives into adjectives? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sc8V1doAws0</youtube>

===Korean Demonstrative Pronouns & Adjectives - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IVGdDBrTcMk</youtube>

===Korean LIVE Class Action Verbs to Adjectives (~는) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CRMj_MTmLac</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/korean/korean-adjectives/ 70 Colorful Korean Adjectives and How to Conjugate Them Like a Pro]
* [https://storylearning.com/learn/korean/korean-tips/korean-adjectives Korean Adjectives – StoryLearning]
* [https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-4/ Lesson 4: Korean Adjectives ~ㄴ/은]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns

2023-03-30T11:20:37Z

BetterSituations: /* Korean Counting System */ fixed a counter

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar - Nouns</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will focus on Korean Nouns.

Nouns are a fundamental part of any sentence in every language. A Noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing or idea. They are usually used as subjects, objects or the complement of a sentence. In Korean, the subject always comes before the object.

For example:
- In the sentence "The cat is chasing the mouse", "cat" and "mouse" are the nouns.
- Korean: 고양이가 쥐를 쫓고 있어요. (Goyang-i ga jwi-reul jjoch-go iss-eoyo.)
- Breakdown: 고양이 (cat) + 가 (subject particle) + 쥐 (mouse) + 를 (object particle) + 쫓고 있어요 (is chasing)

Let's dive deeper into the different types of Korean Nouns, their grammatical rules and their role in sentences! Don't forget, whenever you get stuck, you can always find help from [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!

__TOC__

== Sino-Korean Nouns ==

Sino-Korean nouns are derived from Chinese and make up a significant portion of Korean vocabulary. They are comprised of two or more Chinese characters that were adopted into the Korean language. These words can be easily recognized due to their "어" sound at the end of the word. Sino-Korean nouns are usually used in academic, professional, and formal settings.

Here are some examples of Sino-Korean Nouns:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 대학교 || daehaggyo || University
|-
| 전화번호 || jeonhwabeonho || Telephone Number
|-
| 상사 || sangsa || Boss/Supervisor
|}

== Native Korean Nouns ==

Native Korean nouns, also known as pure Korean nouns, are words that are not derived from Chinese characters. Native Korean nouns are usually shorter and simpler than Sino-Korean nouns. They are more casual and informal in nature and are used in everyday conversations.

Some examples of Native Korean Nouns:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 개 || gae || Dog
|-
| 밥 || bap || Rice/Food
|-
| 해 || hae || The Sun
|}

== Korean Counting System ==

When you are counting objects in Korean, you will need to know the Korean counting system. Korean has two counting systems, one for Sino-Korean numbers and one for Native Korean numbers.

__Sino-Korean Counting System__
The Sino-Korean counting system uses Chinese characters and is used for most numbers, especially larger numbers. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in the Sino-Korean counting system: 일 (il), 이 (ee), 삼 (sam), 사 (sa), 오 (oh), 육 (yuk), 칠 (chil), 팔 (pal), 구 (gu), 십 (ship).

__Native Korean Counting System__
The Native Korean counting system is used for counting objects and telling the time. It is used only for numbers up to 99. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in the Native Korean counting system: 하나 (hana), 둘 (dul), 셋 (set), 넷 (net), 다섯 (daseot), 여섯 (yeoseot), 일곱 (ilgob), 여덟 (yeodeolb), 아홉 (ahob), 열 (yeol).

Here's an example conversation using both counting systems:

* Person 1: 이 책이 몇 권 있어요? (I chaegi myeot gweon iss-eoyo?) (How many of these books do you have?)
* Person 2: 한 권 있어요. (Han gwon iss-eoyo.) (I have one book.)

== Gender in Korean Nouns ==

Unlike many languages, Korean does not have gendered pronouns or articles like "he" or "she". However, there are gender-specific nouns that are used to indicate gender.

- __Male Gender specific nouns__: 누님 (nunim), 오라버니 (ora-boni)
- __Female Gender specific nouns__: 언니 (eonni), 누나 (nuna)

Here is an example conversation that illustrates gender-specific nouns:

* Person 1: 언니, 여기 있어요! (Eonni, yeogi iss-eoyo!) (Sister, I'm here!)
* Person 2: 오라버니, 뭐 하고 계세요? (Ora-boni, mwo hago gyeseyo?) (Brother-in-law, what are you doing?)

== Plural Nouns ==

Making a noun plural in Korean is simple. The only thing you need to do is add the suffix "들" (deul) to the noun.

Here's an example using a plural noun:

* Person 1: 사과 하나 가져올게요. (Sagwa hana gajyeo-olgeyo.) (I will bring one apple.)
* Person 2: 사과 한 개 말고 사과 여러 개 가져와요. (Sagwa han gae malgo sagwa yeoreo gae gajyeo-wayo.) (Bring multiple apples, not just one.)

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-grammar/ Korean Grammar: A Beginner's Guide]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_grammar Korean grammar - Wikipedia]

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar - Nouns
|keywords=Korean Grammar, Korean language, Korean Nouns, Sino-Korean Nouns, Native Korean Nouns, Korean Counting System, Gender in Korean Nouns, Plural Nouns, Polyglot Club
|description=In this lesson, we will focus on Korean Nouns, their grammatical rules and their role in sentences! Improve your Korean Grammar with cultural information, interesting facts and analogies!
}}

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns

2023-03-30T11:18:43Z

BetterSituations: /* Native Korean Nouns */ replaced '미래', a Sino-Korean noun, with '해'

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar - Nouns</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will focus on Korean Nouns.

Nouns are a fundamental part of any sentence in every language. A Noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing or idea. They are usually used as subjects, objects or the complement of a sentence. In Korean, the subject always comes before the object.

For example:
- In the sentence "The cat is chasing the mouse", "cat" and "mouse" are the nouns.
- Korean: 고양이가 쥐를 쫓고 있어요. (Goyang-i ga jwi-reul jjoch-go iss-eoyo.)
- Breakdown: 고양이 (cat) + 가 (subject particle) + 쥐 (mouse) + 를 (object particle) + 쫓고 있어요 (is chasing)

Let's dive deeper into the different types of Korean Nouns, their grammatical rules and their role in sentences! Don't forget, whenever you get stuck, you can always find help from [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!

__TOC__

== Sino-Korean Nouns ==

Sino-Korean nouns are derived from Chinese and make up a significant portion of Korean vocabulary. They are comprised of two or more Chinese characters that were adopted into the Korean language. These words can be easily recognized due to their "어" sound at the end of the word. Sino-Korean nouns are usually used in academic, professional, and formal settings.

Here are some examples of Sino-Korean Nouns:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 대학교 || daehaggyo || University
|-
| 전화번호 || jeonhwabeonho || Telephone Number
|-
| 상사 || sangsa || Boss/Supervisor
|}

== Native Korean Nouns ==

Native Korean nouns, also known as pure Korean nouns, are words that are not derived from Chinese characters. Native Korean nouns are usually shorter and simpler than Sino-Korean nouns. They are more casual and informal in nature and are used in everyday conversations.

Some examples of Native Korean Nouns:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 개 || gae || Dog
|-
| 밥 || bap || Rice/Food
|-
| 해 || hae || The Sun
|}

== Korean Counting System ==

When you are counting objects in Korean, you will need to know the Korean counting system. Korean has two counting systems, one for Sino-Korean numbers and one for Native Korean numbers.

__Sino-Korean Counting System__
The Sino-Korean counting system uses Chinese characters and is used for most numbers, especially larger numbers. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in the Sino-Korean counting system: 일 (il), 이 (ee), 삼 (sam), 사 (sa), 오 (oh), 육 (yuk), 칠 (chil), 팔 (pal), 구 (gu), 십 (ship).

__Native Korean Counting System__
The Native Korean counting system is used for counting objects and telling the time. It is used only for numbers up to 99. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in the Native Korean counting system: 하나 (hana), 둘 (dul), 셋 (set), 넷 (net), 다섯 (daseot), 여섯 (yeoseot), 일곱 (ilgob), 여덟 (yeodeolb), 아홉 (ahob), 열 (yeol).

Here's an example conversation using both counting systems:

* Person 1: 이 책이 몇 개 있어요? (I chaegi myeot gae iss-eoyo?) (How many of these books do you have?)
* Person 2: 한 권 있어요. (Han gwon iss-eoyo.) (I have one book.)

== Gender in Korean Nouns ==

Unlike many languages, Korean does not have gendered pronouns or articles like "he" or "she". However, there are gender-specific nouns that are used to indicate gender.

- __Male Gender specific nouns__: 누님 (nunim), 오라버니 (ora-boni)
- __Female Gender specific nouns__: 언니 (eonni), 누나 (nuna)

Here is an example conversation that illustrates gender-specific nouns:

* Person 1: 언니, 여기 있어요! (Eonni, yeogi iss-eoyo!) (Sister, I'm here!)
* Person 2: 오라버니, 뭐 하고 계세요? (Ora-boni, mwo hago gyeseyo?) (Brother-in-law, what are you doing?)

== Plural Nouns ==

Making a noun plural in Korean is simple. The only thing you need to do is add the suffix "들" (deul) to the noun.

Here's an example using a plural noun:

* Person 1: 사과 하나 가져올게요. (Sagwa hana gajyeo-olgeyo.) (I will bring one apple.)
* Person 2: 사과 한 개 말고 사과 여러 개 가져와요. (Sagwa han gae malgo sagwa yeoreo gae gajyeo-wayo.) (Bring multiple apples, not just one.)

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-grammar/ Korean Grammar: A Beginner's Guide]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_grammar Korean grammar - Wikipedia]

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar - Nouns
|keywords=Korean Grammar, Korean language, Korean Nouns, Sino-Korean Nouns, Native Korean Nouns, Korean Counting System, Gender in Korean Nouns, Plural Nouns, Polyglot Club
|description=In this lesson, we will focus on Korean Nouns, their grammatical rules and their role in sentences! Improve your Korean Grammar with cultural information, interesting facts and analogies!
}}

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense

2023-03-30T11:12:12Z

BetterSituations: /* Irregular Verbs */ removed the section, as the progressive tense is not irregular in Korean

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense</div>

__TOC__

As a beginner in learning Korean language, you might have got a hang of using different verb tenses, such as past tense and future tense. But what about actions that are ongoing? In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean, also known as the continuous tense. This tense is formed by combining a verb stem and the verb "고 있다" (go itda), which means "to be doing".

<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|Korean Pronunciation]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
== Forming Progressive Tense Verbs ==

To form the progressive tense, we simply add "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

* 가다 (gada) - to go
* 가 + 고 있다 = 가고 있다 (gago itda) - to be going
* 먹다 (meokda) - to eat
* 먹 + 고 있다 = 먹고 있다 (meokgo itda) - to be eating

* 사다 (sada) - to buy
* 사 + 고 있다 = 사고 있다 (sago itda) - to be buying
* 쓰다 (sseuda) - to write, to use, to put on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)
* 쓰 + 고 있다 = 쓰고 있다 (sseugo itda) - to be writing, to be using, to be putting on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)

== Using Progressive Tense in Sentences ==

Once you have formed the progressive tense verbs, you can use them in sentences to describe ongoing actions. Here are some examples:

* 저는 책을 읽고 있어요. (Jeoneun chaekeul ilggo isseoyo.) - I am reading a book.
* 지금 밥을 먹고 있어요. (Jigeum bab-eul meokgo isseoyo.) - I am eating lunch now.
* 그들은 영화를 보고 있어요. (Geudeureun yeonghwaleul bogo isseoyo.) - They are watching a movie.

Notice that the subject marker "은/는" (eun/neun) is added after the subject, and the object marker "을/를" (eul/reul) is added after the object. Then, the progressive tense verb is added after the object marker.
== Exceptions ==

There are some cases where the progressive tense is not used, such as when talking about habitual actions or actions that take only a short time to complete. In those cases, we use the simple present tense instead.

== Summary ==

Congratulations! Now you know how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean! You have learned how to find the verb stem and add "고 있다" to form this tense. You also learned about irregular verbs and when to use the simple present tense instead of the progressive tense. Keep practicing to get more comfortable using this tense in your day-to-day conversations.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://learnkorean24.com/korean-present-progressive-tense/ Korean Present Progressive Tense | ~ 고 있어요 - LearnKorean24]
* [https://koreanjun.com/core-grammar/present-progressive-tense/ Present Progressive Tense - Korean Jun]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense
|keywords=Korean language, Korean grammar, progressive tense, continuous tense, forming progressive tense verbs, verb stem, using progressive tense in sentences, irregular verbs, exceptions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean. We will cover everything from forming progressive tense verbs to using them in sentences to describe ongoing actions.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Korean Grammar - Present Progressive Tense - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa_ZcNcSmO0</youtube>

===Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VcXJDvtNEk</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Subject and Object Markers]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense

2023-03-30T11:09:06Z

BetterSituations: /* Irregular Verbs */ '오다' becomes '오고 있다'. '없다' is an adjective.

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense</div>

__TOC__

As a beginner in learning Korean language, you might have got a hang of using different verb tenses, such as past tense and future tense. But what about actions that are ongoing? In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean, also known as the continuous tense. This tense is formed by combining a verb stem and the verb "고 있다" (go itda), which means "to be doing".

<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|Korean Pronunciation]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
== Forming Progressive Tense Verbs ==

To form the progressive tense, we simply add "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

* 가다 (gada) - to go
* 가 + 고 있다 = 가고 있다 (gago itda) - to be going
* 먹다 (meokda) - to eat
* 먹 + 고 있다 = 먹고 있다 (meokgo itda) - to be eating

* 사다 (sada) - to buy
* 사 + 고 있다 = 사고 있다 (sago itda) - to be buying
* 쓰다 (sseuda) - to write, to use, to put on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)
* 쓰 + 고 있다 = 쓰고 있다 (sseugo itda) - to be writing, to be using, to be putting on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)

== Using Progressive Tense in Sentences ==

Once you have formed the progressive tense verbs, you can use them in sentences to describe ongoing actions. Here are some examples:

* 저는 책을 읽고 있어요. (Jeoneun chaekeul ilggo isseoyo.) - I am reading a book.
* 지금 밥을 먹고 있어요. (Jigeum bab-eul meokgo isseoyo.) - I am eating lunch now.
* 그들은 영화를 보고 있어요. (Geudeureun yeonghwaleul bogo isseoyo.) - They are watching a movie.

Notice that the subject marker "은/는" (eun/neun) is added after the subject, and the object marker "을/를" (eul/reul) is added after the object. Then, the progressive tense verb is added after the object marker.

== Irregular Verbs ==

There are a few irregular verbs when it comes to forming the progressive tense. They are:
* 있다 (itda) - to exist, to be
* 있 + 고 있다 = 있고 있다 (itgo itda) - to be in a state of existence
== Exceptions ==

There are some cases where the progressive tense is not used, such as when talking about habitual actions or actions that take only a short time to complete. In those cases, we use the simple present tense instead.

== Summary ==

Congratulations! Now you know how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean! You have learned how to find the verb stem and add "고 있다" to form this tense. You also learned about irregular verbs and when to use the simple present tense instead of the progressive tense. Keep practicing to get more comfortable using this tense in your day-to-day conversations.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://learnkorean24.com/korean-present-progressive-tense/ Korean Present Progressive Tense | ~ 고 있어요 - LearnKorean24]
* [https://koreanjun.com/core-grammar/present-progressive-tense/ Present Progressive Tense - Korean Jun]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense
|keywords=Korean language, Korean grammar, progressive tense, continuous tense, forming progressive tense verbs, verb stem, using progressive tense in sentences, irregular verbs, exceptions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean. We will cover everything from forming progressive tense verbs to using them in sentences to describe ongoing actions.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Korean Grammar - Present Progressive Tense - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa_ZcNcSmO0</youtube>

===Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VcXJDvtNEk</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Subject and Object Markers]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense

2023-03-30T11:07:32Z

BetterSituations: /* Forming Progressive Tense Verbs */ fixed the explanation, added meanings of '쓰다'

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense</div>

__TOC__

As a beginner in learning Korean language, you might have got a hang of using different verb tenses, such as past tense and future tense. But what about actions that are ongoing? In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean, also known as the continuous tense. This tense is formed by combining a verb stem and the verb "고 있다" (go itda), which means "to be doing".

<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|Korean Pronunciation]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
== Forming Progressive Tense Verbs ==

To form the progressive tense, we simply add "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

* 가다 (gada) - to go
* 가 + 고 있다 = 가고 있다 (gago itda) - to be going
* 먹다 (meokda) - to eat
* 먹 + 고 있다 = 먹고 있다 (meokgo itda) - to be eating

* 사다 (sada) - to buy
* 사 + 고 있다 = 사고 있다 (sago itda) - to be buying
* 쓰다 (sseuda) - to write, to use, to put on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)
* 쓰 + 고 있다 = 쓰고 있다 (sseugo itda) - to be writing, to be using, to be putting on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)

== Using Progressive Tense in Sentences ==

Once you have formed the progressive tense verbs, you can use them in sentences to describe ongoing actions. Here are some examples:

* 저는 책을 읽고 있어요. (Jeoneun chaekeul ilggo isseoyo.) - I am reading a book.
* 지금 밥을 먹고 있어요. (Jigeum bab-eul meokgo isseoyo.) - I am eating lunch now.
* 그들은 영화를 보고 있어요. (Geudeureun yeonghwaleul bogo isseoyo.) - They are watching a movie.

Notice that the subject marker "은/는" (eun/neun) is added after the subject, and the object marker "을/를" (eul/reul) is added after the object. Then, the progressive tense verb is added after the object marker.

== Irregular Verbs ==

There are a few irregular verbs when it comes to forming the progressive tense. They are:

* 오다 (oda) - to come
* 와 + 고 있다 = 와고 있다 (wago itda) - to be coming
* 있다 (itda) - to exist, to be
* 있 + 고 있다 = 있고 있다 (itgo itda) - to be in a state of existence
* 없다 (eomneunda) - to not exist, to not have
* 없 + 고 있다 = 없고 있다 (eopgo itda) - to not have

== Exceptions ==

There are some cases where the progressive tense is not used, such as when talking about habitual actions or actions that take only a short time to complete. In those cases, we use the simple present tense instead.

== Summary ==

Congratulations! Now you know how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean! You have learned how to find the verb stem and add "고 있다" to form this tense. You also learned about irregular verbs and when to use the simple present tense instead of the progressive tense. Keep practicing to get more comfortable using this tense in your day-to-day conversations.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://learnkorean24.com/korean-present-progressive-tense/ Korean Present Progressive Tense | ~ 고 있어요 - LearnKorean24]
* [https://koreanjun.com/core-grammar/present-progressive-tense/ Present Progressive Tense - Korean Jun]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense
|keywords=Korean language, Korean grammar, progressive tense, continuous tense, forming progressive tense verbs, verb stem, using progressive tense in sentences, irregular verbs, exceptions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean. We will cover everything from forming progressive tense verbs to using them in sentences to describe ongoing actions.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Korean Grammar - Present Progressive Tense - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa_ZcNcSmO0</youtube>

===Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VcXJDvtNEk</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Subject and Object Markers]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense

2023-03-30T10:58:45Z

BetterSituations: /* Forming Progressive Tense Verbs */ fixed the progressive form of '쓰다'

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense</div>

__TOC__

As a beginner in learning Korean language, you might have got a hang of using different verb tenses, such as past tense and future tense. But what about actions that are ongoing? In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean, also known as the continuous tense. This tense is formed by combining a verb stem and the verb "고 있다" (go itda), which means "to be doing".

<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|Korean Pronunciation]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
== Forming Progressive Tense Verbs ==

To form the progressive tense, first, we need to find the verb stem. For verbs ending in a vowel, we simply add the vowel "ㅣ" (i) before "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

* 가다 (gada) - to go
* 가 + 고 있다 = 가고 있다 (gago itda) - to be going
* 먹다 (meokda) - to eat
* 먹 + 고 있다 = 먹고 있다 (meokgo itda) - to be eating

For verbs that end with a consonant, we add "으" (eu) before "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

* 사다 (sada) - to buy
* 사 + 고 있다 = 사고 있다 (sago itda) - to be buying
* 쓰다 (sseuda) - to write
* 쓰 + 고 있다 = 쓰고 있다 (sseugo itda) - to be writing

== Using Progressive Tense in Sentences ==

Once you have formed the progressive tense verbs, you can use them in sentences to describe ongoing actions. Here are some examples:

* 저는 책을 읽고 있어요. (Jeoneun chaekeul ilggo isseoyo.) - I am reading a book.
* 지금 밥을 먹고 있어요. (Jigeum bab-eul meokgo isseoyo.) - I am eating lunch now.
* 그들은 영화를 보고 있어요. (Geudeureun yeonghwaleul bogo isseoyo.) - They are watching a movie.

