Polyglot Club WIKI - User contributions [en]

Language/Finnish/Grammar/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

2024-01-18T21:53:21Z

About Blank: /* Vowels */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Basic-Sentence-Structure|Next Lesson — Basic Sentence Structure ▶️]]
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{{Finnish-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Finnish|Finnish]] → [[Language/Finnish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Finnish → Alphabet and Pronunciation</div>

__TOC__

== Introduction ==

Welcome to the lesson on the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation! In this lesson, we will explore the unique sounds of the Finnish language and learn how to correctly pronounce words using the Finnish alphabet. Understanding the alphabet and pronunciation rules is essential for building a strong foundation in the Finnish language. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid grasp of the Finnish alphabet and be able to confidently pronounce words in Finnish.

== The Finnish Alphabet ==

The Finnish alphabet consists of 29 letters, which are similar to the letters used in the English alphabet with a few exceptions. Let's take a look at each letter and its pronunciation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| A || ah || A
|-
| B || bee || B
|-
| C || see || C
|-
| D || dee || D
|-
| E || eh || E
|-
| F || eff || F
|-
| G || gee || G
|-
| H || hah || H
|-
| I || ee || I
|-
| J || yoh || J
|-
| K || kah || K
|-
| L || ell || L
|-
| M || emm || M
|-
| N || enn || N
|-
| O || oh || O
|-
| P || peh || P
|-
| Q || koo || Q
|-
| R || err || R
|-
| S || ess || S
|-
| T || teh || T
|-
| U || oo || U
|-
| V || veh || V
|-
| W || kah-vee || W
|-
| X || iks || X
|-
| Y || yh || Y
|-
| Z || tset || Z
|-
| Å || oh with a ring on top || Å
|-
| Ä || eh with two dots on top || Ä
|-
| Ö || oh with two dots on top || Ö
|}

Note that the letters Q, W, X, and Z are not native to the Finnish language but are used in loanwords and foreign names. Finnish words are typically spelled phonetically, meaning that each letter corresponds to a specific sound. This makes Finnish pronunciation relatively straightforward once you have learned the alphabet.

== Vowels ==

In Finnish, there are eight vowel letters: A, E, I, O, U, Y, Ä, and Ö. Each vowel has a single, consistent pronunciation. Let's take a closer look at each vowel and its pronunciation:

- A: pronounced as "ah" in "father"
- E: pronounced as "eh" in "bed"
- I: pronounced as "ee" in "feet"
- O: pronounced as "oh" in "go"
- U: pronounced as "oo" in "food"
- Y: pronounced as "uh" in "use"
- Ä: pronounced as "eh" with a hint of "a" sound
- Ö: pronounced as "uh" with a hint of "o" sound

It's important to note that Finnish vowels are always pronounced the same way, regardless of their position in a word or the surrounding consonants.

== Consonants ==

In addition to vowels, Finnish has 21 consonant letters. Let's go through each consonant and its pronunciation:

- B: pronounced as "b" in "bed"
- C: pronounced as "ts" in "cats"
- D: pronounced as "d" in "dog"
- F: pronounced as "f" in "food"
- G: pronounced as "g" in "go"
- H: pronounced as "h" in "house"
- J: pronounced as "y" in "yes"
- K: pronounced as "k" in "kite"
- L: pronounced as "l" in "love"
- M: pronounced as "m" in "man"
- N: pronounced as "n" in "no"
- P: pronounced as "p" in "pen"
- R: pronounced as a rolled "r" sound
- S: pronounced as "s" in "sun"
- T: pronounced as "t" in "top"
- V: pronounced as "v" in "van"
- W: pronounced as "v" in "van" (used in loanwords and foreign names)
- X: pronounced as "ks" in "box"
- Z: pronounced as "ts" in "cats" (used in loanwords and foreign names)
- Å: pronounced as "oh" with a ring on top (similar to "o" in "bore")
- Ä: pronounced as "eh" with a hint of "a" sound
- Ö: pronounced as "uh" with a hint of "o" sound

It's worth noting that Finnish consonants are generally pronounced the same way as their English counterparts. However, there are a few exceptions, such as the "r" sound, which is rolled in Finnish.

