Polyglot Club WIKI - User contributions [en]

Language/Lingala/Grammar/POSSESSIVES

2019-12-30T07:43:14Z

Berlusconi: Explanatory summary of possessive adjectives and pronouns in Lingala.

== '''POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS IN LINGALA''' ==
Lingala possessive pronouns and adjectives are the same; And they derived from personal pronouns. In lingala, we literally say "noun + of+possessor". The preposition "of" is "ya" or "na".

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Let's review personal pronouns first!

 1. I/me = nga(i)

 2. You/you = yo

 3. He/him = ye

 4. She/her = ye

 5. It/it = e

 6. We/us = biso

 7. You/you = bino (many people)

 8. They/them = bango

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Then let's learn possessive adjectives

 1. My= noun + (na) nga

 Do you know my name? = Oyebi kombo na ngai?

 2. Your= noun + (na) yo

 I saw your brother yesterday. = namonaki ndeko nayo lobi.

 3. His = noun + (na) ye

 His phone is broken = Telefoni naye ekufi.

 4. Her = noun + (na) ye

 Her husband is sick = Mobali naye azo bela.

 5. Its = *noun + (na) ngo

 Here's the guest room, but its bed isn't good = Oyo eza chambre ya bapaya, kasi mbetu nango eza malumu te.

 6. Our = noun + (na) biso

 Our house isn't big, but it's beautiful = Ndaku na biso eza munene te, kasi eza kitoko.

 7. Your = noun + (na) bino (belonging to many people)

 Your children are very clever = bana na bino baza mayele mingi.

 8. Their = noun + (na) bango

 Their parents got to Kinshasa last week = baboti na bango bakomaki na Kinshasa poso eleki.

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Finally, we have to conclude by making sentences with possessive pronouns as we have already learned their adjectives(determiners).

 1. Mine = yanga

 This is my phone, it's mine = oyo eza telefoni nanga, eza yanga.

 2. Yours = yayo

 Is your handbag? > No. It isn't my handbag. It's yours. = Oyo eza saki nayo? > Te. Eza saki nanga te. Eza yayo.

 3. His = yaye

 Your shoes are clean, but his are dirty = Basapatu nayo eza pete kasi yaye eza mbindo.

 4. Hers = Yaye

 Your parents speak French and Lingala, but hers speak only Lingala. = Baboti nayo balobaka lopoto(falanse) na lingala kasi yaye balobaka kaka lingala.

 5. Its = *na yango (not common)

 6. Ours = ya biso

 That big house is ours = Ndaku ya munene wana eza ya biso.

 7. Yours = Ya bino (belonging to many people)

 Our country is rich and yours is rich, too. = Mboka na biso eza na bozui, ya bino pe eza na bozui.

 8. Theirs = Ya bango

 My children are all here, but theirs live abroad = Bana nanga nionso baza awa kasi ya bango bavandaka na mboka mopaya.

Language/Lingala/Grammar/POSSESSIVES

2019-12-11T10:54:52Z

Berlusconi: Using Lingala Possessive words

== '''POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS IN LINGALA''' ==

Language/English/Vocabulary/Phrasal-Verbs-UP!

2019-12-04T12:43:05Z

Berlusconi: Spellings

Learn some useful "UP" phrasal verbs

Do you find it easy to pick up (learn quickly) new phrasal verbs?

Do you sometimes get confused and screw up (make a mistake) when you use them? Well, read this dialogue carefully.

It uses many up phrasal verbs. Try to guess their meaning and look them up (search) in the online dictionary (link below).

==DIALOG==

*'''T''': Hi Barbara! How is it going?

*'''B''': Good, Tamara. What about you?

*'''T''': I am fine, thanks.

*'''B''': Have you heard about Paul and Sandra?

*'''T''': No, I haven’t. What happened?

*'''B''': Not only did they split up but Sandra has also filled up a form to divorce.

*'''T''': Shut up! I am not eating it up, Barbara! They were such a nice couple since childhood as they grew up together!

*'''B''': Trust me, I am not making this story up. I have just looked Paula up at her new flat and she owned up everything to me. She was so broken that she couldn’t bottle up her feelings.

*'''T''': But why is their marriage breaking up? Please, speak up!

*'''B''': I will, but only if you swear not to let this story on.

*'''T''': I swear.