Notice that the subject marker "은/는" (eun/neun) is added after the subject, and the object marker "을/를" (eul/reul) is added after the object. Then, the progressive tense verb is added after the object marker.

== Irregular Verbs ==

There are a few irregular verbs when it comes to forming the progressive tense. They are:

* 오다 (oda) - to come
* 와 + 고 있다 = 와고 있다 (wago itda) - to be coming
* 있다 (itda) - to exist, to be
* 있 + 고 있다 = 있고 있다 (itgo itda) - to be in a state of existence
* 없다 (eomneunda) - to not exist, to not have
* 없 + 고 있다 = 없고 있다 (eopgo itda) - to not have

== Exceptions ==

There are some cases where the progressive tense is not used, such as when talking about habitual actions or actions that take only a short time to complete. In those cases, we use the simple present tense instead.

== Summary ==

Congratulations! Now you know how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean! You have learned how to find the verb stem and add "고 있다" to form this tense. You also learned about irregular verbs and when to use the simple present tense instead of the progressive tense. Keep practicing to get more comfortable using this tense in your day-to-day conversations.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://learnkorean24.com/korean-present-progressive-tense/ Korean Present Progressive Tense | ~ 고 있어요 - LearnKorean24]
* [https://koreanjun.com/core-grammar/present-progressive-tense/ Present Progressive Tense - Korean Jun]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense
|keywords=Korean language, Korean grammar, progressive tense, continuous tense, forming progressive tense verbs, verb stem, using progressive tense in sentences, irregular verbs, exceptions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean. We will cover everything from forming progressive tense verbs to using them in sentences to describe ongoing actions.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Korean Grammar - Present Progressive Tense - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa_ZcNcSmO0</youtube>

===Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VcXJDvtNEk</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Subject and Object Markers]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Means-of-Transportation

2023-03-30T10:57:36Z

BetterSituations: /* Taxi */ improved pronunciations

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Daily-Activities|◀️ Daily Activities — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Weather-and-Seasons|Next Lesson — Weather and Seasons ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary → Daily Routine → Means of Transportation</div>

__TOC__

As we go about our daily lives, transportation plays a critical role in moving from one place to another. In this lesson, we will learn about the various means of transportation available in Korean cities and countryside. We will also learn useful Korean vocabulary related to getting around.

<span link>Don't hesitate to look into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]] & [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]].</span>
== Public Transportation ==
Public transportation is widely available and affordable in Korea. Below are some of the most common forms of public transportation.

=== Subway ===
Korea has an extensive subway network that connects various parts of the city. It is fast, convenient, and affordable. Most subway stations have signs and announcements in English as well.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 지하철 || jihacheol || subway
|-
| 역 || yeok || station
|-
| 타다 || tada || to take
|-
| 내리다 || naerida || to get off
|-
| 환승 || hwansseung || transfer
|}

=== Bus ===
Buses are another popular means of transportation in Korea. They run frequently and have routes that cover a wide area of the city. The buses are color-coded according to their routes.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 버스 || beoseu || bus
|-
| 정류장 || jeongnyujang || bus stop
|-
| 시내버스 || sinae beoseu || city bus
|-
| 간선버스 || ganseon beoseu || cross-country bus
|-
| 광역버스 || gwangyeok beoseu || express bus
|}

=== Taxi ===
Taxis are convenient for short trips and for getting around during late-night hours. They are more expensive than public transportation, but they are comfortable and widely available.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 택시 || taeksi || taxi
|-
| 기본요금 || gibon yogeum || basic fare
|-
| 할인 || harin || discount
|-
| 뒷문 || dwinmun || back door
|-
| 운전사 || unjeonsa || driver
|}

== Private Transportation ==
Private transportation is another option in Korea. However, owning and maintaining a car can be expensive. Below are some useful words and phrases related to private transportation.

=== Car ===
Cars are the most popular form of private transportation in Korea. However, driving in Korea can be challenging due to traffic congestion and narrow roads.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 자동차 || jadongcha || car
|-
| 운전 || unjeon || driving
|-
| 교통체증 || gyotongchejeung || traffic jam
|-
| 교통사고 || gyotongsago || traffic accident
|-
| 주차 || jucha || parking
|}

=== Bicycle ===
Bicycles are an eco-friendly and healthy way to get around. Many cities in Korea have bicycle rental programs and designated bike lanes.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 자전거 || jajeongeo || bicycle
|-
| 대여소 || daeyeoso || rental station
|-
| 자전거 도로 || jajeongeo doro || bicycle lane
|-
| 잠금 장치 || jamgeum jangchi || lock
|-
| 안전모 || anjeonmo || helmet
|}

Whether you choose public or private transportation, it is important to know how to get around comfortably and safely. With the above vocabulary, you are better equipped to navigate the streets of Korea.

== Exercises ==
* Match the Korean transportation word on the left with its English equivalent on the right:
# 지하철
# 역
# 버스
# 정류장
# 택시

a. taxi
b. subway
c. station
d. bus
e. bus stop

* Fill in the blank with the appropriate Korean word:
# I want to take a __________ to the station.
# This is the last __________ to the city center.
# The __________ is stuck in traffic.
# I parked my __________ on the street.
# She rented a __________ to sightsee in the park.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://ling-app.com/ko/korean-vocabulary-about-transportation/ 45 Helpful Korean Vocabulary About Transportation - Ling App]
* [https://learnkorean24.com/transportation/ Korean Modes Of Transport Vocabulary - LearnKorean24]
* [https://www.lingohut.com/en/v774689/korean-lessons-transportation Korean lessons: Transportation]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Daily Routine - Means of Transportation
|keywords=Korean, vocabulary, lesson, daily routine, means of transportation, subway, bus, taxi, car, bicycle
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to talk about moving around in a city or country, and the means of transportation available in Korea. Improve your Korean vocabulary today!
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Shopping-Vocabulary|Shopping Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health-Vocabulary|Health Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body-Parts|Body Parts]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Sightseeing-Vocabulary|Sightseeing Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Travel Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Family-and-Friends|Family and Friends]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Exercise-and-Fitness-Vocabulary|Exercise and Fitness Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Daily-Activities|◀️ Daily Activities — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Weather-and-Seasons|Next Lesson — Weather and Seasons ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers

2023-03-30T10:56:09Z

BetterSituations: /* Subject Markers */ fixed an error

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|◀️ Korean Pronunciation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Hello-and-Goodbye|Next Lesson — Hello and Goodbye ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Korean Alphabets → Subject and Object Markers</div>
__TOC__

By the end of this lesson, you will know how to use the subject and object markers and create subject-object-verb sentences. You will also get introduced to Korean sentence structure.

<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]].</span>
== Korean Sentence Structure ==
Korean sentence structure is generally subject-object-verb, meaning that the subject of the sentence is followed by the object, which is then followed by the verb. This is different from English, which typically follows a subject-verb-object structure.

There are some exceptions to this rule, such as when using adverbs, prepositions or conjunctions. It is important to remember that the subject and object markers are crucial for understanding the Korean sentence structure.

== Subject Markers ==
The subject markers in Korean are "이/가" (i/ga). They are used to mark the subject of the sentence. "이" is used after consonants, and "가" is used after vowels. Knowing which one to use can take some practice, but it becomes easier with time.

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 저는 || jeo-neun || I
|-
| 사과가 || sa-gwa-ga || the apple
|-
| 학생이 || hak-saeng-i || the student
|-
| 배가 || bae-ga || stomach
|}

Note that in English, the equivalent of the subject marker is simply the subject pronoun.

== Object Markers ==
The object markers in Korean are "을/를" (eul/reul). They are used to mark the object of the sentence. "을" is used after consonants, and "를" is used after vowels.

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 책을 || chaek-eul || the book
|-
| 사람을 || sa-ram-eul || the person
|-
| 물을 || mul-eul || water
|-
| 고양이를 || go-yang-i-reul || the cat
|}

Note that in English, the equivalent of the object marker is simply the object noun.

== Subject-Object-Verb Sentences ==
In Korean, subject-object-verb (SOV) word order is the most common. Here are some examples of SOV sentences using the subject and object markers:

* 저는 고양이를 좋아해요. (jeo-neun go-yang-i-reul jo-a-hae-yo.) - I like cats.
* 엄마가 물을 마셨어요. (eom-ma-ga mul-eul ma-syeoss-eo-yo.) - Mom drank water.
* 학생이 책을 읽어요. (hak-saeng-i chaek-eul il-geo-yo.) - The student reads the book.

It is important to note that by adding the object marker, it is clear which noun is the object of the sentence. Without the object marker, the meaning can become ambiguous.

== Using 모든 (modeun) and 각 (gak) with Subject and Object Markers ==
Sometimes, when you want to specify "all" or "each" of something, you can use 모든 (modeun) or 각 (gak) with the subject or object marker.

Here are some examples:

* 모든 학생이 시험을 볼 거예요. (modeun hak-saeng-i si-heom-eul bol geo-ye-yo.) - All students will take the test.
* 각 부모님은 자녀를 사랑합니다. (gak bu-mo-nim-eun ja-nyeo-reul sa-rang-ham-ni-da.) - Each parent loves their child.

== Practice ==
Here are some sentences for you to try and analyze the subject and object markers:

1. 눈이 너무 아파요.
2. 엄마가 밥을 해 주셨어요.
3. 나는 노래를 잘 못해요.

Can you identify which word is the subject and which word is the object?

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://blogs.transparent.com/korean/object-marking-particles-in-korean/ Object Marking Particles In Korean | Korean Language Blog]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-particles/ Korean Particles – Using Subject, Object, and Topic Markers]
* [https://koreanjun.com/core-grammar/subject-object-markers/ Markers for Subject & Object - Korean Jun : 100% Korean Grammar]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar: Korean Alphabets → Subject and Object Markers
|keywords=Korean, Grammar, Alphabets, Subject Markers, Object Markers, SOV Sentences, Korean language, modeun, gak
|description=By the end of this lesson, you will know how to use the subject and object markers and create subject-object-verb sentences. You will also get introduced to Korean sentence structure.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Korean Topic, Subject, and Object Markers - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzMfxHeh_Wo</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense|Progressive Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-Things|Describing Things]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Reading-and-writing-Korean-Alphabets|Reading and writing Korean Alphabets]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|◀️ Korean Pronunciation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Hello-and-Goodbye|Next Lesson — Hello and Goodbye ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers

2023-03-30T10:55:31Z

BetterSituations: /* Object Markers */ fixed an error

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|◀️ Korean Pronunciation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Hello-and-Goodbye|Next Lesson — Hello and Goodbye ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Korean Alphabets → Subject and Object Markers</div>
__TOC__

By the end of this lesson, you will know how to use the subject and object markers and create subject-object-verb sentences. You will also get introduced to Korean sentence structure.

<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]].</span>
== Korean Sentence Structure ==
Korean sentence structure is generally subject-object-verb, meaning that the subject of the sentence is followed by the object, which is then followed by the verb. This is different from English, which typically follows a subject-verb-object structure.

There are some exceptions to this rule, such as when using adverbs, prepositions or conjunctions. It is important to remember that the subject and object markers are crucial for understanding the Korean sentence structure.

== Subject Markers ==
The subject markers in Korean are "이/가" (i/ga). They are used to mark the subject of the sentence. "이" is used after vowels, and "가" is used after consonants. Knowing which one to use can take some practice, but it becomes easier with time.

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 저는 || jeo-neun || I
|-
| 사과가 || sa-gwa-ga || the apple
|-
| 학생이 || hak-saeng-i || the student
|-
| 배가 || bae-ga || stomach
|}

Note that in English, the equivalent of the subject marker is simply the subject pronoun.

== Object Markers ==
The object markers in Korean are "을/를" (eul/reul). They are used to mark the object of the sentence. "을" is used after consonants, and "를" is used after vowels.

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 책을 || chaek-eul || the book
|-
| 사람을 || sa-ram-eul || the person
|-
| 물을 || mul-eul || water
|-
| 고양이를 || go-yang-i-reul || the cat
|}

Note that in English, the equivalent of the object marker is simply the object noun.

== Subject-Object-Verb Sentences ==
In Korean, subject-object-verb (SOV) word order is the most common. Here are some examples of SOV sentences using the subject and object markers:

* 저는 고양이를 좋아해요. (jeo-neun go-yang-i-reul jo-a-hae-yo.) - I like cats.
* 엄마가 물을 마셨어요. (eom-ma-ga mul-eul ma-syeoss-eo-yo.) - Mom drank water.
* 학생이 책을 읽어요. (hak-saeng-i chaek-eul il-geo-yo.) - The student reads the book.

It is important to note that by adding the object marker, it is clear which noun is the object of the sentence. Without the object marker, the meaning can become ambiguous.

== Using 모든 (modeun) and 각 (gak) with Subject and Object Markers ==
Sometimes, when you want to specify "all" or "each" of something, you can use 모든 (modeun) or 각 (gak) with the subject or object marker.

Here are some examples:

* 모든 학생이 시험을 볼 거예요. (modeun hak-saeng-i si-heom-eul bol geo-ye-yo.) - All students will take the test.
* 각 부모님은 자녀를 사랑합니다. (gak bu-mo-nim-eun ja-nyeo-reul sa-rang-ham-ni-da.) - Each parent loves their child.

== Practice ==
Here are some sentences for you to try and analyze the subject and object markers:

1. 눈이 너무 아파요.
2. 엄마가 밥을 해 주셨어요.
3. 나는 노래를 잘 못해요.

Can you identify which word is the subject and which word is the object?

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://blogs.transparent.com/korean/object-marking-particles-in-korean/ Object Marking Particles In Korean | Korean Language Blog]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-particles/ Korean Particles – Using Subject, Object, and Topic Markers]
* [https://koreanjun.com/core-grammar/subject-object-markers/ Markers for Subject & Object - Korean Jun : 100% Korean Grammar]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar: Korean Alphabets → Subject and Object Markers
|keywords=Korean, Grammar, Alphabets, Subject Markers, Object Markers, SOV Sentences, Korean language, modeun, gak
|description=By the end of this lesson, you will know how to use the subject and object markers and create subject-object-verb sentences. You will also get introduced to Korean sentence structure.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Korean Topic, Subject, and Object Markers - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzMfxHeh_Wo</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense|Progressive Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-Things|Describing Things]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Reading-and-writing-Korean-Alphabets|Reading and writing Korean Alphabets]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|◀️ Korean Pronunciation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Hello-and-Goodbye|Next Lesson — Hello and Goodbye ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation

2023-03-30T10:50:43Z

BetterSituations: /* Basic Consonant Sounds */ fixed the pronunciation of ㅇ

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Reading-and-writing-Korean-Alphabets|◀️ Reading and writing Korean Alphabets — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Next Lesson — Subject and Object Markers ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Korean Alphabets → Korean Pronunciation</div>
__TOC__

As a Korean language teacher with 20 years of experience, I understand the importance of pronunciation when learning a new language. In this lesson, you will learn the correct pronunciation of Korean words by mastering the 14 basic Korean sounds.

=== Korean Alphabets ===
Before we dive into Korean sounds, it's essential to learn how to read and write the Korean alphabets or Hangul. The Korean script consists of 14 consonants and 10 vowels. Learning to read and write Hangul is relatively easy, and it will help you grasp Korean pronunciation better. You can find more information on Hangul on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangul Hangul wikipedia page].

=== Korean Pronunciation ===
In Korean, pronunciation is critical since different letter sounds can change the meaning of a word entirely. Therefore, mastering Korean pronunciation is crucial to communicate effectively with Koreans. The Korean language has 14 basic consonant sounds and ten vowel sounds.

==== Basic Consonant Sounds ====
Let's take a look at the chart below to learn the 14 basic consonant sounds in Korean:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ㄱ || /k/ || G as in "Go"
|-
| ㄴ || /n/ || N as in "New"
|-
| ㄷ || /t/ || D as in "Dog"
|-
| ㄹ || /ɾ/ || L as in "Love"
|-
| ㅁ || /m/ || M as in "Mother"
|-
| ㅂ || /p/ || B as in "Boy"
|-
| ㅅ || /s/ || S as in "Sit"
|-
| ㅇ || /ŋ/ || Silent or Ng as in "sing"
|-
| ㅈ || /tʃ/ || J as in "Jump"
|-
| ㅊ || /tʃʰ/ || Ch as in "Chair"
|-
| ㅋ || /kʰ/ || K as in "Kite"
|-
| ㅌ || /tʰ/ || T as in "Take"
|-
| ㅍ || /pʰ/ || P as in "Pink"
|-
| ㅎ || /h/ || H as in "House"
|}

Remember, the pronunciation of Korean letters can vary based on their position. For example, ㄱ is pronounced differently when placed at the beginning of the word, middle, or final position. You can find more information about how Korean letter sounds can differ according to their position on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_phonology Korean phonology wikipedia page].

==== Basic Vowel Sounds ====
Now let's take a look at the ten vowel sounds in Korean:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ㅏ || /a/ || A as in "Father"
|-
| ㅓ || /ʌ/ || E as in "Set"
|-
| ㅗ || /o/ || O as in "Go"
|-
| ㅜ || /u/ || U as in "Blue"
|-
| ㅡ || /ɯ/ || OO as in "Moon"
|-
| ㅣ || /i/ || EE as in "See"
|-
| ㅐ || /ɛ/ || E as in "Red"
|-
| ㅔ || /e/ || A as in "Gate"
|-
| ㅚ || /ø/ || EU as in "Peugeot"
|-
| ㅟ || /ɰi/ || WI as in "Queen"
|}

Note that Romanization can differ depending on the author or source. The table above provides a basis for Korean sounds, but it's best to learn and practice it through a native speaker, textbook, or Korean course.

=== Tips for mastering Korean pronunciation ===
Here are some tips to help you master Korean sounds and pronunciation:

* Practice individual sounds repeatedly.
* Pay attention to the differences between similar sounds, such as ㅂ (B) and ㅍ (P).
* Practice reading short words and phrases.
* Try to pick up the Korean accent by listening to Korean speakers.
* Watch Korean dramas or movies with subtitles to help you pick up Korean sounds.
* Record yourself and compare it to a native speaker's pronunciation.
* Practice regularly.

Remember, mastering Korean pronunciation takes practice and time, but it's well worth the effort to communicate effectively with Koreans.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://flexiclasses.com/korean/pronunciation/ Korean Pronunciation Rules | Tips & Tricks to Pronounce Korean ...]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language Korean language - Wikipedia]
* [https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit0/197-2/ Korean Pronunciation]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar → Korean Alphabets → Korean Pronunciation
|keywords=Korean pronunciation, Hangul, Korean sounds, Korean phonology, Korean vowels, Korean consonants
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the correct pronunciation of Korean words by mastering the 14 basic Korean sounds.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn 10 Korean pronunciation rules through ONE sentence ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Rtpq_N93YQ</youtube>

===Introduction to Korean Grammar - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsrSPsttDs8</youtube>

===How Similar are Japanese and Korean? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JB2ZCa2arqA</youtube>

===Korean Grammar in 1 Hour - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnBXyvCUgNs</youtube>

===Learn Korean in 4 Hours - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOr2iz2Pqr4</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-Things|Describing Things]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conjunctions|Conjunctions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Reading-and-writing-Korean-Alphabets|Reading and writing Korean Alphabets]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives|Comparatives and Superlatives]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Reading-and-writing-Korean-Alphabets|◀️ Reading and writing Korean Alphabets — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Next Lesson — Subject and Object Markers ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives

2023-03-30T10:42:47Z

BetterSituations: fixed '가장 싼' to '가장 싸다' and its romanization

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-Things|◀️ Describing Things — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food-and-Ingredients|Next Lesson — Food and Ingredients ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Describing People and Things → Comparatives and Superlatives</div>

__TOC__

Comparatives and superlatives are essential in describing people and things in more detail and with more complexity. In this lesson, I will teach you how to compare two or more things using comparatives and superlatives in Korean.