== Diphthongs ==

In addition to single vowels and consonants, Finnish also features diphthongs, which are combinations of two vowel sounds pronounced together. Let's explore the most common Finnish diphthongs and their pronunciation:

- AI: pronounced as "eye" in "bike"
- AU: pronounced as "ow" in "now"
- EI: pronounced as "ay" in "day"
- EU: pronounced as "eu" in "feud"
- IE: pronounced as "ie" in "piece"
- IU: pronounced as "iu" in "music"
- OI: pronounced as "oi" in "oil"
- UO: pronounced as "uo" in "quorum"
- YÖ: pronounced as "yö" in "yoga"

These diphthongs add complexity to the Finnish language and give it a unique sound. It's important to practice pronouncing each diphthong correctly to ensure accurate and natural-sounding speech.

== Cultural Insights ==

The Finnish language reflects the rich cultural heritage of Finland. The Finnish alphabet and pronunciation rules have evolved over centuries, influenced by neighboring languages and historical events. Finnish is part of the Finno-Ugric language family, which includes Estonian, Hungarian, and a few other languages. This language family is distinct from the Indo-European language family, which includes English, German, and many other European languages.

One interesting aspect of the Finnish language is its lack of grammatical gender. Unlike many other languages, Finnish does not assign genders to nouns or pronouns. This absence of gender distinctions makes Finnish grammar simpler in some ways, but it also requires learners to pay closer attention to other grammatical features, such as case endings.

Finnish pronunciation can be challenging for non-native speakers due to the unique sounds and diphthongs. However, with practice and exposure to the language, learners can become more comfortable and confident in their pronunciation abilities. Listening to native speakers, watching Finnish movies, and engaging with Finnish music can greatly assist in developing a more authentic pronunciation.

== Exercises ==

Now it's time to test your knowledge of the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation! Complete the following exercises to practice what you have learned:

Exercise 1: Pronunciation Practice
Listen to the audio recordings and repeat the words aloud, paying attention to the correct pronunciation of each letter and vowel sound.

1. A: [audio recording]
2. E: [audio recording]
3. I: [audio recording]
4. O: [audio recording]
5. U: [audio recording]
6. Y: [audio recording]
7. Ä: [audio recording]
8. Ö: [audio recording]

Exercise 2: Vowel Identification
Identify the vowel sound in each word and write it down. For example, if the word is "koti" (home), the vowel sound is "o".

1. talo (house):
2. kissa (cat):
3. seuraava (next):
4. yö (night):
5. äiti (mother):
6. järvi (lake):
7. ystävä (friend):
8. öljy (oil):

Exercise 3: Diphthong Practice
Listen to the audio recordings and repeat the diphthongs aloud, focusing on the correct pronunciation of each diphthong.

1. AI: [audio recording]
2. AU: [audio recording]
3. EI: [audio recording]
4. EU: [audio recording]
5. IE: [audio recording]
6. IU: [audio recording]
7. OI: [audio recording]
8. UO: [audio recording]
9. YÖ: [audio recording]

== Solutions ==

Exercise 1: Pronunciation Practice

1. A: ah
2. E: eh
3. I: ee
4. O: oh
5. U: oo
6. Y: uh
7. Ä: eh with a hint of "a" sound
8. Ö: uh with a hint of "o" sound

Exercise 2: Vowel Identification

1. talo (house): a
2. kissa (cat): i
3. seuraava (next): e
4. yö (night): ö
5. äiti (mother): ä
6. järvi (lake): ä
7. ystävä (friend): ä
8. öljy (oil): ö

Exercise 3: Diphthong Practice

1. AI: eye
2. AU: ow
3. EI: ay
4. EU: eu
5. IE: ie
6. IU: iu
7. OI: oi
8. UO: uo
9. YÖ: yö

== Conclusion ==

Congratulations on completing the lesson on the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation! You have learned the 29 letters of the Finnish alphabet, including the vowels, consonants, and diphthongs. You have also practiced pronouncing words accurately and identified the vowel sounds in various Finnish words. Understanding the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation rules is a crucial step in your journey to mastering the Finnish language. Keep practicing and immersing yourself in Finnish culture to further enhance your language skills. Kiitos! (Thank you!)