*'''B''': Apparently several problems cropped up. Everything happened when Paul came back home after being called up. He started behaving strangely: He gave up his business, he took up stamp collection and stayed up until late watching television. As he didn’t get up in the morning, Sandra was forced to bring up their children alone as well as to work hard to settle up their debts. Incidentally, since prices shot up, she had to work extra at the weekends.

*'''T''': So how did she react?

*'''B''': Basically, one day, after clearing her mind up, she was turned up by his reckless behaviour and she flared up: when Paul was out she cut up all his stamps . Then, after sealing up a harsh farewell letter, she left for good.

*'''T''': And what did Paul do?

*'''B''': He was so furious that his friends had to tie him up to hold him up! He was even thinking to refer to a solicitor to draw up a claim against her for its damaged precious stamp collection. But then, he gave up.

*'''T''': Did he try making peace?

*'''B''': Yes, but every time Paul phoned her, Sandra immediately hung up and when he pulls up outside her new flat she pretends she is not at home. To sum up, she doesn’t want to see him anymore.

*'''T''': This story is so sad.

*'''B''': Come on, cheer up! Let’s talk about something else.

*'''T''': All right.

*'''B''': Are you going to Jack's party tonight?

*'''T''': Yes, I am. Mark is picking me up at 9 o'clock and I am really looking forward to going there.

*'''B''': I heard that he has paid a band to liven the party up.

*'''T''': That will be marvellous!

*'''B''': Are you going too?

*'''T''': I have to train at the gym until 11 o'clock but I hope to catch you up later on.

*'''B''': Are you still building up your strength in view of the next marathon?

*'''T''': Yes, I am. As a matter of fact, I have found out that It will be a fierce competition as great competitors will show up. Okay, now I really gotta go, otherwise I'll arrive late at my classes.

*'''B''': Hurry up and see you later!

*'''T''': Cheers.

==Vocabulary==

Look up the meaning of each UP phrasal verb here:

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:English_phrasal_verbs_with_particle_(up)

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Questions

2019-11-07T18:22:23Z

Berlusconi: More examples

= '''MITUNA/QUESTIONS''' =
'''There exist two kinds of questions in lingala, just like in English. We can build questions by using the interrogative form of the verb or a question word.'''

=== '''Yes/No Questions''' ===
'''Lingala yes/no-questions do not swap the verb and the subject. We just add a question mark to the affirmative form and raise the voice to indicate the interrogative form'''
* Ayebi nga?: Does he/she know me?
* Mike alobaka falanse?: Does Mike speak French?
* Boza malamu?: Are you all okay?
* Oza na nzala?: Are you hungry?
* Okoki kosalisa nga?: Can you help me?
* Boza bandeko?: Are you siblings?
* Ayebi nkombo nayo?: Does he/she know your name?
* Bovandaka esika moko?: Do you live together?
* Okoya lobi na pokwa?: Will you come tomorrow evening?
* Basilisi musala?: Have they finished working?
* Baza baboti nayo?: Are they your parents?
* Kongo eza munene?: Is the DRC big?
* Bakutanaki yenga eleki?: Did they meet last Sunday?
* Mwasi nayo alambaka malamu?: Does your wife cook well?
* Boyebanani

=== '''Question words''' ===
* '''Nini: What/Which'''
** Olobi nini?: What do you say?
** Eza nini?: What is it?
** Lelo eza mukolo nini?: Which day are we today?

* '''Nani: Who/Whom'''
** Eza ya nani?: To whom does it belong?
** Wana nani?: Who is that?

* '''Wapi: Where'''
** Saki nanga eza wapi?: Where is my bag?
** Bavandaka wapi?: Where do they live?
** Owuti wapi?: Where are you coming from?

* '''Tango nini/mukolo nini/ngonga nini: When'''
** Tango nini makita ekobanda?: When will the meeting begin?
** Bokoya tango nini?: When will you (all) come?
** Likambo oyo ekosila mukolo nini?: When will this problem take an end?

* '''Boni: How many'''
** Oza na bana boni?: How many children do you have?
** Batu boni baza na kelasi nayo?: How many people are there in your class?

* '''Mutuya nini: How much(price)'''
** Mutuka oyo eza mutuya nini?: How much is this car?
** Telefoni naye eza mutuya nini?: How much does her phone cost?

* '''Mbala boni: How often'''
** Oliaka mbala boni na mukolo?: How often do you eat a day?