<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]].</span>
== Comparatives ==
Comparative adjectives are used to compare two nouns (people, things, or ideas) or two groups of nouns. In Korean, comparative adjectives can be formed in two ways:

1. When the stem ends with a vowel or ㄹ, add -보다 (-boda) to the end of the stem.
For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 작다 || jakda || small
|-
| 크다 || keuda || big
|-
| 예쁘다 || yeppeuda || pretty
|}
Examples:
* 제임스는 미리보다 작아요. (James-neun miri-boda jakayo) - James is smaller than Miri.
* 소녀는 소년보다 예쁘다. (Sonyeo-neun sonyeon-boda yeppeuda) - The girl is prettier than the boy.
* 선생님은 학생들보다 똑똑하다. (Seonsaengnim-eun haksaeng-deul-boda ttokttokhada) - The teacher is smarter than the students.

2. When the stem ends with a consonant (except ㄹ), replace the final consonant with -ㄴ/은 (-n/eun) and add -보다 (-boda) to the end of the stem.
For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 좋다 || jota || good
|-
| 싸다 || ssada || cheap
|-
| 빠르다 || bbareuda || fast
|}
Examples:
* 이 책은 그 책보다 더 좋아요. (I chaekeun geu chaek-boda deo johayo) - This book is better than that book.
* 그 신발은 이 신발보다 더 싸요. (Geu shinbareun i shinbal-boda deo ssayo) - Those shoes are cheaper than these shoes.
* 미국은 한국보다 더 크다. (Miguk-eun Hanguk-boda deo keuda) - The United States is bigger than Korea.

== Superlatives ==
Superlative adjectives are used to compare one noun with all the other nouns in the same group. In Korean, superlative adjectives can be formed in two ways:

1. Add -중에서 가장 (-jung-eseo gajang) to the end of the stem.
For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 가장 좋다 || gajang jota || the best
|-
| 가장 싸다 || gajang ssada || the cheapest
|-
| 가장 예쁘다 || gajang yeppeuda || the prettiest
|}
Examples:
* 이렇게 맛있는 음식은 내가 먹어본 음식 중에서 가장 좋아요. (Ireohge masinneun eumsik-eun naega meog-eobon eumsik jung-eseo gajang johayo) - This delicious food is the best food I've ever eaten.
* 그 옷은 이 쇼핑몰에서 팔고 있는 옷 중에서 가장 싸요. (Geu oseun i syopingmol-eseo palgo issneun ot jung-eseo gajang ssayo) - That clothes is the cheapest among the ones sold in this shopping mall.
* 나는 우리 반에서 가장 예쁜 여자라고 생각해요. (Naneun uri ban-eseo gajang yeppeun yeojara-go saenggakhaeyo) - I think I am the prettiest girl in our class.

2. Replace the final consonant with -ㄴ/은 (-n/eun) and add -중에서 가장 (-jung-eseo gajang) to the end of the stem.
For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 바쁘다 || bappeuda || busy
|-
| 빨리 || ppalli || fast
|-
| 높다 || nopda || high
|}
Examples:
* 이 시간대에 바쁜 회사 중에서 우리 회사가 가장 바쁘다. (I sigandaee bappeun hoesa jung-eseo uri hoesaga gajang bappeuda) - Among the busy companies at this hour, our company is the busiest.
* 이 비행기는 이 공항에서 출발하는 비행기 중에서 가장 빨리 도착해요. (I bihaenggi-neun i gonghang-eseo chulbalhaneun bihaenggi jung-eseo gajang ppalli dochakhaeyo) - This

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn Korean Ep. 101: More Than & Less Than (Comparatives ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_KJ5QSfNVw</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Question-Words|Question Words]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Reading-and-writing-Korean-Alphabets|Reading and writing Korean Alphabets]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conjunctions|Conjunctions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-17-25-2/lesson-19/ Lesson 19: Korean Comparatives and Superlatives: 더, 보다, 가장/제일]
* [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Korean/Comparatives_and_superlatives Korean/Comparatives and superlatives - Wikibooks, open books for ...]
* [https://www.learnkoreanlp.com/2008/10/comparatives-superlatives.html Comparatives & Superlatives | Learn Korean]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-Things|◀️ Describing Things — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food-and-Ingredients|Next Lesson — Food and Ingredients ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense

2023-03-30T10:40:32Z

BetterSituations: /* Future Perfect Tense */ fixed the second sentence

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Past-Tense|◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense|Next Lesson — Progressive Tense ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar - Future Tense</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will talk about the future tense in Korean. The future tense is used to talk about events or actions that will happen in the future. It is an essential part of understanding the Korean language.

__TOC__

<span link>After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]].</span>
== Basic Future Tense ==

To form the basic future tense in Korean, you can add the verb ending '-겠-' to the stem of the verb. The pronunciation of '-겠-' is similar to 'get'. This ending can be attached to both verbs and adjectives. The basic sentence structure of the future tense is:

- Verb stem + -겠- + Verb ending

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 저는 이따 해요 || jeoneun idda haeyo || I will do it later.
|-
| 저는 내일 갈 거예요 || jeoneun naeil gal geoyeyo || I will go tomorrow.
|-
| 저는 토요일에 시험을 볼 겁니다. || jeoneun toyoire siheomeul bol geopnida || I will take the test on Saturday.
|}

The basic future tense is used when you are certain that an action or event will occur in the future.

== Immediate Future Tense ==

The immediate future tense in Korean is used when you are about to do something. To form the immediate future tense, you can use the verb ending '-으려고 하다'. The pronunciation of '-으려고 하다' is similar to 'eu-ryeo-go ha-da'. The verb stem should be in its infinitive form without the 다. The basic sentence structure of the immediate future tense is:

- Verb stem + -으려고 하다

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 일어나려고 해요 || ireonaryeogo haeyo || I am about to get up.
|-
| 먹으려고 해요 || meogeuryeogo haeyo || I am about to eat.
|-
| 보러 가려고 해요 || boreo garyeogo haeyo || I am about to go see.
|}

== Future Continuous Tense ==

The future continuous tense in Korean is used to describe an action that will be happening in the future. To form the future continuous tense, you can use the verb ending '-ㄹ 거예요'. The pronunciation of '-ㄹ 거예요' is similar to 'l geo-ye-yo'. The basic sentence structure of the future continuous tense is:

- Verb stem + -을 거예요

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 저는 공부할 거예요 || jeoneun gongbuhar geoyeyo || I will be studying.
|-
| 저는 운동할 거예요 || jeoneun undonghar geoyeyo || I will be exercising.
|-
| 저는 요리할 거예요 || jeoneun yorihar geoyeyo || I will be cooking.
|}

== Future Perfect Tense ==

The future perfect tense in Korean is used to describe an action that will have been completed at some point in the future. To form the future perfect tense, you can use the verb ending '-ㄴ/은 후에'. The pronunciation of '-ㄴ/은 후에' is similar to 'n/eun hue-eh'. The basic sentence structure of the future perfect tense is:

- Verb stem + -ㄴ/은 후에

Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 움직이면 안 되는 거예요. 제가 다 배치한 후에 풀어 드리겠습니다. || Umjigimyeon an doeneun geoyeyo. Jega da baechihan hue tureo dorigesseumnida. || Don't move. I'll release you after I've arranged everything.
|-
| 저는 일 년 후에 돌아올 거예요. || jeoneun il nyeon hue doraol geoyeyo. || I will come back in a year.
|-
| 저는 퇴근한 후에 친구를 만나러 갈 거예요. || jeoneun toegunhan hue chingureul mannaleo gal geoyeyo || I will meet my friend after I finish work.
|}

== Future Tense with -(으)ㄹ게(요) ==

Another way to express the future tense in Korean is the phrase '-(으)ㄹ게(요)'. It is similar to saying 'I'll do it'. You can use this phrase to request something from someone, make a promise or describe your own plans. Here are some examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 간식을 사다 줄게요 || gansig-eul sada julgeyo || I will buy snacks.
|-
| 일요일에 만날게요 || iryoire mannalgeyo || I will meet you on Sunday.
|-
| 내일 공원에서 놀게요 || naeil gong-won-eseo nolgeyo || I will play in the park tomorrow.
|}

Remember that the ending '-게요' is used when talking to someone who is close to you, close in age or lower in the social hierarchy. If you are talking to someone older or higher in the social hierarchy, you should use the ending '-겠습니다'.

== Dialogue ==

* Person 1: 뭐 할 거예요? (mwo hal geoyeyo?) (What are you going to do?)
* Person 2: 친구랑 영화를 볼 거예요. (chingurang yeonghwaleul bol geoyeyo.) (I am going to see a movie with my friend.)

* Person 1: 언제 떠나시겠어요? (eonje tteona-sigess-eoyo?) (When will you leave?)
* Person 2: 내일 떠날 겁니다 (naeil tteonal geopnida). (I will leave tomorrow.)

* Person 1: 이번 주말에 뭐 할 거예요? (ibeon jumale mwo hal geoyeyo?) (What are you going to do this weekend?)
* Person 2: 친구들과 같이 여행을 가볼 거예요. (chingudeulgwa gachi yeohaengeul gabol geoyeyo). (I am going to travel with my friends.)

== Additional Tips ==

- To improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!
- To further expand your knowledge about future tense in Korean Grammer, check out the [[Language/Korean|Korean]] page on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language Wikipedia].

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/korean/korean-verb-conjugation/ Korean Verb Conjugation: A Beginner's Dream Guide to Mastery ...]
* [https://takelessons.com/blog/korean-future-tense-probable-future-z11 The Korean Future Tense Part 1 : Describing the Probable Future]
* [https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-5/ Lesson 5: Korean Conjugation: Past, Present, Future]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar - Future Tense
|keywords= Korean, grammar, future tense, Korea, language learning
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the future tense in the Korean language. Improve your grammar skills and communicate with more confidence!
}}

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

==Videos==

===How to make Korean FUTURE TENSE sentences (for absolute ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZjxikHNOds</youtube>

===How To Conjugate Korean Verbs Into Future Tense - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=994IrMREQyY</youtube>

===How to Conjugate Korean Verbs In Future Tense! [Easy Korean ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTegchiLFro</youtube>

===Make Korean Sentences with Verbs in Future tense - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HbacY6SGLS8</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Past-Tense|◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense|Next Lesson — Progressive Tense ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/English/Vocabulary/Words-with-different-spellings

2023-03-30T10:33:30Z

BetterSituations: added examples

Hi Polyglots!

Did you know that in English some words can be written in several different ways (they have different spellings).

Here is a list of the main words:

{| class="wikitable"
!English words
!Comment
|-
|Acknowledgment/acknowledgement
|acknowledgment, without the middle e, is preferred in U.S. and Canadian English, while acknowledgement is preferred outside North America.
|-
|Adviser/advisor
|In the U.S. and Canada, advisor is commonly used in official job titles, but adviser is still generally preferred over advisor in North America, and advisor is only marginally more common in American and Canadian English than in other varieties of English.
|-
|Aesthetic/esthetic
| You can you use both. The main difference between aesthetics and esthetics is that "aesthetic" is used in British English while "esthetics" is used in American English.
Aesthetics is a philosophical study that deals with the nature and appreciation of art, beauty, and taste.
|-
|Among/amongst
| Among is the earlier word of this pair: according to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', it first appeared in Old English. The variant form, amongst, is a later development, coming along in the Middle English period. With regard to their meanings, there’s no difference between among and amongst.
|-
|Analog/analogue
|
|-
|Archaeology/archeology
| Both spellings are correct. Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.
|-
|Ax/axe
| Ax is used in American English. Axe is used in British English (Australia and Canada side with the British spelling).
|-
|Barbecue/Barbeque/BBQ
|The abbreviated spelling, BBQ, is the most popular way to spell barbecue, while "barbecue" comes in second. "Barbeque" is a distant third.
|-
|Collectable/collectible
|Collectable is a state of being. Collectible is a being. They may be interchangeable, but the word 'collectible' is mostly used to name a class of objects (THINGS that are collected), while the word 'collectable' describes objects (things that CAN BE collected).
|-
|Color/colour
|
|-
|Disc/disk
|
|-
|Donut/doughnut
|
|-
|Enquire/inquire
|
|-
|Flavor/flavour
|
|-
|Flier/flyer
| The noun '''flier''' describes something or someone that flies. (In the United States, '''flier''' is occasionally used to denote a leaflet. However, '''flyer''' is more widely accepted for a leaflet.)
|-
|Gray/grey
|
|-
|Licence/license
| The noun is spelled either way, but the verb is always spelled ''license''.
|-
|Nite/night
| Even though you might see it on signs, ''nite'' is not (yet) an accepted spelling in standard English. It's a "cosy," informal way to spell ''night''.
|-
|Organise/organize
|
|-
|Theater/theatre
|
|-
|Toward/towards
|
|-
|Whiskey/whisky
|
|}

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/longest-word|longest word]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/Allow,-permit-and-let|Allow, permit and let]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/Diminutives|Diminutives]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/Useful-English-Acronyms-and-Abbreviations|Useful English Acronyms and Abbreviations]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/As,-because,-since-and-for|As, because, since and for]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/How-to-use-ON,-AT-and-IN|How to use ON, AT and IN]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/As-well-as|As well as]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/French-words-used-in-English|French words used in English]]
* [[Language/English/Vocabulary/At-Home|At Home]]
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week

2023-03-30T10:28:09Z

BetterSituations: /* Days of the Week in Korean */ fixed an error

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean - Days of the Week</div>
In today's lesson, we will learn about the days of the week in Korean. __TOC__

==Days of the Week in Korean==
The following table shows the words for the days of the week in Korean.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Word in Korean !! IPA pronunciation !! Translation in English
|-
| 월요일 || wʌɾjoil || Monday
|-
| 화요일 || ɸwajoil || Tuesday
|-
| 수요일 || sujoil || Wednesday
|-
| 목요일 || moɡjoil || Thursday
|-
| 금요일 || kɯmjoil || Friday
|-
| 토요일 || tʰojoil || Saturday
|-
| 일요일 || iɾjoil || Sunday
|}

==Dialogue==
Let's practice using the words above in a dialogue.

* 어제는 무슨 요일이었어요?
Yesterday was what day?
* 어제는 금요일이었어요.
Yesterday was Friday.
* 내일은 무슨 요일이에요?
What day is tomorrow?
* 내일은 토요일이에요.
Tomorrow is Saturday.
* 다음 주 월요일은 무슨 날이에요?
What day is Monday next week?
* 다음 주 월요일은 12일이에요.
Monday next week is the 12th.
* 이번 달 말은 무슨 요일이에요?
What day is the end of this month?
* 이번 달 말은 수요일이에요.
The end of this month is Wednesday.

==References==
* https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-days-of-the-week/
* https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/korean.php

==Videos==

===Days of the Week in Korean! (Must-Know) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGRtVIM2pHQ</youtube>

===DAYS OF THE WEEK in Korean (KWOW #14) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvHFJuvtD8U</youtube>

===Days of the Week in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lRYrg5gbYA</youtube>

===DAYS OF THE WEEK in Korean (weekdays, weekends, + special ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HU4SPNQFVbA</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Feelings-and-Emotions|Feelings and Emotions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]

* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
<span links></span>

Language/French/Pronunciation/b-and-p

2023-03-30T02:27:24Z

BetterSituations: fixed a grammatically incorrect sentence

[[File:French-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]]
<div class="pg_page_title">French Pronunciation: b and p</div>

Unlike English, when you pronounce the letters 'b' and 'p' in French, little to no air should be expended from your mouth.

In terms of phonetics, the difference in the French 'b' and 'p' and their English counterparts is one of aspiration (this is not related to the similarly named concept of 'h' aspiré below, but is a slight extra puff of air that accompanies the stop).

Fortunately, in English both aspirated and unaspirated variants (allophones) actually exist, but only in specific environments.

If you're a native speaker, say the word 'pit' and then the word 'spit' out loud. Did you notice the extra puff of air in the first word that doesn't come with the second?

The 'p' in 'pit' is aspirated [pʰ]; the 'p' in 'spit' is not (like the 'p' in any position in French).

<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages:</span> [[Language/French/Pronunciation/France-Regional-Accents|France Regional Accents]], [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation|Learn the French Alphabet]], [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Accents-(advanced-level)|Accents (advanced level)]] & [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Aspirated-VS-non-aspirated-h|Aspirated VS non aspirated h]].
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Aspirated-VS-non-aspirated-h|Aspirated VS non aspirated h]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/France-Regional-Accents|France Regional Accents]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Accents-(advanced-level)|Accents (advanced level)]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation|Alphabet and Pronunciation]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Accents|Accents]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Liaisons|Liaisons]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/How-to-pronounce-R|How to pronounce R]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Silent-Final-Consonants|Silent Final Consonants]]
* [[Language/French/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation|Alphabet and Pronunciation]]
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Pronunciation/Complex-finals

2023-03-29T23:27:18Z

BetterSituations: /* Pronounce the left side if it is followed by a consonant */ fixed ㄺ, added information

[[File:Korean-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]]
In Korean, memorizing the pronunciation of complex finals can be quite challenging. However, with several repetitions, you will eventually get the hang of it. To further improve your Korean language skills, you can learn more about Korean greetings such as 안녕 by visiting this [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question/10001 How to say hello and goodbye] page. And if you're interested in mastering Korean pronunciation and writing Korean syllables, don't forget to read our guide on [[Language/Korean/Pronunciation/How-to-write-Korean-syllables|Korean Pronunciation - How to write Korean syllables]]. Keep practicing and enjoy your Korean language journey! 😊🇰🇷
== Pronounce the left side if it is followed by a consonant ==
*ㄳ, ㄵ, ㄽ, ㄾ, ㅄ

*ㄼ - in most cases.

*ㄶ, ㅀ - 1. if followed by a vowel, drop ㅎ ; 2. if followed by one of these consonants: ㅈ, ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅅ, then the consonants become ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅆ respectively.

*ㄺ - if followed by ㄱ which is not a part of a particle (for example, the '과' in '닭과' is a particle) but a part of a suffix.

== Pronounce the right side if it is followed by a consonant ==
*ㄻ, ㄿ

*ㄺ - if not followed by ㄱ or followed by a ㄱ which is a part of a particle.

*ㄼ - in several cases, most notably in '밟다 (to step on)'.

==Links==
[[Language/Korean/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation|Korean Alphabet and Pronunciation]]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Pronunciation/Write-and-Pronounce-Korean-Vowels|Write and Pronounce Korean Vowels]]
* [[Language/Korean/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation|Alphabet and Pronunciation]]
* [[Language/Korean/Pronunciation/How-to-write-Korean-syllables|How to write Korean syllables]]
<span links></span>

Language/Spanish/Grammar/Descriptive-Adjectives

2023-03-29T23:13:16Z

BetterSituations: /* Descriptive Adjectives */ fixed an error

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Reflexive-Verbs|◀️ Reflexive Verbs — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Demonstrative-Adjectives|Next Lesson — Demonstrative Adjectives ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Spanish-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Spanish Grammar → Adjectives → Descriptive Adjectives</div>

__TOC__

As a Spanish language teacher with 20 years of experience, I have seen many students struggle with the use of adjectives in Spanish. This can be particularly challenging for English speakers since the adjective usually comes after the noun in Spanish. However, mastering adjectives is crucial for communicating effectively in Spanish. In this lesson, I will introduce descriptive adjectives and provide examples of how to use them correctly.

<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Orientación-sobre-el-uso-de-Articulos|Orientación sobre el uso de Articulos]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/El-tiempo-presente|El tiempo presente]].</span>
== Descriptive Adjectives ==

Descriptive adjectives are used to describe nouns, and they agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. For example, if we are describing a feminine noun in the singular, the adjective must also be feminine and singular. In the plural, it must also agree in gender and number with the noun. Here are some examples:

* El libro rojo (The red book)
* La casa grande (The big house)
* Los perros negros (The black dogs)
* Las flores bonitas (The pretty flowers)

As you can see, the adjective always comes after the noun. In Spanish, the order is always: article + noun + adjective. Another important point to remember is that adjectives that end in -o have different endings depending on whether they modify a masculine or feminine noun.

If we are modifying a masculine noun, the adjective ends in -o. For example:

* El chico alto (The tall boy)
* El gato negro (The black cat)

But if we are modifying a feminine noun, the adjective changes to -a. For example:

* La chica alta (The tall girl)
* La gata negra (The black cat)

In the plural, the masculine form ends in -os, and the feminine form ends in -as. For example:

* Los chicos altos (The tall boys)
* Las chicas altas (The tall girls)

Now, let's see how to use descriptive adjectives with a few examples.