{{#seo:
|title=Finnish Grammar → Introduction to Finnish → Alphabet and Pronunciation
|keywords=Finnish alphabet, Finnish pronunciation, Finnish vowels, Finnish consonants, Finnish diphthongs
|description=Learn the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation rules, including vowels, consonants, and diphthongs. Understand the importance of accurate pronunciation in Finnish and explore cultural insights related to the Finnish language.
}}

{{Finnish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Finnish-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Finnish-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===Learn ALL Finnish Alphabet in 2 Minutes - How to Read and Write ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Idx2z4cAO7U</youtube>

==Sources==
* [http://mylanguages.org/finnish_alphabet.php Finnish Alphabet and Pronunciation]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_language Finnish language - Wikipedia]
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/finnish.htm Finnish language, alphabet and pronunciation]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Sami-and-Karelian-Languages|Sami and Karelian Languages]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Asking-Directions-in-Finnish|Asking Directions in Finnish]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Finnish-Nouns:-Inflection-and-Gender|Finnish Nouns: Inflection and Gender]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Finnish|Possessive Case in Finnish]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Regional-Finnish-Dialects|Regional Finnish Dialects]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Finnish-Cases|Finnish Cases]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]

{{Finnish-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Basic-Sentence-Structure|Next Lesson — Basic Sentence Structure ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Finnish/Grammar/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

2024-01-18T21:52:10Z

About Blank: /* Vowels */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Basic-Sentence-Structure|Next Lesson — Basic Sentence Structure ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Finnish-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Finnish|Finnish]] → [[Language/Finnish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Finnish → Alphabet and Pronunciation</div>

__TOC__

== Introduction ==

Welcome to the lesson on the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation! In this lesson, we will explore the unique sounds of the Finnish language and learn how to correctly pronounce words using the Finnish alphabet. Understanding the alphabet and pronunciation rules is essential for building a strong foundation in the Finnish language. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid grasp of the Finnish alphabet and be able to confidently pronounce words in Finnish.

== The Finnish Alphabet ==

The Finnish alphabet consists of 29 letters, which are similar to the letters used in the English alphabet with a few exceptions. Let's take a look at each letter and its pronunciation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| A || ah || A
|-
| B || bee || B
|-
| C || see || C
|-
| D || dee || D
|-
| E || eh || E
|-
| F || eff || F
|-
| G || gee || G
|-
| H || hah || H
|-
| I || ee || I
|-
| J || yoh || J
|-
| K || kah || K
|-
| L || ell || L
|-
| M || emm || M
|-
| N || enn || N
|-
| O || oh || O
|-
| P || peh || P
|-
| Q || koo || Q
|-
| R || err || R
|-
| S || ess || S
|-
| T || teh || T
|-
| U || oo || U
|-
| V || veh || V
|-
| W || kah-vee || W
|-
| X || iks || X
|-
| Y || yh || Y
|-
| Z || tset || Z
|-
| Å || oh with a ring on top || Å
|-
| Ä || eh with two dots on top || Ä
|-
| Ö || oh with two dots on top || Ö
|}

Note that the letters Q, W, X, and Z are not native to the Finnish language but are used in loanwords and foreign names. Finnish words are typically spelled phonetically, meaning that each letter corresponds to a specific sound. This makes Finnish pronunciation relatively straightforward once you have learned the alphabet.

== Vowels ==

In Finnish, there are eight vowel letters: A, E, I, O, U, Y, Ä, and Ö. Each vowel has a single, consistent pronunciation. Let's take a closer look at each vowel and its pronunciation:

- A: pronounced as "ah" in "father"
- E: pronounced as "eh" in "bed"
- I: pronounced as "ee" in "feet"
- O: pronounced as "oh" in "go"
- U: pronounced as "oo" in "food"
- Y: pronounced as "uh" in "busy"
- Ä: pronounced as "eh" with a hint of "a" sound
- Ö: pronounced as "uh" with a hint of "o" sound

It's important to note that Finnish vowels are always pronounced the same way, regardless of their position in a word or the surrounding consonants.