* '''Pona nini: Why'''
** Ozoyekola lingala pona nini?: Why are you learning lingala?
** Asiliki pona nini?: Why is he/she angry?
'''NOTE: We can notice that lingala question words are most of the time used at the end of sentences while English ones are always at the beginning.'''

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Questions

2019-11-07T17:41:02Z

Berlusconi: Making questions in Lingala

= '''MITUNA/QUESTIONS''' =
'''There exist two kinds of questioons in lingala, just like in English. We can build by using the interrogative form of the verb or a question word.'''

=== '''Yes/No Questions''' ===
'''Lingala yes/no-questions do not swap the verb and the subject. We just add a question mark to the affirmative form and raise the voice to indicate the interrogative form'''
* Ayebi nga?: Does/she know me?
* Mike alobaka falanse?: Does Mike speak French?
* Boza malamu?: Are you all okay?
* Oza na nzala?: Are you hungry?
* Okoki kosalisa nga?: Can you help me?
* Boza bandeko?: Are you siblings?
* Ayebi nkombo nayo?: Does he/she know your name?
* Bovandaka esika moko?: Do you live together?
* Okoya lobi na pokwa?: Will you come tomorrow evening?
* Basilisi musala?: Have they finished working?

=== '''Question words''' ===
* '''Nini: What/Which'''
** Olobi nini?: What do you say?
** Eza nini?: What is it?
** Lelo eza mukolo nini?: Which day are we today?

* '''Nani: Who/Whom'''
** Eza ya nani?: To whom does it belong?
** Wana nani?: Who is that?

* '''Wapi: Where'''
** Saki nanga eza wapi?: Where is my bag?
** Bavandaka wapi?: Where do they live?
** Owuti wapi?: Where are you coming from?

* '''Tango nini/mukolo nini/ngonga nini: When'''
** Tango nini makita ekobanda?: When will the meeting begin?
** Bokoya tango nini?: When will you (all) come?
** Likambo oyo ekosila mukolo nini?: When will this problem take an end?

* '''Boni: How many'''
** Oza na bana boni?: How many children do you have?
** Batu boni baza na kelasi nayo?: How many people are there in your class?

* '''Mutuya nini: How much(price)'''
** Mutuka oyo eza mutuya nini?: How much is this car?
** Telefoni naye eza mutuya nini?: How much does her phone cost?

* '''Mbala boni: How often'''
** Oliaka mbala boni na mukolo?: How often do you eat a day?

* '''Pona nini: Why'''
** Ozoyekola lingala pona nini?: Why are you learning lingala?
** Asiliki pona nini?: Why is he/she angry?
'''NOTE: We can notice that lingala question words are most of the time used at the end of sentences while English ones are always at the beginning.'''

Language/Spanish/Grammar/Prepositions

2019-10-28T22:36:25Z

Berlusconi: Difference between 'para' and 'por'

<big>LAS PREPOSICIONES ( THE USE OF 'POR' AND 'PARA')</big>

'''PARA:'''

Usamos 'para' para indicar la duración > We use 'para' to express the duration.

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Para cuántas noches: For how many nights

Usamas

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Para qué fecha: For which date

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Para el viernes que viene: For next Friday

Usamos 'para' para indicar la destinación > We use para to express the destination.

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Dos camas para los chicos: Two beds for the kids.

Usamos 'para' para indicar el objectivo > We use 'para' to express the purpose.

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Algunos videos para practicar el idioma: Some videos to practice the language.

'''POR:'''

Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Articles

2019-10-28T22:05:20Z

Berlusconi: ARTICLES IN PORTUGUESE

<big>OS ARTIGOS > ARTICLES</big>

Em português temos dois tipos dos artigos > we have two kinds of articles in Portuguese