=== Examples ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Spanish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| El coche amarillo || El koh-che a-ma-REE-yoh || The yellow car
|-
| La casa limpia || La KA-sa leem-pya || The clean house
|-
| Los perros grandes || Los PE-rros GRAN-des || The big dogs
|-
| Las flores rojas || Las FLO-res RO-has || The red flowers
|}

In addition to the basic agreement of descriptive adjectives with the noun, there are a few other rules to follow. For example, if there are two or more adjectives modifying the same noun, they usually come in a fixed order. The order is usually:

1. Quantity or number
2. Quality
3. Size
4. Age
5. Shape
6. Color
7. Origin or nationality
8. Material
9. Purpose

For example, we would say:

* Cuatro grandes mesas negras (Four big black tables)
* Dos pequeñas cajas rojas (Two small red boxes)
* Tres enormes casas nuevas (Three huge new houses)

Remember that these rules are not set in stone and can be flexible in certain circumstances. But they provide a useful guide for beginners.

== Conclusion ==

Descriptive adjectives are an essential part of communicating in Spanish. By following the rules outlined in this lesson, you will be able to use adjectives correctly and make your Spanish sound more natural. Remember to pay attention to gender and number agreement, as well as the order of adjectives when there are multiple ones.

I hope this lesson has been helpful to you. Don't forget to practice, practice, practice!

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://spanishdictionary.cc/common-spanish-descriptive-adjectives Common Spanish descriptive adjectives | SpanishDictionary]
* [https://study.com/academy/lesson/adjective-agreement-in-spanish-grammar.html Adjective Agreement in Spanish Grammar - Video & Lesson ...]
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/spanish/common-spanish-adjectives/ Starter List of 50 Common Spanish Adjectives for Beginners ...]

<span link>Impressive work on finishing this lesson! Explore these additional pages to enhance your understanding: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Eso-Esto-Aquello|Eso Esto Aquello]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Los-Articulos|Los Articulos]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Spanish Grammar: Descriptive Adjectives Lesson
|keywords=Spanish, grammar, descriptive adjectives, gender, number agreement, order of adjectives
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use descriptive adjectives in Spanish and how to match them with nouns. By following the rules outlined in this lesson, you will be able...
}}

{{Spanish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Por-vs-Para|Por vs Para]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Articles|The Articles]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Common-Mistakes|Common Mistakes]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Spanish-Alphabet-and-Pronunciation|The Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Eso-Esto-Aquello|Eso Esto Aquello]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Indirect-Object-Pronouns|Indirect Object Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Los-Articulos|Los Articulos]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Present-Tense-Verbs|Present Tense Verbs]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/El-tiempo-presente|El tiempo presente]]

{{Spanish-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Reflexive-Verbs|◀️ Reflexive Verbs — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Demonstrative-Adjectives|Next Lesson — Demonstrative Adjectives ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Spanish-Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

2023-03-29T23:09:50Z

BetterSituations: /* How to Pronounce Spanish Letters */ added "Gü"

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Nouns-and-Gender|Next Lesson — Nouns and Gender ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Spanish-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Spanish Grammar → Introduction to Spanish → The Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation</div>

__TOC__

As a Spanish language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I am excited to introduce you to the Spanish alphabet and its correct pronunciation. In this lesson, you will learn the fundamentals of Spanish pronunciation and how to pronounce each letter correctly.

<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Negation|Negation]].</span>
== The Spanish Alphabet ==
The Spanish alphabet consists of 27 letters, which is one more than the English alphabet. The additional letter is called "Ñ" (eñe), and it is placed between the letters "N" and "O." The Spanish alphabet is pronounced differently from its English counterpart, so it is essential to learn the correct pronunciation of each letter to communicate effectively in Spanish.

Here are the 27 letters of the Spanish alphabet, along with their pronunciation and English translation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Spanish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| A || ah || A
|-
| B || bay || B
|-
| C || say || C
|-
| CH || cheh || CH
|-
| D || day || D
|-
| E || eh || E
|-
| F || eff-eh || F
|-
| G || hay || G
|-
| H || ah-cheh || H
|-
| I || ee || I
|-
| J || hoh-tah || J
|-
| K || ka || K
|-
| L || el || L
|-
| LL || eh-yeh || LL
|-
| M || emme || M
|-
| N || enne || N
|-
| Ñ || enyeh || Ñ
|-
| O || oh || O
|-
| P || pay || P
|-
| Q || coo || Q
|-
| R || err-reh || R
|-
| RR || err-reh erre || RR
|-
| S || ess || S
|-
| T || tay || T
|-
| U || oo || U
|-
| V || bay chikah || V
|-
| W || doh-blay bay chikah || W
|-
| X || eh-keys || X
|-
| Y || ee griega || Y
|-
| Z || setah || Z
|}

Note that "LL" and "RR" are no longer considered letters of the alphabet but unique sound blends. Furthermore, "CH" and "LL" are pronounced identically to their English counterparts.

== How to Pronounce Spanish Letters ==
The Spanish language has a specific set of pronunciation rules that apply to every letter in the alphabet. Here are some basic guidelines for pronouncing each letter:

- "A" is pronounced as "ah" in "car."

- "B" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "C" is pronounced as "th" in "think" when it comes before the letters "e" or "i", and like "k" when it comes before the other letters: casa (ka-sa).

- "Ch" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "D" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "E" is pronounced as "eh" in "met."

- "F" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "G" is pronounced as "ch" in "loch" when it comes before the letters "e" or "i" and like "g" in "go" when it comes before the other letters: gente (hen-teh).

- When "Gu" comes before the letters "e" or "i", it is pronounced like "g" in "go" (there is no "u" sound).

- "Gü" comes before "e" or "i" and is pronounced like "gu" in "penguin".

- "H" is silent in Spanish.

- "I" is pronounced as "ee" in "meet."

- "J" is pronounced as a throaty "h" sound.

- "K" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, except that it is not aspirated in Spanish.

- "L" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "Ll" sounds like the Spanish consonant "y" or as a voiced palatal lateral approximant (i.e. the palatal version of "l").

- "M" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "N" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "Ñ" is pronounced as "en-yeh" in "canyon."

- "O" is pronounced as "oh" in "rose."

- "P" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, except that it is not aspirated in Spanish.

- "Q" is always followed by a "u," and the combination is pronounced as "k" in "kite": queso (keh-so).

- "R" is rolled in Spanish when it comes at the start of a word or a morpheme, or when it is preceded by "l", "n", "s", or "z", and is a tap in other environments, unlike in English.

- "Rr" is always rolled in Spanish.

- "S" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "T" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, except that it is not aspirated in Spanish.

- "U" is pronounced as "oo" in "mood."

- "V" is pronounced as "b" in Spanish because the letter "v" is not commonly used.

- "W" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, and it is mostly used in borrowed words.

- "X" is pronounced as "ks" in "fox."

- "Y" is pronounced as Spanish "i" when it is a vowel, and similar to the English "y" in "you" but with more friction when it is a consonant.

- "Z" is pronounced as "th" in "thank" in Spain and "s" in Latin America.

Don't worry if it takes time to learn the correct pronunciation of each letter, practice makes perfect!

== Conclusion ==
Learning the Spanish alphabet and pronunciation is the foundation of any Spanish language journey. By mastering the pronunciation of each letter, you will be able to speak Spanish more fluently and communicate effectively with Spanish speakers. Keep practicing, and you'll have the Spanish alphabet down in no time!

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/spanish-alphabet-pronunciation Spanish Alphabet Pronunciation | SpanishDict]
* [https://letsspeakspanish.com/blog/spanish-alphabet/ The Spanish Alphabet - Spelling and Pronunciation]
* [https://www.busuu.com/en/spanish/alphabet Spanish Alphabet: A Complete Guide - Busuu]

<span link>Well done on mastering this lesson! Don't miss these related pages to expand your knowledge: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Articles|The Articles]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Spanish Grammar: Introduction to Spanish: The Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation
|keywords=Spanish, Alphabet, Pronunciation, Pronunciation rules, Spanish language, LL, RR, Spanish alphabet phonics, orthography, Spanish orthography
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the Spanish alphabet and how to correctly pronounce each letter. }}

{{Spanish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn Spanish - The Spanish Alphabets with examples and ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLmEdQ1pcAM</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/El-tiempo-presente|El tiempo presente]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be-(SER-and-ESTAR)|How to Use Be (SER and ESTAR)]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Masculine-and-Feminine|Masculine and Feminine]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Use-the-letters-V-and-B|Use the letters V and B]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Por-vs-Para|Por vs Para]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Sentense-Structure|Sentense Structure]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Present-Perfect-Tense|Present Perfect Tense]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Definite-and-Indefinite-Articles|Definite and Indefinite Articles]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]

{{Spanish-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Nouns-and-Gender|Next Lesson — Nouns and Gender ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Spanish-Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

2023-03-29T23:06:40Z

BetterSituations: /* How to Pronounce Spanish Letters */ fixed some pronunciations

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Nouns-and-Gender|Next Lesson — Nouns and Gender ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Spanish-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Spanish Grammar → Introduction to Spanish → The Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation</div>

__TOC__

As a Spanish language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I am excited to introduce you to the Spanish alphabet and its correct pronunciation. In this lesson, you will learn the fundamentals of Spanish pronunciation and how to pronounce each letter correctly.

<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Negation|Negation]].</span>
== The Spanish Alphabet ==
The Spanish alphabet consists of 27 letters, which is one more than the English alphabet. The additional letter is called "Ñ" (eñe), and it is placed between the letters "N" and "O." The Spanish alphabet is pronounced differently from its English counterpart, so it is essential to learn the correct pronunciation of each letter to communicate effectively in Spanish.

Here are the 27 letters of the Spanish alphabet, along with their pronunciation and English translation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Spanish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| A || ah || A
|-
| B || bay || B
|-
| C || say || C
|-
| CH || cheh || CH
|-
| D || day || D
|-
| E || eh || E
|-
| F || eff-eh || F
|-
| G || hay || G
|-
| H || ah-cheh || H
|-
| I || ee || I
|-
| J || hoh-tah || J
|-
| K || ka || K
|-
| L || el || L
|-
| LL || eh-yeh || LL
|-
| M || emme || M
|-
| N || enne || N
|-
| Ñ || enyeh || Ñ
|-
| O || oh || O
|-
| P || pay || P
|-
| Q || coo || Q
|-
| R || err-reh || R
|-
| RR || err-reh erre || RR
|-
| S || ess || S
|-
| T || tay || T
|-
| U || oo || U
|-
| V || bay chikah || V
|-
| W || doh-blay bay chikah || W
|-
| X || eh-keys || X
|-
| Y || ee griega || Y
|-
| Z || setah || Z
|}

Note that "LL" and "RR" are no longer considered letters of the alphabet but unique sound blends. Furthermore, "CH" and "LL" are pronounced identically to their English counterparts.

== How to Pronounce Spanish Letters ==
The Spanish language has a specific set of pronunciation rules that apply to every letter in the alphabet. Here are some basic guidelines for pronouncing each letter:

- "A" is pronounced as "ah" in "car."

- "B" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "C" is pronounced as "th" in "think" when it comes before the letters "e" or "i", and like "k" when it comes before the other letters: casa (ka-sa).

- "Ch" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "D" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "E" is pronounced as "eh" in "met."

- "F" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "G" is pronounced as "ch" in "loch" when it comes before the letters "e" or "i" and like "g" in "go" when it comes before the other letters: gente (hen-teh).

- When "Gu" comes before the letters "e" or "i", it is pronounced like "g" in "go" (there is no "u" sound).

- "H" is silent in Spanish.

- "I" is pronounced as "ee" in "meet."

- "J" is pronounced as a throaty "h" sound.

- "K" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, except that it is not aspirated in Spanish.

- "L" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "Ll" sounds like the Spanish consonant "y" or as a voiced palatal lateral approximant (i.e. the palatal version of "l").

- "M" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "N" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "Ñ" is pronounced as "en-yeh" in "canyon."

- "O" is pronounced as "oh" in "rose."

- "P" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, except that it is not aspirated in Spanish.

- "Q" is always followed by a "u," and the combination is pronounced as "k" in "kite": queso (keh-so).

- "R" is rolled in Spanish when it comes at the start of a word or a morpheme, or when it is preceded by "l", "n", "s", or "z", and is a tap in other environments, unlike in English.

- "Rr" is always rolled in Spanish.

- "S" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "T" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, except that it is not aspirated in Spanish.

- "U" is pronounced as "oo" in "mood."

- "V" is pronounced as "b" in Spanish because the letter "v" is not commonly used.

- "W" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, and it is mostly used in borrowed words.

- "X" is pronounced as "ks" in "fox."

- "Y" is pronounced as Spanish "i" when it is a vowel, and similar to the English "y" in "you" but with more friction when it is a consonant.

- "Z" is pronounced as "th" in "thank" in Spain and "s" in Latin America.

Don't worry if it takes time to learn the correct pronunciation of each letter, practice makes perfect!

== Conclusion ==
Learning the Spanish alphabet and pronunciation is the foundation of any Spanish language journey. By mastering the pronunciation of each letter, you will be able to speak Spanish more fluently and communicate effectively with Spanish speakers. Keep practicing, and you'll have the Spanish alphabet down in no time!

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/spanish-alphabet-pronunciation Spanish Alphabet Pronunciation | SpanishDict]
* [https://letsspeakspanish.com/blog/spanish-alphabet/ The Spanish Alphabet - Spelling and Pronunciation]
* [https://www.busuu.com/en/spanish/alphabet Spanish Alphabet: A Complete Guide - Busuu]

<span link>Well done on mastering this lesson! Don't miss these related pages to expand your knowledge: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Articles|The Articles]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Spanish Grammar: Introduction to Spanish: The Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation
|keywords=Spanish, Alphabet, Pronunciation, Pronunciation rules, Spanish language, LL, RR, Spanish alphabet phonics, orthography, Spanish orthography
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the Spanish alphabet and how to correctly pronounce each letter. }}

{{Spanish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn Spanish - The Spanish Alphabets with examples and ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLmEdQ1pcAM</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/El-tiempo-presente|El tiempo presente]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be-(SER-and-ESTAR)|How to Use Be (SER and ESTAR)]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Masculine-and-Feminine|Masculine and Feminine]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Use-the-letters-V-and-B|Use the letters V and B]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Por-vs-Para|Por vs Para]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Sentense-Structure|Sentense Structure]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Present-Perfect-Tense|Present Perfect Tense]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Definite-and-Indefinite-Articles|Definite and Indefinite Articles]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]

{{Spanish-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Nouns-and-Gender|Next Lesson — Nouns and Gender ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Spanish-Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

2023-03-29T22:54:23Z

BetterSituations: /* How to Pronounce Spanish Letters */ made it look neat

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Nouns-and-Gender|Next Lesson — Nouns and Gender ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Spanish-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Spanish Grammar → Introduction to Spanish → The Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation</div>

__TOC__

As a Spanish language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I am excited to introduce you to the Spanish alphabet and its correct pronunciation. In this lesson, you will learn the fundamentals of Spanish pronunciation and how to pronounce each letter correctly.

<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Negation|Negation]].</span>
== The Spanish Alphabet ==
The Spanish alphabet consists of 27 letters, which is one more than the English alphabet. The additional letter is called "Ñ" (eñe), and it is placed between the letters "N" and "O." The Spanish alphabet is pronounced differently from its English counterpart, so it is essential to learn the correct pronunciation of each letter to communicate effectively in Spanish.

Here are the 27 letters of the Spanish alphabet, along with their pronunciation and English translation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Spanish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| A || ah || A
|-
| B || bay || B
|-
| C || say || C
|-
| CH || cheh || CH
|-
| D || day || D
|-
| E || eh || E
|-
| F || eff-eh || F
|-
| G || hay || G
|-
| H || ah-cheh || H
|-
| I || ee || I
|-
| J || hoh-tah || J
|-
| K || ka || K
|-
| L || el || L
|-
| LL || eh-yeh || LL
|-
| M || emme || M
|-
| N || enne || N
|-
| Ñ || enyeh || Ñ
|-
| O || oh || O
|-
| P || pay || P
|-
| Q || coo || Q
|-
| R || err-reh || R
|-
| RR || err-reh erre || RR
|-
| S || ess || S
|-
| T || tay || T
|-
| U || oo || U
|-
| V || bay chikah || V
|-
| W || doh-blay bay chikah || W
|-
| X || eh-keys || X
|-
| Y || ee griega || Y
|-
| Z || setah || Z
|}

Note that "LL" and "RR" are no longer considered letters of the alphabet but unique sound blends. Furthermore, "CH" and "LL" are pronounced identically to their English counterparts.

== How to Pronounce Spanish Letters ==
The Spanish language has a specific set of pronunciation rules that apply to every letter in the alphabet. Here are some basic guidelines for pronouncing each letter:

- "A" is pronounced as "ah" in "car."

- "B" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "C" is pronounced as "th" in "think" when it comes before the letters "e" or "i", and like "k" when it comes before the other letters: casa (ka-sa).

- "D" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "E" is pronounced as "eh" in "met."

- "F" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "G" is pronounced like "h" in "ham" when it comes before the letters "e" or "i" and like "g" in "go" when it comes before the other letters: gente (hen-teh).

- "H" is silent in Spanish.

- "I" is pronounced as "ee" in "meet."

- "J" is pronounced as a throaty "h" sound.

- "K" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "L" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "M" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "N" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "Ñ" is pronounced as "en-yeh" in "canyon."

- "O" is pronounced as "oh" in "rose."

- "P" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "Q" is always followed by a "u," and the combination is pronounced as "k" in "kite": queso (keh-so).

- "R" is rolled in Spanish, unlike in English.

- "S" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "T" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English.

- "U" is pronounced as "oo" in "mood."

- "V" is pronounced as "b" in Spanish because the letter "v" is not commonly used.

- "W" sounds the same in Spanish as it does in English, and it is mostly used in borrowed words.

- "X" is pronounced as "ks" in "fox."

- "Y" is pronounced as "ee griega."

- "Z" is pronounced as "th" in "thank" in Spain and "s" in Latin America.

Don't worry if it takes time to learn the correct pronunciation of each letter, practice makes perfect!

== Conclusion ==
Learning the Spanish alphabet and pronunciation is the foundation of any Spanish language journey. By mastering the pronunciation of each letter, you will be able to speak Spanish more fluently and communicate effectively with Spanish speakers. Keep practicing, and you'll have the Spanish alphabet down in no time!

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/spanish-alphabet-pronunciation Spanish Alphabet Pronunciation | SpanishDict]
* [https://letsspeakspanish.com/blog/spanish-alphabet/ The Spanish Alphabet - Spelling and Pronunciation]
* [https://www.busuu.com/en/spanish/alphabet Spanish Alphabet: A Complete Guide - Busuu]

<span link>Well done on mastering this lesson! Don't miss these related pages to expand your knowledge: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/The-Articles|The Articles]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Spanish Grammar: Introduction to Spanish: The Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation
|keywords=Spanish, Alphabet, Pronunciation, Pronunciation rules, Spanish language, LL, RR, Spanish alphabet phonics, orthography, Spanish orthography
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the Spanish alphabet and how to correctly pronounce each letter. }}

{{Spanish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Spanish-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn Spanish - The Spanish Alphabets with examples and ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLmEdQ1pcAM</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/El-tiempo-presente|El tiempo presente]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be-(SER-and-ESTAR)|How to Use Be (SER and ESTAR)]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Masculine-and-Feminine|Masculine and Feminine]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Use-the-letters-V-and-B|Use the letters V and B]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Por-vs-Para|Por vs Para]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Sentense-Structure|Sentense Structure]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Present-Perfect-Tense|Present Perfect Tense]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Definite-and-Indefinite-Articles|Definite and Indefinite Articles]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]

{{Spanish-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Nouns-and-Gender|Next Lesson — Nouns and Gender ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors

2023-03-29T22:49:30Z

BetterSituations: /* Basic Colors */ fixed the meanings of the adjectives

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Colors</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn Korea's most commonly used colors, with their pronunciations and translations. Knowing colors in a foreign language is not only useful for daily conversations but it also helps better understanding a country's culture. Let's get started!<br>
Don't forget, to improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!<br>
__TOC__

== Basic Colors ==

The basic color names are not too difficult to learn but some of them are similar to each other. Don't worry, we will give you some tips to easily differentiate them.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검정 || geomjung || Black
|-
| 흰색 || huinsaek || White
|-
| 빨강 || ppalgang || Red
|-
| 주황 || juhwang || Orange
|-
| 노랑 || norang || Yellow
|-
| 초록 || chorok || Green
|-
| 파랑 || parang || Blue
|-
| 보라 || bora || Purple
|}

The following adjectives describing color are commonly used:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검다 || geomtta || To be black
|-
| 희다 || huida || To be white
|-
| 하얗다 || hayata || To be white
|-
| 붉다 || buktta || To be red
|-
| 빨갛다 || ppalgata || To be red
|-
| 노랗다 || norata || To be yellow
|-
| 푸르다 || pureuda || To be green, to be blue
|-
| 파랗다 || parata || To be blue
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for green (초록) contains the word 초 meaning beginning or start. You can remember it as fresh beginnings and new grass.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 이 재킷은 빨간데 어때요? (I jaekis-eun ppalgande eottaeyo?) (How do you like my red jacket?)
* Person 2: 정말 예쁘다. (Jeongmal yeppeuda.) (It's very pretty.)

== Intermediate Colors ==

These colors will help you to better describe what you see, and are useful when you want to express more specific colors. Get ready to expand your vocabulary!

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 연두색 || yeondusaek || Lime green
|-
| 오렌지색 || orenjisaek || Orange
|-
| 밝은 빨강 || balgeun ppalgang || Bright red
|-
| 진한 파랑 || jinhan parang || Dark blue
|-
| 연한 노랑 || yeonhan norang || Light yellow
|-
| 핑크 || pingkeu || Pink
|-
| 회색 || hoesaek || Grey
|-
| 갈색 || galsaek || Brown
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for pink (핑크) is pinku. This is a borrowed word from English.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 언니, 그 옷은 핑크예요? (Eonni, geu oseun pinku-yeyo?) (Sister, is that dress pink?)
* Person 2: 네, 이 옷은 핑크예요. (Ne, i oseun pinku-yeyo.) (Yes, this dress is pink.)

== Cultural Significance of Colors in Korea ==

Colors are important in every culture, and Korea is no exception. Here are some examples of the significance of colors in Korea:

=== Red ===

Red is considered an auspicious color in Korea, and is often used during special occasions such as weddings and other celebrations. In particular, red is believed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck.

=== White ===

Traditionally, Koreans wear white during funerals and show their respect by dressing in muted and subdued tones.

=== Yellow ===

Yellow is the color of royalty and was worn exclusively by the royal family during the Joseon Dynasty.

=== Green ===

Green symbolizes new beginnings, and is often associated with spring, new growth, and vitality.

=== Black ===

Black is a somber color often associated with mourning, although it is also worn as a sign of respect and formality.

And that's it for today's lesson on Korean colors. If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Colors
|keywords=Korean vocabulary, Korean colors, intermediate level, Polyglot Club, Korean culture
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the most commonly used colors in Korea, along with their cultural significance. Expand your vocabulary with intermediate level colors.
}}

==Videos==

===Color (색, 색깔) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HfXQzwvQcA</youtube>

===한국어 Learn Korean | Korean Words & Phrases: Color - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5KKII9jhek</youtube>

===How to say colors in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKmQXTpd0T8</youtube>

==="Colors Lesson" (Korean Lesson 05) CLIP -- Teach Colour Names ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sX2aKagTgI4</youtube>

===When should I add the Korean word 색 (saek) to colors? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayDABgYMWso</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* KoreanClass101. (n.d.). Korean colors: Everything you need to know. https://www.koreanclass101.com/korean-vocabulary-lists/colors/
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/colors-in-korean/ How to Learn a Rainbow of Colors in Korean]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/color-in-korean/ Colors in Korean - Complete list with all shades [2023]]
* [https://www.rocketlanguages.com/korean/lessons/colors-in-korean Colors in Korean - Rocket Languages]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/French/Vocabulary/Count-from-1-to-10/ko

2023-03-29T11:13:24Z

BetterSituations: 일관성 있게 수정

<div class="pg_page_title">🇫🇷 프랑스어 어휘 ➡ 10까지 세기 🔢</div> 안녕하세요, 프랑스어 학습자 분들. 😎

오늘 수업에서는 프랑스어로 1부터 10까지 세는 법을 배웁니다. 아래의 각 단계를 조심스럽게 따르세요. 주의 깊게 하면 수업이 끝날 때까지 프랑스어로 1에서 10까지 셀 수 있을 것입니다. 환상적이지 않습니까? 당신은 당신의 친구를 감동시킬 것입니다! 🤩


__TOC__

== 프랑스어로 1에서 10까지의 숫자 배우기 ==
# 각 녹음을 듣고 모국어와 프랑스어로 숫자를 크게 반복하십시오.
# 매번 다른 순서로 10회 수행합니다. '''➡ Tip''' : 화살표 클릭 <span class="notranslate">[[File:Arrow_column_sort.gif]]</span> 열 상단에서 행을 섞습니다.

=== 1에서 5까지의 숫자 ===


{| class="wikitable sortable"
!'''숫자'''
! '''프랑스 국민'''
! '''발음(IPA)'''
! '''발음(오디오 파일)'''
! '''번역'''
|-
| <span class="notranslate">1</span>
| <span class="notranslate">un</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[ɛ̃]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:One_french.mp3]]</span>
| 하나
|-
| <span class="notranslate">2</span>
| <span class="notranslate">deux</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[dö]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Two_french.mp3]]</span>
| 둘
|-
| <span class="notranslate">3</span>
| <span class="notranslate">trois</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[trwa]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Three_french.mp3]]</span>
| 셋
|-
| <span class="notranslate">4</span>
| <span class="notranslate">quatre</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[katr]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Four_french.mp3]]</span>
| 넷
|-
| <span class="notranslate">5</span>
| <span class="notranslate">cinq</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[sɛ̃k]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Five_french.mp3]]</span>
| 다섯
|}
발음하지 마십시오:
* <span class="notranslate">"deux"</span> 의 <span class="notranslate">"x"</span> "
* <span class="notranslate">"trois"</span> <span class="notranslate">"s"</span> "
* <span class="notranslate">"quatre"</span> 의 <span class="notranslate">"u"</span> "


=== 6에서 10까지의 숫자 ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! '''숫자'''
! '''프랑스 국민'''
! '''발음(IPA)'''
! '''발음(오디오 파일)'''
! '''번역'''
|-
| <span class="notranslate">6</span>
| <span class="notranslate">six</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[sis]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Six_french.mp3]]</span>
| 여섯
|-
| <span class="notranslate">7</span>
| <span class="notranslate">sept</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[set]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Seven_french.mp3]]</span>
| 일곱
|-
| <span class="notranslate">8</span>
| <span class="notranslate">huit</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[wit]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Eight_french.mp3]]</span>
| 여덟
|-
| <span class="notranslate">9</span>
| <span class="notranslate">neuf</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[noef]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Nine_french.mp3]]</span>
| 아홉
|-
| <span class="notranslate">10</span>
| <span class="notranslate">dix</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[dis]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Ten_french.mp3]]</span>
| 십
|}
발음하지 마십시오:
* <span class="notranslate">"sept"</span> 의 <span class="notranslate">"p"</span> "
* <span class="notranslate">"huit"</span> 의 <span class="notranslate">"h"</span> "


== 비디오 ==
* 방금 배운 내용을 복습하려면 다음 비디오를 시청하십시오.

=== 영어와 프랑스어로 10까지 세기 ===
<span class="notranslate"><youtube> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjqbIvJqPtc </youtube></span>

=== 프랑스어로 10까지 세기: 어린이를 위한 수업 ===
<span class="notranslate"><youtube> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRageyEvFVA </youtube></span>



== 지식 테스트 ==

=== 프랑스어에서 번역 ===
이것은 가장 쉬운 테스트여야 합니다.
* 기억력을 연습하십시오: 프랑스어 쓰기에서 숫자가 무엇인지 추측하십시오.


{| class="wikitable sortable"
!'''프랑스 국민'''
! '''숫자를 맞춰보세요:'''
|-
| <span class="notranslate">quatre</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">4</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">deux</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">2</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">dix</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">10</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">trois</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">3</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">huit</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">8</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">un</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">1</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">sept</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">7</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">cinq</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">5</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">neuf</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">9</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">six</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">6</span></div>
|}


=== 듣기 이해 ===
다음은 약간 더 어려운 테스트입니다.
* 듣기 이해력 연습: 각 녹음 내용을 듣습니다. 어떤 숫자인지 맞춰보세요.


{| class="wikitable sortable"
!'''발음(사운드 파일)'''
! '''숫자를 맞춰보세요:'''
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Ten_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">10</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Six_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">6</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Four_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">4</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:One_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">1</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Two_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">2</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Eight_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">8</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Seven_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">7</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Nine_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">9</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Five_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">5</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">[[File:Three_french.mp3]]</span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">3</span></div>
|}


=== 프랑스어로 번역 ===
마지막으로 가장 어려운 테스트:
* 기억력과 쓰기 능력을 연습하세요: 프랑스어로 각 숫자를 쓰세요:


{| class="wikitable sortable"
!'''숫자'''
! '''답변을 입력하세요.'''
! '''답변 보기:'''
|-
| <span class="notranslate">2</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">deux</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">4</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">quatre</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">1</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">un</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">3</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">trois</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">8</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">huit</span></div>
|}


{| class="wikitable sortable"
!'''숫자'''
! '''답변을 입력하세요.'''
! '''답변 보기:'''
|-
| <span class="notranslate">10</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">dix</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">9</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">neuf</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">5</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">cinq</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">6</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">six</span></div>
|-
| <span class="notranslate">7</span>
| <span class="notranslate"><inputbox>
type=create
width=15
</inputbox></span>
| <span class="notranslate">?</span><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <span class="notranslate">sept</span></div>
|}
<span class="notranslate">__NOCACHE__</span>



[[Category:French/Beginner]]

[[Category:Count-from-1-to-10]]

{{#seo:
|title=🇫🇷 프랑스어로 10까지 세는 법 🔢
|description=프랑스어로 계산하는 방법을 배웁니다. 읽고 듣습니다. 어휘 수업.
}}

==Videos==

===Count to 10 in French - One to Ten Numbers Counting, Translation ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjqbIvJqPtc</youtube>

Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Animals

2023-03-29T11:01:18Z

BetterSituations: /* Vocabulary */ fixed 'pheasant'

{{Japanese-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Vocabulary - Animals</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/japanese Japanese] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Japanese.

__TOC__

<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Transport|Transport]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week|Days of the Week]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Basic-Workplace-and-Business-Terminology|Basic Workplace and Business Terminology]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Basic-Directions-and-Transportation|Basic Directions and Transportation]].</span>
== Vocabulary ==

Let's start with some basic animals:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 猫 (ねこ) || neko || Cat
|-
| 犬 (いぬ) || inu || Dog
|-
| 鳥 (とり) || tori || Bird
|-
| 魚 (さかな) || sakana || Fish
|}

It's important to note that Japanese people refer to animals by the sound they make. For example, a frog is called "kaeru" because that's the sound they make in Japan.

Here are some more animals you might encounter in Japan:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| キジ || kiji || Pheasant
|-
| 猿 (さる) || saru || Monkey
|-
| 海獣 (かいじゅう) || kaijuu || Marine animal
|-
| 蛙 (かえる) || kaeru || Frog
|}

Japanese people also have cultural associations with certain animals. For example, the crane is a symbol of longevity and good luck. The tanuki, a raccoon-like animal, is a symbol of mischief and trickery.

== Interesting Facts ==

- Japan has a cat island called "Tashirojima" where the cat population is larger than the human population.

- In Japan, deer are considered sacred creatures and roam freely in Nara, a city in the Kansai region. Visitors are allowed to feed the deer special crackers, called "shika senbei."

- The Japanese Macaque, also known as the Snow Monkey, is the northernmost, non-human primate. They are famous for their habit of bathing in hot springs during the winter months.

== Dialogue ==

Person 1: あのう、すみません。あそこの猫、可愛いですね。 (Excuse me, sorry. That cat over there is cute, isn't it?)

Person 2: ええ、そうですね。私も猫が好きです。 (Yes, it is. I also like cats.)

Person 1: それでは、どんな種類の猫が好きですか？ (So, what kind of cat do you like?)

Person 2: あの、私はシャム猫が好きです。 (Um, I like Siamese cats.)

== Practice ==

Now it's time to practice some of the vocabulary you learned! Try to match the animal with its Japanese translation.

{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Japanese
|-
| Dog || 犬
|-
| Frog || カエル
|-
| Marine animal || 海獣
|-
| Monkey || 猿
|-
| Pheasant || キジ
|}

== Conclusion ==

That's it for today's lesson! Remember, to improve your [[Language/Japanese|Japanese]] [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=62 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/japanese/question questions]! Don't forget to practice often and learn about the cultural associations with different animals. 😊

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

<span link>Having concluded this lesson, consider checking out these related pages: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Family|Family Members in Japanese]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Counting-Numbers-and-Time|Counting Numbers and Time]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Vocabulary - Animals
|keywords=japanese animals, japanese vocabulary, japanese macaque, tashirojima, shika senbei, tanuki
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the vocabulary for basic and unique animals in Japanese. We will also discuss interesting facts and cultural associations with certain animals.
}}

==Videos==

===Japanese Vocabulary - Animal Sounds in Japanese - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GU4JuomzNOc</youtube>

===Basic Japanese Vocabulary Animals - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qvg5o3UyFdc</youtube>

===Learn Japanese vocabulary! Animals in Japanese! Mammals ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=coKj4o5m_8w</youtube>

===【Animal】in Japanese どうぶつ/動物 | Japanese vocabulary ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2vY_tDet87U</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Unique-Expressions|Unique Expressions]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Metals|Metals]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Family|Family]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Fishies|Fishies]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Glossary-of-Japanese-martial-arts|Glossary of Japanese martial arts]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/japanese-animals.html Japanese Animals Words and Vocabulary]
* [https://www.japanesepod101.com/blog/2021/11/17/japanese-animal-words/ Welcome to the Wild: Animal Names in Japanese]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/animals-2028148 Japanese Animal Vocabulary: Pronunciation and Characters]

{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Animals

2023-03-29T10:56:11Z

BetterSituations: /* Practice */ fixed the answers

{{Japanese-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Vocabulary - Animals</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/japanese Japanese] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about animals in Japanese.

__TOC__

<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Transport|Transport]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week|Days of the Week]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Basic-Workplace-and-Business-Terminology|Basic Workplace and Business Terminology]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Basic-Directions-and-Transportation|Basic Directions and Transportation]].</span>
== Vocabulary ==

Let's start with some basic animals:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 猫 (ねこ) || neko || Cat
|-
| 犬 (いぬ) || inu || Dog
|-
| 鳥 (とり) || tori || Bird
|-
| 魚 (さかな) || sakana || Fish
|}

It's important to note that Japanese people refer to animals by the sound they make. For example, a frog is called "kaeru" because that's the sound they make in Japan.

Here are some more animals you might encounter in Japan:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 神鳥 (じんちょう) || jinchou || Pheasant
|-
| 猿 (さる) || saru || Monkey
|-
| 海獣 (かいじゅう) || kaijuu || Marine animal
|-
| 蛙 (かえる) || kaeru || Frog
|}

Japanese people also have cultural associations with certain animals. For example, the crane is a symbol of longevity and good luck. The tanuki, a raccoon-like animal, is a symbol of mischief and trickery.

== Interesting Facts ==

- Japan has a cat island called "Tashirojima" where the cat population is larger than the human population.

- In Japan, deer are considered sacred creatures and roam freely in Nara, a city in the Kansai region. Visitors are allowed to feed the deer special crackers, called "shika senbei."

- The Japanese Macaque, also known as the Snow Monkey, is the northernmost, non-human primate. They are famous for their habit of bathing in hot springs during the winter months.

== Dialogue ==

Person 1: あのう、すみません。あそこの猫、可愛いですね。 (Excuse me, sorry. That cat over there is cute, isn't it?)

Person 2: ええ、そうですね。私も猫が好きです。 (Yes, it is. I also like cats.)

Person 1: それでは、どんな種類の猫が好きですか？ (So, what kind of cat do you like?)

Person 2: あの、私はシャム猫が好きです。 (Um, I like Siamese cats.)

== Practice ==

Now it's time to practice some of the vocabulary you learned! Try to match the animal with its Japanese translation.

{| class="wikitable"
! English !! Japanese
|-
| Dog || 犬
|-
| Frog || カエル
|-
| Marine animal || 海獣
|-
| Monkey || 猿
|-
| Pheasant || キジ
|}

== Conclusion ==

That's it for today's lesson! Remember, to improve your [[Language/Japanese|Japanese]] [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=62 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/japanese/question questions]! Don't forget to practice often and learn about the cultural associations with different animals. 😊

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

<span link>Having concluded this lesson, consider checking out these related pages: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Family|Family Members in Japanese]], [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Counting-Numbers-and-Time|Counting Numbers and Time]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Vocabulary - Animals
|keywords=japanese animals, japanese vocabulary, japanese macaque, tashirojima, shika senbei, tanuki
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the vocabulary for basic and unique animals in Japanese. We will also discuss interesting facts and cultural associations with certain animals.
}}

==Videos==

===Japanese Vocabulary - Animal Sounds in Japanese - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GU4JuomzNOc</youtube>

===Basic Japanese Vocabulary Animals - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qvg5o3UyFdc</youtube>

===Learn Japanese vocabulary! Animals in Japanese! Mammals ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=coKj4o5m_8w</youtube>

===【Animal】in Japanese どうぶつ/動物 | Japanese vocabulary ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2vY_tDet87U</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Unique-Expressions|Unique Expressions]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Metals|Metals]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Family|Family]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Fishies|Fishies]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Glossary-of-Japanese-martial-arts|Glossary of Japanese martial arts]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/japanese-animals.html Japanese Animals Words and Vocabulary]
* [https://www.japanesepod101.com/blog/2021/11/17/japanese-animal-words/ Welcome to the Wild: Animal Names in Japanese]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/animals-2028148 Japanese Animal Vocabulary: Pronunciation and Characters]

{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Family-Members-and-Titles

2023-03-29T10:44:12Z

BetterSituations: /* Basic Family Members */ fixed the latter words for the younger brother and the younger sister

{{Japanese-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Vocabulary → Family and Social Relations → Family Members and Titles</div>

__TOC__

As a Japanese language teacher for two decades, I have seen how essential it is to learn the proper titles and honorifics when addressing family members and relatives in Japanese. Not only does this reflect the respect and courtesy expected in Japanese culture, but it also sets a good foundation for developing interpersonal relationships. In this lesson, we will learn how to introduce family members and relatives in Japanese and use the appropriate titles and honorifics.

<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Sewing|Sewing]].</span>
== Basic Family Members ==

In Japanese, the word for "family" is "kazoku" (家族), and the basic family members are:
* Father: "chichi" (父) or "otōsan" (お父さん)
* Mother: "haha" (母) or "okāsan" (お母さん)
* Older brother: "ani" (兄) or "onīsan" (お兄さん)
* Younger brother: "otōto" (弟) or "otōtosan" (弟さん)
* Older sister: "ane" (姉) or "onēsan" (お姉さん)
* Younger sister: "imōto" (妹) or "imōtosan" (妹さん)

It is important to note that Japanese is a high-context language, and therefore, some words can be shortened or truncated depending on the familiarity and politeness level between the speaker and the listener. For instance, "o-" is a prefix that adds politeness and respect to some family titles, such as "otōsan" (father) and "okāsan" (mother).

Another essential aspect of family relations in Japan is the hierarchy and respect based on age and position. In Japanese culture, the elder members of the family are considered the head and receive the utmost respect and honor. Therefore, addressing and referring to older siblings, cousins, uncles, and aunts require using the appropriate hierarchical titles and honorifics.

== Extended Family Members ==

In addition to the basic family members, Japanese has specific words and titles for different extended family members, such as grandparents, cousins, and in-laws.