Os artigos definidos > Definite articles

Os artigos indefinidos > indefinite article

Os artigos definidos

O: Masculine Singular/ A: Feminie singular

Os: Masculine plural/ As: Feminine Plural

O banco: The bank

Os bancos: Banks

O amigo: The friend

Os amigos: Friends

O dia: The day

Os dias: Days

O artigo: The article

Os artigos: The articles

O carro: The car

Os carros: Cars

O livro: The book

Os livros: Books

A empresa: The firm

As empresas: Firms

A Praia: The beach

As praias: Beaches

A caneta: The pen

As canetas: Pens

A cidade: The city

As cidades: Cities

A casa: The house

As casas: Houses

A familia: The family

As familias: Families

Os artigos indefinidos

Um: Masculine singular/ Uns: Masculine Plural

Uma: Feminine singular/ Umas: Feminine plural

Um banco: A bank

Uns bancos: Banks

Um amigo: A friend

Uns amigos: Friends

Um dia: A day

Uns dias: Days

Um artigo: An article

Uns artigos: Articles

Um carro: A car

Uns carros: Cars

Um livro: A book

Uns livros: Books

Uma empresa: A firm

Umas empresas: Firms

Uma praia: A beach

Umas praias: Beaches

Uma caneta: A pen

Umas canetas: Pens

Uma cidade: A city

Umas cidades: Cities

Uma casa: A house

Umas casas: Houses

Uma familia: A family

Umas familias: Families

'''Nota:'''

'''Em português, cada palavra tem um genero (masculine or feminine) e um número (singular or plural) e deve concordar-se ao artigo com quem se usa.'''

'''In Portuguese, every word has a gender(masculine or feminine) and a number(singular or plural), and has to agree with the article which is used with.'''

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Time-adverbs

2019-10-28T10:46:06Z

Berlusconi: More examples adverbs

<div style="font-size:200%;">
== Some adverbs of time in Lingala ==
</div>

==Lelo: Today==
** Naza na musala ebele '''lelo''': I have a lot of work '''today'''
==Lobi(ekoya): Tomorrow==
** Esengeli tokutana '''lobi''': We have to meet '''tomorrow.'''
==Lobi(eleki): Yesterday==
** Bakomaki na Kinshasa '''lobi(eleki)''': They got to Kinshasa '''yesterday'''
==Sikoyo: Now==
** Ozokende '''sikoyo(sika sikoyo)'''?: Are you going '''now(right now)'''
==Sikoyo te: Not now==
** Akoya '''sikoyo te''': He/She '''won't''' come '''now'''
==Sima: After==
** Benga nga '''sima''': Call me '''after'''

==Sima lobi: The day after tomorrow==
** Bandeko naye bakoya '''sima lobi''': His/her siblings will come '''after tomorrow'''

==Mbala eleki: Before/last time==
** Tokutanaki te '''mbala eleki''': We didn't we '''last time'''

==Poso eleki: last week==
** Nasombaki biloko ebele '''poso eleki''': I bought a lot of things '''last week'''

==Poso oyo: This week==
** '''Poso oyo''', Paul akobalana na Emilie: Paul is getting married with Emilie '''this week'''

==Tongo: Early==
** '''Baye''' tongo lelo: They have come '''early''' today

==Natongo: In the morning==
** Namelaka kaka mayi '''natongo''': I just drink water '''in the morning'''

==Lelo natongo: This morning==
** Esengeli nakutana na Paul '''lelo natongo''': I have to meet Paul '''this morning'''

==Lobi natongo: Tomorrow/Yesterday morning==
** Benga nga '''lobi natongo''': Call me '''tomorrow morning'''

==Napokwa: in the evening==
** Tokokende Cinema '''napokwa'''?: Will we go to Cinema '''in the evening'''?

==Na butu: At night==
** Esengeli olala mingi '''na butu''': You have to sleep a lot '''at night'''

==Lelo napokwa: Tonight==
** Toza na liyangani '''lelo napokwa''': We have a meeting '''tonight'''

==Lobi napokwa: Tomorrow/Yesterday evening==
** Namonakiye '''lobi napkwa''': I saw him/her '''yesterday evening'''

==Tongo makasi: Very early==
** Yaka '''tongo makasi''': Do come '''very early'''!

==Tango nini?: When?==
** Mayangani ekobanda '''tango nini''': '''When''' will the meeting begin?