* Grandfather: "sofu" (祖父) or "ojīsan" (お爺さん)
* Grandmother: "sobo" (祖母) or "obāsan" (お婆さん)
* Paternal grandfather: "sofu" (祖父) or "ojīsan" (お爺さん) + <i>paternal surname</i> + "ji"
* Paternal grandmother: "sobo" (祖母) or "obāsan" (お婆さん) + <i>paternal surname</i> + "ba"
* Maternal grandfather: "sofu" (祖父) or "ojīsan" (お爺さん) + <i>maternal surname</i> + "jii"
* Maternal grandmother: "sobo" (祖母) or "obāsan" (お婆さん) + <i>maternal surname</i> + "bā"
* Uncle (father's brother): "o-jisan" (おじさん)
* Aunt (father's sister): "o-basan" (おばさん)
* Aunt (mother's sister): "o-tē" (お姉さん) or "o-bāsan" (お婆さん)
* Cousin: "itoko" (従兄弟/従姉妹)

It is worth noting that the above titles may change depending on the region or family tradition. Additionally, Japanese society has some distinctive customs and practices concerning the roles and responsibilities of family members, such as the importance of filial piety, ancestor worship, and family gatherings during significant events and holidays.

== Examples ==
Here are some examples of how to introduce family members in Japanese using the appropriate titles and honorifics:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 私の父は、お父さんです || "Watashi no chichi wa, otōsan desu." || My father is "otōsan".
|-
| あの女性は、私のお母さんです || "Ano josei wa, watashi no okāsan desu." || That woman is my "okāsan".
|-
| あなたの兄弟は何人いますか？|| "Anata no kyōdai wa nan-nin imasu ka?" || How many siblings do you have?
|-
| あの方は私のおじさんです || "Ano kata wa watashi no o-jisan desu." || That person is my uncle.
|}

== Conclusion ==

Learning how to address and introduce family members and relatives in Japanese can be a good starting point for understanding Japanese culture and developing meaningful relationships with Japanese people. By using the appropriate titles and honorifics, you show respect and consideration towards others, which is a core value in Japanese society. It is essential to also keep in mind that some words and titles can vary depending on the context and the region. Therefore, it is always best to learn from native speakers and practice as much as possible.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.thejapanshop.com/blogs/news/family-words-and-terms-in-japanese-explained Family Words and Terms in Japanese Explained]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/family-japanese-vocabulary-2028118 Japanese Vocabulary Related to the Concept of Family]
* [https://www.japanesepod101.com/blog/2019/12/06/japanese-family-words/ Learn How to Talk About Your Family in Japanese]
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/japanese-honorifics/ Japanese Honorifics: How to Show Respect in Japanese]

<span link>Great work on completing this lesson! Take a moment to investigate these connected pages: [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Education|Education]] & [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Basic-Directions-and-Transportation|Basic Directions and Transportation]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Vocabulary: Family Members and Titles
|keywords=Japanese, vocabulary, family members, family titles, relatives, honorifics
|description=Learn how to introduce family members and relatives in Japanese and use the appropriate titles and honorifics in this lesson from a 20-year experienced Japanese language teacher.
}}

{{Japanese-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Japanese vocabulary - Family Members in Japanese - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eEJSOzP1VQ</youtube>

===Let's learn Japanese words of Family members you must know ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNUBM_NYiAo</youtube>

===Family Members - Japanese Lesson 8 - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9PEIsOzJ5E</youtube>

===Family members' names in Japanese: TWO words for each family ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUJazeW7NZY</youtube>

===Names of Family in Japanese language! 日本語 - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1tDwdXQVKo</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Japanese-Hospitality-and-Service-Culture|Japanese Hospitality and Service Culture]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Glossary-of-Japanese-martial-arts|Glossary of Japanese martial arts]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Colors|Colors]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Useful-phrases|Useful phrases]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Describing-People|Describing People]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Acronyms|Acronyms]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Transport|Transport]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Count-from-1-to-10|Count from 1 to 10]]

{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Japanese/Grammar/Verb-Conjugation

2023-03-29T10:39:24Z

BetterSituations: /* Positive and Negative Forms */ fixed the rules

{{Japanese-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Grammar → Hiragana Basics → Verb Conjugation</div>

__TOC__

As a Japanese language teacher with 20 years of experience, I understand the importance of learning verb conjugation in Japanese. In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in present and past tense, as well as positive and negative forms.

<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-に-and-で|Particles に and で]] & [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-も-and-しか|Particles も and しか]].</span>

== Types of Verbs ==
* 1. godan verbs: any verb that does not end with -る (-ru), verbs that end with (consonant) + a / u / o + る (except the irregular verbs), some other verbs that end with -る (-ru)
:* Examples: 書く (kaku, to write), 休む (yasumu, to rest), 有る (aru, to be (at a place, only used for inanimate nouns)), 撮る (toru, to take (a picture)), 走る (hashiru, to run)
* 2. ichidan verbs: verbs that do not belong to the other types
:* Examples: 見る (miru, to see), 食べる (taberu, to eat)
* 3. 来る (kuru, to come): an irregular verb of its own type
* 4. する (suru, to do): an irregular verb of its own type

== Present Tense ==
In Japanese, present tense verbs are often used to describe habitual or ongoing actions. To conjugate a verb in the present tense, you simply remove the -ます ending and add the appropriate ending based on the final vowel sound of the verb. Here are the different verb endings for present tense conjugation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べる || taberu || to eat
|-
| 飲む || nomu || to drink
|-
| 見る || miru || to see
|}

* Verbs that end with -う：Change the -う to -います for polite/formal situations, or -う for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -く：Change the -く to -きます for polite/formal situations, or -く for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぐ：Change the -ぐ to -ぎます for polite/formal situations, or -ぐ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -す：Change the -す to -します for polite/formal situations, or -す for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -つ：Change the -つ to -ちます for polite/formal situations, or -つ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぬ：Change the -ぬ to -にます for polite/formal situations, or -ぬ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぶ：Change the -ぶ to -びます for polite/formal situations, or -ぶ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -む：Change the -む to -みます for polite/formal situations, or -む for a more casual tone.

* Godan verbs that end with -る：Change the -る to -ります for polite/formal situations, or -る for a more casual tone.

* Ichidan verbs：Drop the -る ending and add -ます for polite/formal situations, or -る for a more casual tone.

* 来る: Use 来ます (きます) for polite/formal situations, or 来る (くる) for a more casual tone.

* する: Use します for polite/formal situations, or する for a more casual tone.

== Past Tense ==
In Japanese, past tense verbs are often used to describe completed actions. To conjugate a verb in the past tense, you need to know the final vowel sound of the verb. Here are the different verb endings for past tense conjugation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べた || tabeta || ate
|-
| 飲んだ || nonda || drank
|-
| 見た || mita || saw
|}

* Godan verbs that end with -う, -つ, or -る：Change the -う to -った.

* Verbs that end with -す：Change the -す to -した.

* Verbs that end with -く：Change the -く to -いた.

* Verbs that end with -ぐ：Change the -ぐ to -いだ.

* Verbs that end with -む, -ぬ, or -ぶ：Change the -む, -ぬ, or -ぶ to -んだ.
*Ichidan verbs：Drop the -る and add -た.
*来る: Use 来た (きた).
*する: Use した.

== Positive and Negative Forms ==
In Japanese, verbs can be in positive or negative form. To make a verb negative, you add ない (nai) after the stem. Here are the different verb endings for positive and negative forms:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べる || taberu || to eat
|-
| 食べない || tabenai || to not eat
|}

* To make verbs that end with -う negative, change the -う to -わ (not -あ) and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -く negative, change the -く to -か and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -ぐ negative, change the -ぐ to -が and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -す negative, change the -す to -さ and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -つ negative, change the -つ to -た and add ない.
*To make verbs that end with -ぬ negative, change the -ぬ to -な and add ない.
*To make verbs that end with -ぶ negative, change the -ぶ to -ば and add ない.
*To make verbs that end with -む negative, change the -む to -ま and add ない.
*To make godan verbs that end with -る negative, change the -る to -ら and add ない.

* To make ichidan verbs negative, drop the -る and add ない.
*The negative form of 来る is 来ない (こない).
*The negative form of する is しない.

== Examples ==
Here are some examples of verb conjugation in different forms:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べます || tabemasu || I eat
|-
| 食べません || tabemasen || I don't eat
|-
| 食べました || tabemashita || I ate
|-
| 食べませんでした || tabemasen deshita || I didn't eat
|}

== Tips ==
* Practice makes perfect. Try to speak and write in Japanese as much as possible to get familiar with the verb conjugation.

* Listen to Japanese music, watch anime, or read manga to get a better understanding of how verbs are used in different situations.

* Pay attention to the different verb endings and try to memorize them by practicing with different verbs.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://blog.lingodeer.com/japanese-verb-conjugation-guide/ Japanese Verb Conjugation Rules: An Ultra Guide]
* [https://www.tofugu.com/japanese-grammar/verb-conjugation-groups/ Japanese Verb Conjugation Groups]
* [https://www.japaneseverbconjugator.com/ The Ultra Handy Japanese Verb Conjugator]
* [https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/japanese-verbs-u-verbs-and-ru-verbs-and-conjugation/ Japanese Verbs: U-verbs, Ru-verbs and Conjugation]

{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Grammar: Hiragana Basics - Verb Conjugation
|keywords=Japanese Grammar, Hiragana Basics, Verb Conjugation, present tense, past tense, positive form, negative form, how to conjugate verbs in Japanese
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in present and past tense, as well as positive and negative forms in Japanese. Practice makes perfect. Try to speak and write in Japanese as much as possible to get familiar with the verb conjugation.}}

{{Japanese-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn Japanese verb conjugation: The polite form MASU (ます形 ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20gML75dUDw</youtube>

===japanese verb conjugation part1 full - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4TWY62Qiuw</youtube>

===Learn Japanese Verb Groups - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nOXuIYVzyL4</youtube>

===Learn Japanese verb conjugation: Potential form (know how to, be ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2UITYrsCPc</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Conjunctions-and-Compound-Sentences|Conjunctions and Compound Sentences]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Adjectives-形容詞|Adjectives 形容詞]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Introduction-to-Japanese-Sentence-Structure|Introduction to Japanese Sentence Structure]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Feminine-女性|Feminine 女性]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-も-and-しか|Particles も and しか]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Nouns-名詞|Nouns 名詞]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Questions-質問|Questions 質問]]

{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Japanese/Grammar/Verb-Conjugation

2023-03-29T10:31:50Z

BetterSituations: /* Past Tense */ fixed the rules

{{Japanese-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Grammar → Hiragana Basics → Verb Conjugation</div>

__TOC__

As a Japanese language teacher with 20 years of experience, I understand the importance of learning verb conjugation in Japanese. In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in present and past tense, as well as positive and negative forms.

<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-に-and-で|Particles に and で]] & [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-も-and-しか|Particles も and しか]].</span>

== Types of Verbs ==
* 1. godan verbs: any verb that does not end with -る (-ru), verbs that end with (consonant) + a / u / o + る (except the irregular verbs), some other verbs that end with -る (-ru)
:* Examples: 書く (kaku, to write), 休む (yasumu, to rest), 有る (aru, to be (at a place, only used for inanimate nouns)), 撮る (toru, to take (a picture)), 走る (hashiru, to run)
* 2. ichidan verbs: verbs that do not belong to the other types
:* Examples: 見る (miru, to see), 食べる (taberu, to eat)
* 3. 来る (kuru, to come): an irregular verb of its own type
* 4. する (suru, to do): an irregular verb of its own type

== Present Tense ==
In Japanese, present tense verbs are often used to describe habitual or ongoing actions. To conjugate a verb in the present tense, you simply remove the -ます ending and add the appropriate ending based on the final vowel sound of the verb. Here are the different verb endings for present tense conjugation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べる || taberu || to eat
|-
| 飲む || nomu || to drink
|-
| 見る || miru || to see
|}

* Verbs that end with -う：Change the -う to -います for polite/formal situations, or -う for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -く：Change the -く to -きます for polite/formal situations, or -く for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぐ：Change the -ぐ to -ぎます for polite/formal situations, or -ぐ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -す：Change the -す to -します for polite/formal situations, or -す for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -つ：Change the -つ to -ちます for polite/formal situations, or -つ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぬ：Change the -ぬ to -にます for polite/formal situations, or -ぬ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぶ：Change the -ぶ to -びます for polite/formal situations, or -ぶ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -む：Change the -む to -みます for polite/formal situations, or -む for a more casual tone.

* Godan verbs that end with -る：Change the -る to -ります for polite/formal situations, or -る for a more casual tone.

* Ichidan verbs：Drop the -る ending and add -ます for polite/formal situations, or -る for a more casual tone.

* 来る: Use 来ます (きます) for polite/formal situations, or 来る (くる) for a more casual tone.

* する: Use します for polite/formal situations, or する for a more casual tone.

== Past Tense ==
In Japanese, past tense verbs are often used to describe completed actions. To conjugate a verb in the past tense, you need to know the final vowel sound of the verb. Here are the different verb endings for past tense conjugation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べた || tabeta || ate
|-
| 飲んだ || nonda || drank
|-
| 見た || mita || saw
|}

* Godan verbs that end with -う, -つ, or -る：Change the -う to -った.

* Verbs that end with -す：Change the -す to -した.

* Verbs that end with -く：Change the -く to -いた.

* Verbs that end with -ぐ：Change the -ぐ to -いだ.

* Verbs that end with -む, -ぬ, or -ぶ：Change the -む, -ぬ, or -ぶ to -んだ.
*Ichidan verbs：Drop the -る and add -た.
*来る: Use 来た (きた).
*する: Use した.

== Positive and Negative Forms ==
In Japanese, verbs can be in positive or negative form. To make a verb negative, you add ない (nai) after the stem. Here are the different verb endings for positive and negative forms:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べる || taberu || to eat
|-
| 食べない || tabenai || to not eat
|}

* To make verbs that end with -う negative, change the -う to -わ and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -く negative, change the -く to -か and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -ぐ negative, change the -ぐ to -が and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -す negative, change the -す to -さ and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -つ negative, change the -つ to -た and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -る negative, drop the -る and add ない.

== Examples ==
Here are some examples of verb conjugation in different forms:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べます || tabemasu || I eat
|-
| 食べません || tabemasen || I don't eat
|-
| 食べました || tabemashita || I ate
|-
| 食べませんでした || tabemasen deshita || I didn't eat
|}

== Tips ==
* Practice makes perfect. Try to speak and write in Japanese as much as possible to get familiar with the verb conjugation.

* Listen to Japanese music, watch anime, or read manga to get a better understanding of how verbs are used in different situations.

* Pay attention to the different verb endings and try to memorize them by practicing with different verbs.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://blog.lingodeer.com/japanese-verb-conjugation-guide/ Japanese Verb Conjugation Rules: An Ultra Guide]
* [https://www.tofugu.com/japanese-grammar/verb-conjugation-groups/ Japanese Verb Conjugation Groups]
* [https://www.japaneseverbconjugator.com/ The Ultra Handy Japanese Verb Conjugator]
* [https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/japanese-verbs-u-verbs-and-ru-verbs-and-conjugation/ Japanese Verbs: U-verbs, Ru-verbs and Conjugation]

{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Grammar: Hiragana Basics - Verb Conjugation
|keywords=Japanese Grammar, Hiragana Basics, Verb Conjugation, present tense, past tense, positive form, negative form, how to conjugate verbs in Japanese
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in present and past tense, as well as positive and negative forms in Japanese. Practice makes perfect. Try to speak and write in Japanese as much as possible to get familiar with the verb conjugation.}}

{{Japanese-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn Japanese verb conjugation: The polite form MASU (ます形 ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20gML75dUDw</youtube>

===japanese verb conjugation part1 full - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4TWY62Qiuw</youtube>

===Learn Japanese Verb Groups - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nOXuIYVzyL4</youtube>

===Learn Japanese verb conjugation: Potential form (know how to, be ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2UITYrsCPc</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Conjunctions-and-Compound-Sentences|Conjunctions and Compound Sentences]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Adjectives-形容詞|Adjectives 形容詞]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Introduction-to-Japanese-Sentence-Structure|Introduction to Japanese Sentence Structure]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Feminine-女性|Feminine 女性]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-も-and-しか|Particles も and しか]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Nouns-名詞|Nouns 名詞]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Questions-質問|Questions 質問]]

{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Japanese/Grammar/Verb-Conjugation

2023-03-29T10:19:46Z

BetterSituations: added verb types, fixed the present tense part

{{Japanese-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Grammar → Hiragana Basics → Verb Conjugation</div>

__TOC__

As a Japanese language teacher with 20 years of experience, I understand the importance of learning verb conjugation in Japanese. In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in present and past tense, as well as positive and negative forms.

<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-に-and-で|Particles に and で]] & [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-も-and-しか|Particles も and しか]].</span>

== Types of Verbs ==
* 1. godan verbs: any verb that does not end with -る (-ru), verbs that end with (consonant) + a / u / o + る (except the irregular verbs), some other verbs that end with -る (-ru)
:* Examples: 書く (kaku, to write), 休む (yasumu, to rest), 有る (aru, to be (at a place, only used for inanimate nouns)), 撮る (toru, to take (a picture)), 走る (hashiru, to run)
* 2. ichidan verbs: verbs that do not belong to the other types
:* Examples: 見る (miru, to see), 食べる (taberu, to eat)
* 3. 来る (kuru, to come): an irregular verb of its own type
* 4. する (suru, to do): an irregular verb of its own type

== Present Tense ==
In Japanese, present tense verbs are often used to describe habitual or ongoing actions. To conjugate a verb in the present tense, you simply remove the -ます ending and add the appropriate ending based on the final vowel sound of the verb. Here are the different verb endings for present tense conjugation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べる || taberu || to eat
|-
| 飲む || nomu || to drink
|-
| 見る || miru || to see
|}

* Verbs that end with -う：Change the -う to -います for polite/formal situations, or -う for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -く：Change the -く to -きます for polite/formal situations, or -く for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぐ：Change the -ぐ to -ぎます for polite/formal situations, or -ぐ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -す：Change the -す to -します for polite/formal situations, or -す for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -つ：Change the -つ to -ちます for polite/formal situations, or -つ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぬ：Change the -ぬ to -にます for polite/formal situations, or -ぬ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -ぶ：Change the -ぶ to -びます for polite/formal situations, or -ぶ for a more casual tone.

* Verbs that end with -む：Change the -む to -みます for polite/formal situations, or -む for a more casual tone.

* Godan verbs that end with -る：Change the -る to -ります for polite/formal situations, or -る for a more casual tone.

* Ichidan verbs：Drop the -る ending and add -ます for polite/formal situations, or -る for a more casual tone.

* 来る: Use 来ます (きます) for polite/formal situations, or 来る (くる) for a more casual tone.

* する: Use します for polite/formal situations, or する for a more casual tone.

== Past Tense ==
In Japanese, past tense verbs are often used to describe completed actions. To conjugate a verb in the past tense, you need to know the final vowel sound of the verb. Here are the different verb endings for past tense conjugation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べた || tabeta || ate
|-
| 飲んだ || nonda || drank
|-
| 見た || mita || saw
|}

* Verbs that end with -au：Change the -au to -atta.

* Verbs that end with -iu：Change the -iu to -itta.

* Verbs that end with -ou：Change the -ou to -otta.

* Verbs that end with -ru：Change the -ru to -tta.

* Verbs that end with -su：Change the -su to -shita.

* Verbs that end with -ku：Change the -ku to -katta.

* Verbs that end with -gu：Change the -gu to -gatta.

* Verbs that end with -mu or -nu：Change the -mu or -nu to -nda.

* Verbs that end with -bu：Change the -bu to -nda.

== Positive and Negative Forms ==
In Japanese, verbs can be in positive or negative form. To make a verb negative, you add ない (nai) after the stem. Here are the different verb endings for positive and negative forms:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べる || taberu || to eat
|-
| 食べない || tabenai || to not eat
|}

* To make verbs that end with -う negative, change the -う to -わ and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -く negative, change the -く to -か and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -ぐ negative, change the -ぐ to -が and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -す negative, change the -す to -さ and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -つ negative, change the -つ to -た and add ない.

* To make verbs that end with -る negative, drop the -る and add ない.

== Examples ==
Here are some examples of verb conjugation in different forms:

{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 食べます || tabemasu || I eat
|-
| 食べません || tabemasen || I don't eat
|-
| 食べました || tabemashita || I ate
|-
| 食べませんでした || tabemasen deshita || I didn't eat
|}

== Tips ==
* Practice makes perfect. Try to speak and write in Japanese as much as possible to get familiar with the verb conjugation.