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Time-adverbs

2019-10-15T07:45:17Z

Berlusconi: Most common adverbs of time

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Time-adverbs

2019-10-15T06:41:24Z

Berlusconi: Most common Lingala adverbs of time

== '''<big>Some adverbs of time in Lingala</big>''' ==
* '''Lelo: Today'''
** Naza na musala ebele '''lelo''': I have a lot of work '''today'''
* '''Lobi(ekoya): Tomorrow'''
** Esengeli tokutana '''lobi''': We have to meet '''tomorrow.'''
* '''Lobi(eleki): Yesterday'''
** Bakomaki na Kinshasa '''lobi(eleki)''': They got to Kinshasa '''yesterday'''
* '''Sikoyo: Now'''
** Ozokende '''sikoyo(sika sikoyo)'''?: Are you going '''now(right now)'''
* '''Sikoyo te: Not now'''
** Akoya '''sikoyo te''': He/She '''won't''' come '''now'''
* '''Sima: After'''
* '''Sima lobi: The day after tomorrow'''
* '''Mbala eleki: Before/last time'''
* '''Poso eleki: last week'''
* '''Poso oyo: This week'''
* '''Tongo: Early'''
* '''Natongo: In the morning'''
* '''Lelo natongo: This morning'''
* '''Lobi natongo: Tomorrow/Yesterday morning'''
* '''Napokwa: in the evening'''
* '''Na butu: At night'''
* '''Lelo napokwa: Tonight'''
* '''Lobi napokwa: Tomorrow/Yesterday evening'''
* '''Tongo makasi: Very early'''
* '''Tango nini?: When?'''

Language/Portuguese/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have

2019-10-13T19:39:53Z

Berlusconi: Explanatory summary of the verb 'to have'

'''O VERBO TER (HAVER)/THE VERB TO HAVE'''

Eu tenho: I have

Tu tens: You have

Ele/Ela tem: He/she has

Nós temos: We have

Vós tendes: You have

Eles/elas têm: They have
* Usamos o verbo ter para exprimir '''a possessão:''' we use have to express possession.
Nós temos um carro: we have a car.

Eles têm bastante dinheiro no banco: they have. a lot of money in the bank.

Você tem muitos amigos: Do you have many friends?

Hoje, não tenho muito trabalho: I do not have much work today.
* Usamos o verbo haver com 'de' o 'que' para exprimir '''obrigação''' : we use have with 'de' or 'que' to express obligation.
Nós temos de falar português: we have to speak Portuguese.

Eu tenho que levar o menino à escola: I have to take the kid to school.

Peter tem que ficar em casa: Peter has to stay home.
* Usamos o verbo ter como '''auxiliar''' dos tempos compostos: we use have as an auxiliary for compound tenses (perfect)
Tens estudado muito?: Have you studied too much?

Eu tenho comprado um computador novo: I have bought a new computer.

Nota: Existe tambem o verbo '''haver,''' mas hoje em dia, é usado raramente: There exists also 'haver', but it is rarely used nowadays.

Há muitos teatros em Paris: There are a lot of theaters in Paris.

Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Adjectives

2019-10-03T15:42:40Z

Berlusconi: An introduction to adjectives in Portuguese

Os adjetivos > Adjectives

Em português, os adjetivos têm géneros > In Portuguese, adjectives have genders.

Adjetivos que acabam com 'o' são masculino e otros que acabam com 'a' são feminino > Adjectives ending with 'o' are masculin and those ending with 'a' are feminine.

Ocupado/ocupada > Busy
Longo/ longa > Large or long
Caro/ cara > Expensive
Barato/barata > Cheap
Cheio/cheia > Full
Vazio/vazia > Empty
Bonito/bonita > Beautiful
Maravilhoso/maravilhosa > Wonderful
Branco/branca > White
Poderoso/poderosa > Powerful

Os adjetivos que acabam com outras letras não tem géneros. Podem ser masculinos o femininos > Adjectives ending with other letters don't have any gender. They can be both masculin and feminine.

Possível > Possible
Importante > Important
Quente > Hot, warm
Diferente > Different
Terrível > Terrible
Amigável > Friendly
Interessante > Interesting
Disponível > Available
Sensível > Sensitive
Fácil > Easy

Usamos os adjetivos com nomes como modificadores e depois alguns verbos como predicados > We use adjectives with nouns as modifiers and with(after) some verbs as predicates.

A sala é vazia > The room is empty
Uma sala vazia > An empty room

Esse homem é ocupado > That man is busy.
Um homem ocupado > A busy man

Esta garota é inteligente > This girl is clever
Uma garota inteligente > A clever girl

O português é fácil > Portuguese is easy.
Uma lingua fácil > An easy language

Esse livro era caro > That book used to be expensive
Um livro caro > An expensive book.

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Adjectives

2019-08-18T22:27:10Z

Berlusconi: Introduction to lingala adjectives

10 most frequent LINGALA adjectives

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Kitoko: nice, good, beautiful, handsome

Bomoi eza kitoko: Life is good.

Mwasi nanga aza kitoko: My wife is beautiful

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Mabe: bad,wrong, ugly

Koyiba eza mabe: Stealing is bad

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Munene: big, important

Esika oyo eza munene: This is a big place

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Mukie: Small, little

Lelo naza na ngonga mukie: I have little time today.

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Pasi: difficult, hard

Exame ezalaki pasi mingi: The exam was very difficult.

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Pete: easy

Musala oyo eza pete: This work is easy.

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Musika: far

Ndako na bango eza musika: Their house is far

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Pene: Near

Kelasi eza pene: The school is near.

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Mulayi: Tall, long

Tala mobali oyo molayi: Look at this tall man.

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Mukuse: Short

Nzela wana eza mukuse penza: That way is really short.

Language/Lingala/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week

2019-07-06T06:04:19Z

Berlusconi:

MIKOLO YA POSO > DAYS OF THE WEEK

Mokolo > A day

Mikolo > Days

Poso > A week

Poso moko ezalaka na mikolo 7 > A week has got 7 days.

Mikolo ya poso bazali > Days of the week are.

* Mokolo ya yenga: Sunday
* Mokolo ya liboso: Monday
* Mokolo ya mibale: Tuesday
* Mokolo ya misato: Wednesday
* Mokolo ya minei: Thursday
* Mokolo ya mitano: Friday
* Mokolo ya poso: Saturday

Here are some examples
* Bato bakendaka musala kobanda mokolo ya liboso tí mokolo ya poso > People go to work from Monday to Saturday.

* Mokolo ya yenga musala ezalaka te, bato bakendaka kosambela > There is no work on Sunday, people go to pray.

* Natangaka Falanse mikolo mibale na poso, mokolo ya misato na mokolo ya minei > I have French classes two times a week, Wednesday and Friday.

* Lelo eza mokolo nini, mokolo ya liboso to mokolo ya mibale? > What day is today, Monday or Tuesday?

* Lobi ezalaki mokolo nini, mokolo ya minei to mokolo ya mitano? > What day was yesterday, Thursday or Friday?

Language/Lingala/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-Week

2019-07-06T06:01:21Z

Berlusconi: More examples added

MIKOLO YA POSO > DAYS OF THE WEEK

Mokolo > A day

Mikolo > Days

Poso > A week

Poso moko ezalaka na mikolo 7 > A week has got 7 days.

Mikolo ya poso bazali > Days of the week are.

* Mokolo ya yenga: Sunday
* Mokolo ya liboso: Monday
* Mokolo ya mibale: Tuesday
* Mokolo ya misato: Wednesday
* Mokolo ya minei: Thursday
* Mokolo ya mitano: Friday
* Mokolo ya poso: Saturday

Here are some examples
* Bato bakendaka musala kobanda mokolo ya liboso tí mokolo ya poso > People go to work from Monday to Saturday.

* Mokolo ya yenga musala ezalaka te, bato bakendaka kosabela > There is no work on Sunday, people go to pray.

* Natangaka Falanse mikolo mibale na poso, mokolo ya misato na mokolo ya minei > I have French classes two times a week, Wednesday and Friday.

* Lelo eza mokolo nini, mokolo ya liboso to mokolo ya mibale? > What day is today, Monday or Tuesday?

* Lobi ezalaki mokolo nini, mokolo ya minei to mokolo ya mitano? > What day was yesterday, Thursday or Friday?

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Present-Tense

2019-04-22T10:05:47Z

Berlusconi:

* THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OF FULL VERBS

Full verbs are very different to the verb "to be", the good news is that they are easy to conjugate as well. They all use the suffix "ka" when conjugated.

Let's review the Lingala subject pronouns first!

*Ngai > Na/I

*Yo > O/You

*Ye > A/He and She

*Biso > To/We

*Bino > Bo/You(plural)

*Bango> Ba/They

In the infinitive form every lingala verb has got the prefix "ko". To conjugate a full verb in the simple present tense, we replace it with the corresponding pronoun and add the suffix "ka" to the steem of the verb on the right. Here are some examples.

To speak > Koloba(the steem is 'loba')

*Nalobaka lingala > I speak Lingala.

*Olobaka kikongo na lingala > You speak Kikongo and Lingala.