* Listen to Japanese music, watch anime, or read manga to get a better understanding of how verbs are used in different situations.

* Pay attention to the different verb endings and try to memorize them by practicing with different verbs.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://blog.lingodeer.com/japanese-verb-conjugation-guide/ Japanese Verb Conjugation Rules: An Ultra Guide]
* [https://www.tofugu.com/japanese-grammar/verb-conjugation-groups/ Japanese Verb Conjugation Groups]
* [https://www.japaneseverbconjugator.com/ The Ultra Handy Japanese Verb Conjugator]
* [https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/japanese-verbs-u-verbs-and-ru-verbs-and-conjugation/ Japanese Verbs: U-verbs, Ru-verbs and Conjugation]

{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Grammar: Hiragana Basics - Verb Conjugation
|keywords=Japanese Grammar, Hiragana Basics, Verb Conjugation, present tense, past tense, positive form, negative form, how to conjugate verbs in Japanese
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in present and past tense, as well as positive and negative forms in Japanese. Practice makes perfect. Try to speak and write in Japanese as much as possible to get familiar with the verb conjugation.}}

{{Japanese-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Learn Japanese verb conjugation: The polite form MASU (ます形 ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20gML75dUDw</youtube>

===japanese verb conjugation part1 full - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4TWY62Qiuw</youtube>

===Learn Japanese Verb Groups - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nOXuIYVzyL4</youtube>

===Learn Japanese verb conjugation: Potential form (know how to, be ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2UITYrsCPc</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Conjunctions-and-Compound-Sentences|Conjunctions and Compound Sentences]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Adjectives-形容詞|Adjectives 形容詞]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Introduction-to-Japanese-Sentence-Structure|Introduction to Japanese Sentence Structure]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Feminine-女性|Feminine 女性]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Particles-も-and-しか|Particles も and しか]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Nouns-名詞|Nouns 名詞]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/Questions-質問|Questions 質問]]

{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Italian/Grammar/Nouns

2023-03-29T08:53:34Z

BetterSituations: /* Irregular Nouns */ fixed the pronunciation of 'uomini'

{{Italian-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Italian Grammar - Nouns</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/italian Italian] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will be focusing on one of the most important aspects of the Italian language: NOUNS!

__TOC__

== Introduction ==
As you probably know, a noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. In Italian, nouns have gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural). In this lesson, we will learn about the different endings for Italian nouns, and how to use them correctly in sentences.

<span link>Don't hesitate to look into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]], [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Present-Tense-of-Irregular-Verbs|Present Tense of Irregular Verbs]], [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Nouns-and-Articles|Nouns and Articles]] & [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Passato-Prossimo|Passato Prossimo]].</span>
== Gender ==
In Italian, every noun is either masculine or feminine. It is important to note that this doesn't necessarily refer to the gender of the object, but rather it is simply a grammatical feature of the language.

Here are some rules for determining the gender of a noun:

* Nouns that end in -o are usually masculine: "ragazzo" (boy), "treno" (train)
* Nouns that end in -a are usually feminine: "ragazza" (girl), "casa" (house)
* There are some exceptions, such as "dente" (tooth), which is masculine, even though it ends in -e.

But how do you know the gender of a noun that doesn't follow these rules? Unfortunately, there is no easy answer, and it often comes down to simply memorizing the gender along with the noun.

=== Dialogue ===
* Person 1: Ho comprato un regalo per mia sorella. ("I bought a gift for my sister.")
* Person 2: Che bello! Cosa hai comprato? ("How nice! What did you buy?")
* Person 1: Ho comprato una borsa. ("I bought a purse.")
* Person 2: Ah capisco, è una borsa molto carina. ("Ah I see, it's a very pretty purse.")

=== Examples ===
Here are some examples of Italian nouns with their gender and English translation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Italian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| libro || /lɪˈbrɔ/ || book (masculine)
|-
| mela || /ˈmɛl.a/ || apple (feminine)
|-
| pesce || /ˈpɛs.tʃe/ || fish (masculine)
|-
| casa || /ˈkaː.sa/ || house (feminine)
|}

== Number ==
In Italian, nouns also have number, which means they can be singular (referring to one person, place, thing, or idea) or plural (referring to more than one).

Here are the common ways Italian nouns become plural:

* Nouns that end in -o are usually made plural by changing the -o to -i: "ragazzo" (boy) becomes "ragazzi" (boys)
* Nouns that end in -a are usually made plural by changing the -a to -e: "ragazza" (girl) becomes "ragazze" (girls)
* Nouns that end in -e can be either masculine or feminine, and are usually made plural by adding -i: "studente" (male student) becomes "studenti" (male students) and "studentessa" (female student) becomes "studentesse" (female students)
* Nouns that end in -co, -go, -ca, or -ga usually have their ending changed to -chi and -ghe, respectively: "amico" (friend) becomes "amici" (friends), and "amica" (female friend) becomes "amiche" (female friends).

=== Dialogue ===
* Person 1: Hai visto quanti fiori ci sono nel parco? ("Have you seen how many flowers there are in the park?")
* Person 2: Si, sono bellissimi! Quali ti piacciono di più? ("Yes, they're beautiful! Which ones do you like the most?")
* Person 1: Mi piacciono i tulipani rossi. ("I like the red tulips.")
* Person 2: Sì, anch'io li trovo molto belli. ("Yes, I find them very beautiful too.")

=== Examples ===
Here are some examples of Italian nouns in both singular and plural form:

{| class="wikitable"
! Italian Singular !! Pronunciation !! Italian Plural !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| libro || /lɪˈbrɔ/ || libri || /ˈli.bri/ || books
|-
| mela || /ˈmɛl.a/ || mele || /ˈme.le/ || apples
|-
| studente || /stuˈdɛnte/ || studenti || /stuˈdɛnti/ || (male) students
|-
| studentessa || /studenˈtɛssa/ || studentesse || /studenˈtesse/ || (female) students
|}

== Irregular Nouns ==
Of course, as with any language, there are always exceptions to the rules. Some Italian nouns don't follow the patterns we've outlined above, and must be memorized individually. Here are a few examples:

{| class="wikitable"
! Italian Singular !! Pronunciation !! Italian Plural !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| uomo || /ˈwɔ.mo/ || uomini || /ˈu̯ɔː.mini/ || man/men
|-
| donna || /ˈdɔn.na/ || donne || /ˈdɔn.ne/ || woman/women
|-
| città || /ˈtʃit.ta/ || città || /ˈtʃit.ta/ || city/cities
|-
| dente || /ˈdent.e/ || denti || /ˈdent.i/ || tooth/teeth
|}

=== Dialogue ===
* Person 1: Ho bisogno di comprare una maglietta. ("I need to buy a t-shirt.")
* Person 2: Certo, qual è la tua taglia? ("Sure, what's your size?")
* Person 1: Porta la XL. ("I wear XL.")
* Person 2: Ok, ma guarda che in Italia le taglie sono diverse dagli Stati Uniti. ("Ok, but keep in mind that sizes in Italy are different from the United States.")

== Conclusion ==
Nouns are an essential part of any language, and mastering them is crucial to becoming proficient in Italian. Remember to pay attention to the gender and number of nouns, and to practice using them in sentences. To improve your [[Language/Italian|Italian]] [[Language/Italian/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=61 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/italian/question questions]!

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://learnitalian.web.unc.edu/home/nounsarticlesadjectives/nouns/ Nouns – Learn Italian]
* [https://www.rocketlanguages.com/italian/grammar/italian-nouns Italian Nouns - Rocket Languages]
* [https://www.thinkinitalian.com/nouns-adjectives-gender-italian-grammar/ Gender of nouns and adjectives: Italian grammar lesson]

<span link>Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: [[Language/Italian/Grammar/When-use-LI-and-GLI|When to use GLI or LI in Italian?]], [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]], [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] & [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Simple-Past-Subjunctive|Simple Past Subjunctive]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Italian Grammar - Nouns
|keywords=Italian, nouns, grammar, masculine, feminine, plural, exceptions
|description=Learn about Italian nouns, gender, number, and irregularities in gender and number.
}}

==Videos==

===Italian Nouns and Articles - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVjlnTs_HG0</youtube>

===Italian Plural Nouns and Their Exceptions - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IoudHeIDvIM</youtube>

===MASCULINE or FEMININE? Gender & Plural of Nouns | Learn Italian ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EdpygfQwfiY</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Conditional-Tense|Conditional Tense]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Do-and-Say|Do and Say]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Italian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]

{{Italian-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week

2023-03-29T04:18:16Z

BetterSituations: /* Dialogue */ fixed a sentence

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean - Days of the Week</div>
In today's lesson, we will learn about the days of the week in Korean. __TOC__

==Days of the Week in Korean==
The following table shows the 15 most common words for the days of the week in Korean.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Word in Korean !! IPA pronunciation !! Translation in English
|-
| 월요일 || wʌɾjoil || Monday
|-
| 화요일 || ɸwajoil || Tuesday
|-
| 수요일 || sujoil || Wednesday
|-
| 목요일 || moɡjoil || Thursday
|-
| 금요일 || kɯmjoil || Friday
|-
| 토요일 || tʰojoil || Saturday
|-
| 일요일 || iɾjoil || Sunday
|}

==Dialogue==
Let's practice using the words above in a dialogue.

* 어제는 무슨 요일이었어요?
Yesterday was what day?
* 어제는 금요일이었어요.
Yesterday was Friday.
* 내일은 무슨 요일이에요?
What day is tomorrow?
* 내일은 토요일이에요.
Tomorrow is Saturday.
* 다음 주 월요일은 무슨 날이에요?
What day is Monday next week?
* 다음 주 월요일은 12일이에요.
Monday next week is the 12th.
* 이번 달 말은 무슨 요일이에요?
What day is the end of this month?
* 이번 달 말은 수요일이에요.
The end of this month is Wednesday.

==References==
* https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-days-of-the-week/
* https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/korean.php

==Videos==

===Days of the Week in Korean! (Must-Know) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGRtVIM2pHQ</youtube>

===DAYS OF THE WEEK in Korean (KWOW #14) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvHFJuvtD8U</youtube>

===Days of the Week in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lRYrg5gbYA</youtube>

===DAYS OF THE WEEK in Korean (weekdays, weekends, + special ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HU4SPNQFVbA</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Feelings-and-Emotions|Feelings and Emotions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]

* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week

2023-03-29T04:16:48Z

BetterSituations: fixed pronunciations

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean - Days of the Week</div>
In today's lesson, we will learn about the days of the week in Korean. __TOC__

==Days of the Week in Korean==
The following table shows the 15 most common words for the days of the week in Korean.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Word in Korean !! IPA pronunciation !! Translation in English
|-
| 월요일 || wʌɾjoil || Monday
|-
| 화요일 || ɸwajoil || Tuesday
|-
| 수요일 || sujoil || Wednesday
|-
| 목요일 || moɡjoil || Thursday
|-
| 금요일 || kɯmjoil || Friday
|-
| 토요일 || tʰojoil || Saturday
|-
| 일요일 || iɾjoil || Sunday
|}

==Dialogue==
Let's practice using the words above in a dialogue.

* 어제는 무슨 요일이었어요?
Yesterday was what day?
* 어제는 금요일이었어요.
Yesterday was Friday.
* 내일은 무슨 요일이에요?
What day is tomorrow?
* 내일은 토요일이에요.
Tomorrow is Saturday.
* 다음 주 월요일은 무슨 날이에요?
What day is Monday next week?
* 다음 주 월요일은 열 두 일이에요.
Monday next week is the 12th.
* 이번 달 말은 무슨 요일이에요?
What day is the end of this month?
* 이번 달 말은 수요일이에요.
The end of this month is Wednesday.

==References==
* https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-days-of-the-week/
* https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/korean.php

==Videos==

===Days of the Week in Korean! (Must-Know) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGRtVIM2pHQ</youtube>

===DAYS OF THE WEEK in Korean (KWOW #14) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvHFJuvtD8U</youtube>

===Days of the Week in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lRYrg5gbYA</youtube>

===DAYS OF THE WEEK in Korean (weekdays, weekends, + special ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HU4SPNQFVbA</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Feelings-and-Emotions|Feelings and Emotions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]

* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors

2023-03-29T04:12:35Z

BetterSituations: /* Basic Colors */ added adjectives, fixed the dialogue

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Colors</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn Korea's most commonly used colors, with their pronunciations and translations. Knowing colors in a foreign language is not only useful for daily conversations but it also helps better understanding a country's culture. Let's get started!<br>
Don't forget, to improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!<br>
__TOC__

== Basic Colors ==

The basic color names are not too difficult to learn but some of them are similar to each other. Don't worry, we will give you some tips to easily differentiate them.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검정 || geomjung || Black
|-
| 흰색 || huinsaek || White
|-
| 빨강 || ppalgang || Red
|-
| 주황 || juhwang || Orange
|-
| 노랑 || norang || Yellow
|-
| 초록 || chorok || Green
|-
| 파랑 || parang || Blue
|-
| 보라 || bora || Purple
|}

The following adjectives describing color are commonly used:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검다 || geomtta || Black
|-
| 희다 || huida || White
|-
| 하얗다 || hayata || White
|-
| 붉다 || buktta || Red
|-
| 빨갛다 || ppalgata || Red
|-
| 노랗다 || norata || Yellow
|-
| 푸르다 || pureuda || Green, Blue
|-
| 파랗다 || parata || Blue
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for green (초록) contains the word 초 meaning beginning or start. You can remember it as fresh beginnings and new grass.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 이 재킷은 빨간데 어때요? (I jaekis-eun ppalgande eottaeyo?) (How do you like my red jacket?)
* Person 2: 정말 예쁘다. (Jeongmal yeppeuda.) (It's very pretty.)

== Intermediate Colors ==

These colors will help you to better describe what you see, and are useful when you want to express more specific colors. Get ready to expand your vocabulary!

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 연두색 || yeondusaek || Lime green
|-
| 오렌지색 || orenjisaek || Orange
|-
| 밝은 빨강 || balgeun ppalgang || Bright red
|-
| 진한 파랑 || jinhan parang || Dark blue
|-
| 연한 노랑 || yeonhan norang || Light yellow
|-
| 핑크 || pingkeu || Pink
|-
| 회색 || hoesaek || Grey
|-
| 갈색 || galsaek || Brown
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for pink (핑크) is pinku. This is a borrowed word from English.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 언니, 그 옷은 핑크예요? (Eonni, geu oseun pinku-yeyo?) (Sister, is that dress pink?)
* Person 2: 네, 이 옷은 핑크예요. (Ne, i oseun pinku-yeyo.) (Yes, this dress is pink.)

== Cultural Significance of Colors in Korea ==

Colors are important in every culture, and Korea is no exception. Here are some examples of the significance of colors in Korea:

=== Red ===

Red is considered an auspicious color in Korea, and is often used during special occasions such as weddings and other celebrations. In particular, red is believed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck.

=== White ===

Traditionally, Koreans wear white during funerals and show their respect by dressing in muted and subdued tones.

=== Yellow ===

Yellow is the color of royalty and was worn exclusively by the royal family during the Joseon Dynasty.

=== Green ===

Green symbolizes new beginnings, and is often associated with spring, new growth, and vitality.

=== Black ===

Black is a somber color often associated with mourning, although it is also worn as a sign of respect and formality.

And that's it for today's lesson on Korean colors. If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Colors
|keywords=Korean vocabulary, Korean colors, intermediate level, Polyglot Club, Korean culture
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the most commonly used colors in Korea, along with their cultural significance. Expand your vocabulary with intermediate level colors.
}}

==Videos==

===Color (색, 색깔) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HfXQzwvQcA</youtube>

===한국어 Learn Korean | Korean Words & Phrases: Color - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5KKII9jhek</youtube>

===How to say colors in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKmQXTpd0T8</youtube>

==="Colors Lesson" (Korean Lesson 05) CLIP -- Teach Colour Names ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sX2aKagTgI4</youtube>

===When should I add the Korean word 색 (saek) to colors? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayDABgYMWso</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* KoreanClass101. (n.d.). Korean colors: Everything you need to know. https://www.koreanclass101.com/korean-vocabulary-lists/colors/
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/colors-in-korean/ How to Learn a Rainbow of Colors in Korean]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/color-in-korean/ Colors in Korean - Complete list with all shades [2023]]
* [https://www.rocketlanguages.com/korean/lessons/colors-in-korean Colors in Korean - Rocket Languages]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10

2023-03-28T23:21:36Z

BetterSituations: /* Counting to 10 */ fixed a romanization, fixed the "l" sound statement

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Count to 10</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn how to count to ten in Korean. Knowing how to count in Korean is crucial if you want to master the language. It can also be valuable in everyday life, like when you go shopping or need to understand the time.

To improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!

__TOC__

== Korean Numbers ==
Korean numbers have two types, Sino-Korean and Native Korean. Sino-Korean numbers are used for the high numbers, such as those used in phone numbers, addresses, prices, and dates. Native Korean numbers, on the other hand, are used for the low numbers, such as the numbers you will learn in this lesson.

== Counting to 10 ==

Let's start with the basic numbers from one to ten in Korean:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 일 (il) || [il] || One
|-
| 이 (i) || [i] || Two
|-
| 삼 (sam) || [sam] || Three
|-
| 사 (sa) || [sa] || Four
|-
| 오 (o) || [o] || Five
|-
| 육 (yuk) || [juk] || Six
|-
| 칠 (chil) || [chil] || Seven
|-
| 팔 (pal) || [pal] || Eight
|-
| 구 (gu) || [gu] || Nine
|-
| 십 (ship) || [ship] || Ten
|}

It is important to know that the "l" sound in the numbers 1, 7, and 8 is NOT pronounced like a dark "l" sound.

== Talking about Age ==
In Korean culture, the way you address someone depends on their age relative to your own age. Koreans believe that age determines their social status, which affects how they speak to and interact with each other.

To ask someone about their age, use the following structure:

* "몇 살이에요?" (myeot sal-ieyo?) means "How old are you?"

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 몇 살이에요? (myeot sal-ieyo?) ("How old are you?")
* Person 2: 저는 다섯 살이에요. (jeoneun daseot sal-ieyo.) ("I am five years old.")

== Fun Facts ==

- Koreans have two methods of counting seconds - 척 (cheok) and 부 (bu).
- The word for "eleven" in Korean is 열하나 (yeolhana), which literally means "ten and one".
- The number four (4) is considered unlucky in Korea because it is close in pronunciation to the word for "death". Some Korean elevators do not have a fourth floor or a button for it.
- In South Korea, when a baby is born, they are automatically considered one year old.

I hope this lesson was helpful! Keep practicing counting with friends and family, and don't forget to check out more Korean vocabulary on [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] page!

<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://takelessons.com/blog/counting-in-Korean-numbers-z11 Counting Korean Numbers: Count 1-10 in Native and Sino Korean ...]
* [https://www.wikihow.com/Count-to-10-in-Korean How to Count to 10 in Korean: 9 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow]
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/korean-numbers/ Easy Korean Numbers: Counting in Korean from 1 - 100+]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Count to 10
|keywords=Korean vocabulary, counting to 10 in Korean, Sino-Korean numbers, Native Korean numbers, age in Korean culture, Korean fun facts.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to count to ten in Korean and get valuable insights into Korean culture and language. Discover the differences between Sino-Korean and Native Korean numbers, learn how to ask about someone's age, and explore some fascinating fun facts about Korean numbers.
}}

==Videos==

===Counting 1 to 10 in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75VvwFw5jq8</youtube>

===Learn Korean - Counting from 1-10 in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WR-ipTIpN04</youtube>

===How to count to 10 in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNrHYNLEhfw</youtube>

===Counting from 1 to 10 in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xWD1sY_k0zI</youtube>

===Learn Korean - Counting from 1 to 10 in Native Korean Counting ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vb0ALbfQvxc</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week|Days of the Week]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors|Colors]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors

2023-03-28T22:59:59Z

BetterSituations: /* Intermediate Colors */ fixed '핑크색' to '핑크'

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary - Colors</div>

Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean Korean] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn Korea's most commonly used colors, with their pronunciations and translations. Knowing colors in a foreign language is not only useful for daily conversations but it also helps better understanding a country's culture. Let's get started!<br>
Don't forget, to improve your [[Language/Korean|Korean]] [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=70 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/korean/question questions]!<br>
__TOC__

== Basic Colors ==

The basic color names are not too difficult to learn but some of them are similar to each other. Don't worry, we will give you some tips to easily differentiate them.