*Alobaka mingi > He/she speaks too much.

*Tolobaka minoko mingi > We speak many languages.

*Boloboka minoko misato > You speak three languages.

*Balobaka falanse > They speak French.

Practice the following verbs by following the pattern above:
Kolia (Eat), Komona (See), Kokende (go), Koya (come), Kotanga (Read and Study), Koyekola (Learn), Koyeba (Know), Kopesa (Give), Kozua (Take), Kobenga (Call).

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Present-Tense

2019-04-22T10:01:22Z

Berlusconi: Content added

* THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OF FULL VERBS

Full verbs are very different to the verb "to be", the good news is that they are easy to conjugate as well. They all use the suffix "ka" when conjugated.

Let's review the Lingala subject pronouns first!
Ngai > Na/I

*Yo > O/You

*Ye > A/He and She

*Biso > To/We

*Bino > Bo/You(plural)

*Bango> Ba/They

Every verb has got the prefix "ko" in lingala. To conjugate a full verb in the simple present tense, we replace it with the corresponding pronoun and add the suffix "ka" to the steem of the verb. Here are some examples.

To speak > Koloba(the steem is 'loba')

*Nalobaka lingala > I speak Lingala.

*Olobaka kikongo na lingala > You speak. Kikongo and Lingala.

*Alobaka mingi > He/she speaks too much.

*Tolobaka minoko mingi > We speak many languages.

*Boloboka minoko misato > You speak three languages.

*Balobaka falanse > They speak French.

Practice the following verbs by following the pattern above:
Kolia (Eat), Komona (See), Kokende (go), Koya (come), Kotanga (Read and Study), Koyekola (Learn), Koyeba (Know), Kopesa (Give), Kozua (Take), Kobenga (Call).

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Verb-To-Have-and-To-Be

2019-04-08T11:40:38Z

Berlusconi: Created page with "The simple present tense of the verb TO HAVE (kozala na) Let's review the last lesson about the verb TO BE I am> Nazali/naza You are> Ozali/oza He/she is > Azali/aza It i..."

The simple present tense of the verb TO HAVE (kozala na)

Let's review the last lesson about the verb TO BE

I am> Nazali/naza

You are> Ozali/oza

He/she is > Azali/aza

It is> Ezali/eza

We are> Tozali/toza

You are> Bozali/boza

They are> Bazali/baza

The verb TO HAVE(POSSESS) derive from the verb TO BE. In fact, we litteraly say TO BE WITH (kozala na)

I have (got)> Naza(li) na: I have a phone> Naza na telefoni

You have (got)> Oza(li) na: You have a house> Oza na ndaku

He/she has (got)> Aza(li) na: He/she has a book> Aza na buku

It has (got)> Eza(li) na: It has a door> Eza na porti (ekuke)

We have (got)> Toza(li) na: We have a dog> Toza na mbwa

You have (got)> Boza(li) na: You have siblings> Boza na bandeko

They have (got)> Baza(li) na: They have children> Baza na bana.

Note: The spoken language always use the short form of the verb. We say 'naza' instead of 'nazali' though the complete form is used in formal writings.

Language/Lingala/Grammar/Verb-to-be

2019-04-05T14:06:53Z

Berlusconi: Nazali (I am), Ozali (you are), Azali (he/she is), ezali (it is), tozali(we are), bozali (you are (plural)), bazali (they are)

Lingala subject Pronouns and the verb to be (simple present)
Pronouns> Ba pronom (from French)

I > Ngai/na: I am strong > Naza(li) makasi

You > Yo/o: You are short > Oza(li) mukuse

He/she > Ye/a: He/she is here > Aza(li) awa

It > ~/e: It is good > Eza(li) malamu

We > biso/to: We are young > Toza(li) bilenge

You > bino/bo: You are far > Boza(li) musika

They > bango/ba: They are nice > Baza(li) kitoko

We use the steem forms of pronouns with the verb.
E.g: 'I' is 'ngai', but we say Nazali for 'I am'
So, we have :
I > na (steem form)
You > o (steem form)
He/she > a (steem form)
It > e ( steem form)
We > to (steem form)
You > bo (steem form)
They > ba (steem form)
Note: the 'li' verb ending is often omitted in daily talks. Here are some examples.

I am a man > naza mobali (instead of 'nazali')
She is a woman > Aza mwasi (instead of 'azali')