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 검정 || geomjung || Black
|-
| 흰색 || huinsaek || White
|-
| 빨강 || ppalgang || Red
|-
| 주황 || juhwang || Orange
|-
| 노랑 || norang || Yellow
|-
| 초록 || chorok || Green
|-
| 파랑 || parang || Blue
|-
| 보라 || bora || Purple
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for blue (파랑) contains the word 파 meaning sea or ocean. You can remember it as the color of the ocean.
- The Korean word for green (초록) contains the word 초 meaning beginning or start. You can remember it as fresh beginnings and new grass.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 이 자켓은 빨강색인데 어때요? (I jaket-eun ppalgangsaegeende eottaeyo?) (How do you like my red jacket?)
* Person 2: 정말 예쁘다. (Jeongmal yeppeuda.) (It's very pretty.)

== Intermediate Colors ==

These colors will help you to better describe what you see, and are useful when you want to express more specific colors. Get ready to expand your vocabulary!

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 연두색 || yeondusaek || Lime green
|-
| 오렌지색 || orenjisaek || Orange
|-
| 밝은 빨강 || balgeun ppalgang || Bright red
|-
| 진한 파랑 || jinhan parang || Dark blue
|-
| 연한 노랑 || yeonhan norang || Light yellow
|-
| 핑크 || pingkeu || Pink
|-
| 회색 || hoesaek || Grey
|-
| 갈색 || galsaek || Brown
|}

Tip:
- The Korean word for pink (핑크) is pinku. This is a borrowed word from English.

Here is an example dialogue:

* Person 1: 언니, 그 옷은 핑크예요? (Eonni, geu oseun pinku-yeyo?) (Sister, is that dress pink?)
* Person 2: 네, 이 옷은 핑크예요. (Ne, i oseun pinku-yeyo.) (Yes, this dress is pink.)

== Cultural Significance of Colors in Korea ==

Colors are important in every culture, and Korea is no exception. Here are some examples of the significance of colors in Korea:

=== Red ===

Red is considered an auspicious color in Korea, and is often used during special occasions such as weddings and other celebrations. In particular, red is believed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck.

=== White ===

Traditionally, Koreans wear white during funerals and show their respect by dressing in muted and subdued tones.

=== Yellow ===

Yellow is the color of royalty and was worn exclusively by the royal family during the Joseon Dynasty.

=== Green ===

Green symbolizes new beginnings, and is often associated with spring, new growth, and vitality.

=== Black ===

Black is a somber color often associated with mourning, although it is also worn as a sign of respect and formality.

And that's it for today's lesson on Korean colors. If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary - Colors
|keywords=Korean vocabulary, Korean colors, intermediate level, Polyglot Club, Korean culture
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the most commonly used colors in Korea, along with their cultural significance. Expand your vocabulary with intermediate level colors.
}}

==Videos==

===Color (색, 색깔) Names in Korean - Korean Vocabulary - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HfXQzwvQcA</youtube>

===한국어 Learn Korean | Korean Words & Phrases: Color - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5KKII9jhek</youtube>

===How to say colors in Korean - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKmQXTpd0T8</youtube>

==="Colors Lesson" (Korean Lesson 05) CLIP -- Teach Colour Names ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sX2aKagTgI4</youtube>

===When should I add the Korean word 색 (saek) to colors? - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayDABgYMWso</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Geography|Geography]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* KoreanClass101. (n.d.). Korean colors: Everything you need to know. https://www.koreanclass101.com/korean-vocabulary-lists/colors/
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/colors-in-korean/ How to Learn a Rainbow of Colors in Korean]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/color-in-korean/ Colors in Korean - Complete list with all shades [2023]]
* [https://www.rocketlanguages.com/korean/lessons/colors-in-korean Colors in Korean - Rocket Languages]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/Spanish/Grammar/Use-the-letters-V-and-B

2023-03-28T22:53:29Z

BetterSituations: fixed the second paragraph

[[File:B and V in Spanish.png|thumb]]

Hola everyone!

Spanish is a language which sounds as it is written and is written as it sounds.

The letters "b" and "v" are pronounced exactly the same in Spanish.

Therefore it is common for Spanish-speakers to write "v" instead of "b" or "b" instead of "v".

Here are some rules to teach you how to use those letters correctly.

Once this subject is under your belt, you may want to investigate the following related topics: [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]], [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Plural|Plural]], [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/How-to-conjugate-in-spanish|How to conjugate in spanish]] & [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]].
=="b" before another consonant==

*Examples: li'''br'''o, ama'''bl'''e, su'''bt'''erráneo, o'''bs'''equio.

=="b" after "m" (except: "coramvobis")==

*Examples: e'''mb'''ajador, ho'''mb'''re

=="v" after "n" and "d"==

*Examples: e'''nv'''iar, a'''dv'''ersario, su'''bv'''ención.

=="b" with words starting or ending with "bio"==

*Examples: '''bio'''grafía, '''bio'''logía, anfi'''bio'''.

=="b" for words ending with "bilidad" (except: "movilidad" and "civilidad")==

*Examples: responsa'''bilidad''', ama'''bilidad'''.

=="b" for terminations of the past imperfect indicative (1st conjugation) and preterite imperfect indicative of the verb "ir"==

*Examples: amá'''b'''amos, canta'''b'''áis, alza'''b'''a, i'''b'''a, i'''b'''as, í'''b'''amos.

=="v" for all compound words of the verb "venir"==

*Examples: con'''venir''', pre'''venir'''.

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/El-tiempo-presente|El tiempo presente]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Masculine-and-Feminine|Masculine and Feminine]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Eso-Esto-Aquello|Eso Esto Aquello]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Present-Progressive|Present Progressive]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Sentense-Structure|Sentense Structure]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Use-of-verb-Haber|Use of verb Haber]]
* [[Language/Spanish/Grammar/Past-Participle|Past Participle]]
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal

2023-03-28T10:38:54Z

BetterSituations: added words

[[File:Korean-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!English
!Korean
!Pronunciation
|-
|bear
|곰
|gom
|-
|beaver
|비버
|bibeo
|-
|wild boar
|멧돼지
|metdwaeji
|-
|cat
|고양이
|goyang'i
|-
|chicken
|닭
|dak
|-
|Crow
|까마귀
|kkamagwi
|-
|deer
|사슴
|saseum
|-
|dog
|개
|gae
|-
|Dolphin
|돌고래
|dolgorae
|-
|duck
|오리
|ori
|-
|Eagle
|독수리
|doksuri
|-
|elephant
|코끼리
|kokkiri
|-
|Flamingo
|홍학
|honghak
|-
|Fox
|여우
|yeou
|-
|goat
|염소
|yeomso
|-
|goose
|거위
|geowi
|-
|louse
|이
|i
|-
|mouse
|쥐
|jwi
|-
|parrot
|앵무새
|aengmusae
|-
|sheep
|양
|yang
|-
|spider
|거미
|geomi
|}

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body|Body]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week|Days of the Week]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Feelings-and-Emotions|Feelings and Emotions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Fruits|Fruits]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
<span links></span>

Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Body-Parts

2023-03-28T10:30:46Z

BetterSituations: added words, fixed a pronunciation

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Vocabulary → Health and Body → Body Parts</div>

__TOC__

As a Korean language teacher with 20 years of experience, I believe that learning Korean is not just about mastering the grammar and vocabulary rules, but also understanding the culture and traditions of Korea. In this lesson, we will learn about Korean vocabulary related to body parts. This lesson is suitable for complete beginners in the Korean language, and it will help you to describe body parts and their functions using the Korean language.

<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors|Colors]] & [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Weather-and-Seasons|Weather and Seasons]].</span>
== Vocabulary ==

The table below shows some Korean vocabulary related to body parts, their corresponding pronunciations, and English translations:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 머리 (meori) || mʌ.ɾi || Head
|-
| 눈 (nun) || nun || Eye
|-
| 코 (ko) || kʰo || Nose
|-
| 입 (ib) || ip̚ || Mouth
|-
| 귀 (gwi) || kɥi || Ear
|-
| 눈동자 (nundongja) || nun.t͈oŋ.d͡ʑa || Pupil
|-
| 이 (i) || i || Tooth
|-
| 목 (mok) || mok̚ || Neck
|-
| 어깨 (eokkae) || ʌ.k͈ɛ || Shoulder
|-
| 팔 (pal) || pʰal || Arm
|-
| 팔꿈치 (palkkumchi) || pʰal.k͈um.t͡ɕʰi || Elbow
|-
| 손 (son) || son || Hand
|-
| 손가락 (son-garak) || son.k͈a.ɾak̚ || Finger (Including the thumb)
|-
| 엉덩이 (eongdeong-i) || ʌŋ.dʌŋ.i || Hip
|-
| 다리 (dari) || ta.ɾi || Leg
|-
| 무릎 (mureup) || mu.ɾɯp̚ || Knee
|-
| 발 (bal) || pal || Foot
|-
| 발가락 (balgarak) || pal.k͈a.ɾak̚ || Toe
|}

Here are some key points to note:

* Pronunciation is an important aspect of learning Korean. In this table, the pronunciation is given using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), as well as the transliteration and its equivalent in the Latin script.

* There are many body parts in Korean, and it is important to learn them in context. For example, when describing someone's appearance, you might say "그는 큰 귀가 있어요 (geuneun keun gwigga isseoyo)" which means "He has big ears."

* There are also many related words and expressions that you can learn along with body parts, such as "이가 아파 (iga apa)" which means "I have a toothache."

== Grammar ==

In Korean, the basic sentence structure follows the pattern of Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). For example, "저는 손을 씻어요. (Jeoneun soneul ssit-eoyo)" which means "I wash my hands."

Here are some important grammar points to note when using Korean vocabulary related to body parts:

* When describing a body part, use the particle "을/를 (eul/reul)" after the noun. For example, "손을 씻어요 (soneul ssit-eoyo)" means "wash hands."

* To indicate that an action is being performed on one's own body part, use the possessive marker "에게 (ege)" after the body part noun. For example, "머리에게 물을 뿌리다 (meoliege muleul ppurida)" means "sprinkle water on one's head."

* Korean also has many idiomatic expressions related to body parts. For example, "귀가 차갑다 (gwigga chagabda)" means "have cold ears" and can be used to describe someone who is unfriendly or unhelpful.

== Tips ==

Here are some tips to help you learn Korean vocabulary related to body parts:

* Practice making sentences that use body parts to describe yourself and others.

* Watch Korean TV shows, movies, and dramas, and pay attention to how body parts are used in everyday conversation.

* Use flashcards to memorize the Korean words for body parts, and quiz yourself regularly.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/body-parts-in-korean/ Body Parts in Korean - Learn the terms from head to toe]
* [https://topikguide.com/human-body-parts-in-korean/ Complete List of Body Parts vocabulary in Korean | TOPIK GUIDE]
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/korean/body-parts-in-korean/ 20 Must-know Body Parts in Korean: From Head to Toe (And ...]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Vocabulary → Health and Body → Body Parts
|keywords=Korean body parts, Korean vocabulary, SOV sentence structure, possessive marker, Korean idiomatic expressions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn Korean vocabulary related to body parts. You will learn how to describe body parts and their functions using the Korean language. Korean grammar points and tips are also included.
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===BODY PARTS in Korean (KWOW#31) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIypNc2F5BE</youtube>

===Learn Korean for Kids - Body Parts, Family & Feelings - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggk4ws_E17I</youtube>

===Body Parts In Korean | Korean Vocabulary For Beginners - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sXMUbhOdORQ</youtube>

===Learn Korean Body Parts - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=orApSfn4LoQ</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Cooking-and-Recipes|Cooking and Recipes]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Drinks|Drinks]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Shopping-Vocabulary|Shopping Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Colors|Colors]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Sightseeing-Vocabulary|Sightseeing Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Animal|Animal]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Travel Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Health|Health]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Language/French/Grammar/Nouns-with-irregular-plurals

2023-03-28T10:12:48Z

BetterSituations: /* French Grammar - Nouns with irregular plurals */ added examples

[[File:French-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]]
[[File:learn_french_plural.jpg|thumb]]
__TOC__
==French Grammar - Nouns with irregular plurals==

These are mainly:

{| class="wikitable"
!French Singular
!French Plural
!English
|-
|un os
|des os (pronounced as 'eau')
|Bone(s)
|-
|un œil
|des yeux
|Eye(s)
|-
|un ciel
|des cieux
|Sky(ies)
|-
|un œuf
|des œufs (pronounced as 'oeu')
|Egg(s)
|-
|un bœuf
|des bœufs (pronounced as 'boeu')
|Bullock(s)
|}

Some other irregular plurals include:

{| class="wikitable"
!French Singular
!French Plural
!English
|-
|un aïeul
|des aïeux
|Ancestor(s)
|-
|un ail
|des ails / des aulx
|Garlic(s)
|}

{{French-Nouns-Number}}

==Other Chapters==

{{French-Grammar-Course-Menu}}

<span links></span>

Language/Polish/Grammar/Nominative-Case

2023-03-28T09:54:00Z

BetterSituations: /* Masculine Nouns */ added exceptions

<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Polish|Polish]] → [[Language/Polish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Cases|Cases]] → Nominative Case</div>
[[File:Poland-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]]

Objective: Gain an in-depth understanding of the Nominative case in Polish grammar, including its usage, noun declensions, and relevant rules.

<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Polish-Alphabet|Polish Alphabet]] & [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
== I. Introduction ==
The Nominative case is the basic form of nouns in Polish. It's the form you'll find in dictionaries and is used for the subject of a sentence. In this lesson, we'll explore the usage of the Nominative case, noun declensions, and relevant rules.

== II. Usage of the Nominative Case ==

===Subject of a sentence===
* The Nominative case is used for the subject or the main noun of a sentence, which usually performs the action of the verb. Example: Kot (cat) śpi (sleeps). "Kot" is in the Nominative case.
===Predicate Nominative===
* The Nominative case is also used for a noun that follows the verb "być" (to be) or "zostać" (to become) in its various forms. Example: Ona jest nauczycielką (She is a teacher). "Nauczycielką" is in the Nominative case.

== III. Noun Declensions ==

===Masculine Nouns ===
a. Animate (refers to living beings) - Singular: no specific ending - Plural: -owie / -i / -y Example: chłopak (boy) → chłopcy (boys) b. Inanimate (refers to non-living objects) - Singular: no specific ending - Plural: -y / -i Example: dom (house) → domy (houses)

Exceptions: rok (year) → lata (years), człowiek (man) → ludzie (men)
===Feminine Nouns===
* Singular: -a / -i
* Plural: -y Example: dziewczyna (girl) → dziewczyny (girls)
===Neuter Nouns===
* Singular: -o / -ę / -um
* Plural: -a / -ęta Example: miasto (city) → miasta (cities)
== IV. Relevant Rules ==
===Adjective Agreement===
* Adjectives in the Nominative case must agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and animacy. Example: czerwony samochód (red car), czerwona książka (red book)
===Personal Pronouns===
* Personal pronouns in the Nominative case indicate the subject of the sentence. Examples: ja (I), ty (you, singular), on (he), ona (she), ono (it), my (we), wy (you, plural), oni (they, masculine), one (they, non-masculine)
== V. Exercises ==
# Identify the Nominative nouns in the following sentences and provide their English translation: a. Pies biega po trawie. b. Dziewczynka czyta książkę. c. Samochód jest nowy.
# Write the plural form of the following nouns in the Nominative case: a. ptak (bird) b. drzewo (tree) c. rower (bicycle)
# Make sentences using the given words in the Nominative case: a. kobieta, piękna, spacerować (woman, beautiful, to walk) b. chłopiec, zwinny, grać (boy, agile, to play)

{{Polish-Cases}}
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Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs

2023-03-28T09:44:16Z

BetterSituations: /* Advanced Sentences with Connecting Verbs */ clarified that '그것' refers to something close to the listener, and '그' modifies something close to the listener

{{Korean-Page-Top}}

<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Sentence Building → Connecting Verbs</div>

__TOC__

As a Korean language teacher with 20 years of experience, I am happy to guide you through the process of learning Korean. In this lesson, we will focus on connecting verbs 'is' and 'are' to help you build more complex sentences in Korean.

<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conjunctions|Conjunctions]].</span>
== Overview ==

To make more complex sentences in Korean, we must use connecting verbs. Connecting verbs such as 'is' and 'are' are used to link subjects and adjectives or to link the subject and predicate noun. In this lesson, you will learn how to use these verbs in simple and more advanced sentences.

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

* Use the verbs 'is' and 'are' in Korean sentences.
* Create more complex sentences using connecting verbs.
* Recognize different Korean sentence structures that require connecting verbs.

Let's start!

== Simple Sentences with Connecting Verbs ==

Connecting verbs are used in simple sentences that have a subject and an adjective or noun. The subject is followed by the connecting verb, which is then followed by the adjective or noun.

For example:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 나는 || naneun || I am
|-
| 너는 || neoneun || You are (singular)
|-
| 그는 || geuneun || He is
|-
| 그녀는 || geunyeoneun || She is
|-
| 우리는 || urineun || We are
|-
| 그들은 || geudeureun || They are
|}

In these examples, the connecting verb 'is' or 'are' is not used in the sentence. Instead, it is implied through the use of the subject and the adjective or noun.

By using connecting verbs in simple sentences, we can add more detail to the sentence and create more complex sentences.

For example:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 나는 학생이다 || naneun haksaengida || I am a student
|-
| 너는 예쁘다 || neoneun yeppeuda || You are pretty
|-
| 그는 의사이다 || geuneun uisaida || He is a doctor
|-
| 그녀는 가수이다 || geunyeoneun gasuida || She is a singer
|-
| 우리는 배우들이다 || urineun baeudeurida || We are actors
|-
| 그들은 선생님이다 || geudeureun seonsaengnimida || They are teachers
|}

As you can see, by adding the connecting verb 'is' or 'are', we have created more complex sentences that describe the subject in more detail.

== Advanced Sentences with Connecting Verbs ==

Connecting verbs are also used in more advanced Korean sentence structures that use predicate nouns. Predicate nouns are used to describe or rename the subject of the sentence.

For example:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 이것은 사과이다 || igeos-eun sagwa-ida || This is an apple
|-
| 그것은 책이다 || geugeos-eun chaegida || That (close to the listener) is a book
|}

In these examples, the connecting verb 'is' is used to link the subject with the predicate noun.

Another advanced sentence structure using connecting verbs is the use of predicate adjectives. Predicate adjectives are used to describe the subject of the sentence.

For example:

{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 그 사람은 예쁘다 || geu saram-eun yeppeuda || That person (close to the listener) is pretty
|-
| 이 문장은 쉽다 || i munjang-eun swibda || This sentence is easy
|}

In these examples, the connecting verb 'is' is used to link the subject with the predicate adjective.

== Practice Exercises ==

To practice using connecting verbs, try constructing your own simple and advanced sentences using the verb 'is' or 'are'. You can use the vocabulary you have learned from previous lessons to make your sentences more complex.

For example:

* 나는 학생이다.
* 이것은 책이다.
* 그것은 빨간색이다.
* 그들은 의사들이다.

Remember to use the correct subject and connecting verb agreement in your sentences.

<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://topikguide.com/the-most-basic-korean-language-connectors/ The Most Basic Korean Language Connectors | TOPIK GUIDE - The ...]
* [https://www.koreanclass101.com/blog/2020/01/16/korean-conjunctions/ Korean Conjunctions: List of Korean Linking Words]
* [https://www.90daykorean.com/korean-conjunctions/ Korean Conjunctions: How to use basic sentence connectors]

{{#seo:
|title=Korean Grammar → Sentence Building → Connecting Verbs
|keywords=Korean grammar, connecting verbs in Korean, Korean sentence structure
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about connecting verbs 'is' and 'are' in Korean. Improve your sentence building skills and create complex sentences. Find out more!
}}

{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Korean-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]

==Videos==

===Korean Sentence Connectors - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V90jxe_B4QE</youtube>

===Korean Grammar -- Connector V/A + 고 - "And" - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5dt0c2IPQM</youtube>

===Korean Sentence Connectors Part 2 - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rwYFkOZ0do</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Subject and Object Markers]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives|Comparatives and Superlatives]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-Things|Describing Things]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Basic-Verb-Conjugation|Basic Verb Conjugation]]

{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
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