== Consonants ==

In addition to vowels, Finnish has 21 consonant letters. Let's go through each consonant and its pronunciation:

- B: pronounced as "b" in "bed"
- C: pronounced as "ts" in "cats"
- D: pronounced as "d" in "dog"
- F: pronounced as "f" in "food"
- G: pronounced as "g" in "go"
- H: pronounced as "h" in "house"
- J: pronounced as "y" in "yes"
- K: pronounced as "k" in "kite"
- L: pronounced as "l" in "love"
- M: pronounced as "m" in "man"
- N: pronounced as "n" in "no"
- P: pronounced as "p" in "pen"
- R: pronounced as a rolled "r" sound
- S: pronounced as "s" in "sun"
- T: pronounced as "t" in "top"
- V: pronounced as "v" in "van"
- W: pronounced as "v" in "van" (used in loanwords and foreign names)
- X: pronounced as "ks" in "box"
- Z: pronounced as "ts" in "cats" (used in loanwords and foreign names)
- Å: pronounced as "oh" with a ring on top (similar to "o" in "bore")
- Ä: pronounced as "eh" with a hint of "a" sound
- Ö: pronounced as "uh" with a hint of "o" sound

It's worth noting that Finnish consonants are generally pronounced the same way as their English counterparts. However, there are a few exceptions, such as the "r" sound, which is rolled in Finnish.

== Diphthongs ==

In addition to single vowels and consonants, Finnish also features diphthongs, which are combinations of two vowel sounds pronounced together. Let's explore the most common Finnish diphthongs and their pronunciation:

- AI: pronounced as "eye" in "bike"
- AU: pronounced as "ow" in "now"
- EI: pronounced as "ay" in "day"
- EU: pronounced as "eu" in "feud"
- IE: pronounced as "ie" in "piece"
- IU: pronounced as "iu" in "music"
- OI: pronounced as "oi" in "oil"
- UO: pronounced as "uo" in "quorum"
- YÖ: pronounced as "yö" in "yoga"

These diphthongs add complexity to the Finnish language and give it a unique sound. It's important to practice pronouncing each diphthong correctly to ensure accurate and natural-sounding speech.

== Cultural Insights ==

The Finnish language reflects the rich cultural heritage of Finland. The Finnish alphabet and pronunciation rules have evolved over centuries, influenced by neighboring languages and historical events. Finnish is part of the Finno-Ugric language family, which includes Estonian, Hungarian, and a few other languages. This language family is distinct from the Indo-European language family, which includes English, German, and many other European languages.

One interesting aspect of the Finnish language is its lack of grammatical gender. Unlike many other languages, Finnish does not assign genders to nouns or pronouns. This absence of gender distinctions makes Finnish grammar simpler in some ways, but it also requires learners to pay closer attention to other grammatical features, such as case endings.

Finnish pronunciation can be challenging for non-native speakers due to the unique sounds and diphthongs. However, with practice and exposure to the language, learners can become more comfortable and confident in their pronunciation abilities. Listening to native speakers, watching Finnish movies, and engaging with Finnish music can greatly assist in developing a more authentic pronunciation.

== Exercises ==

Now it's time to test your knowledge of the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation! Complete the following exercises to practice what you have learned:

Exercise 1: Pronunciation Practice
Listen to the audio recordings and repeat the words aloud, paying attention to the correct pronunciation of each letter and vowel sound.

1. A: [audio recording]
2. E: [audio recording]
3. I: [audio recording]
4. O: [audio recording]
5. U: [audio recording]
6. Y: [audio recording]
7. Ä: [audio recording]
8. Ö: [audio recording]

Exercise 2: Vowel Identification
Identify the vowel sound in each word and write it down. For example, if the word is "koti" (home), the vowel sound is "o".

1. talo (house):
2. kissa (cat):
3. seuraava (next):
4. yö (night):
5. äiti (mother):
6. järvi (lake):
7. ystävä (friend):
8. öljy (oil):

Exercise 3: Diphthong Practice
Listen to the audio recordings and repeat the diphthongs aloud, focusing on the correct pronunciation of each diphthong.

1. AI: [audio recording]
2. AU: [audio recording]
3. EI: [audio recording]
4. EU: [audio recording]
5. IE: [audio recording]
6. IU: [audio recording]
7. OI: [audio recording]
8. UO: [audio recording]
9. YÖ: [audio recording]

== Solutions ==

Exercise 1: Pronunciation Practice

1. A: ah
2. E: eh
3. I: ee
4. O: oh
5. U: oo
6. Y: uh
7. Ä: eh with a hint of "a" sound
8. Ö: uh with a hint of "o" sound

Exercise 2: Vowel Identification

1. talo (house): a
2. kissa (cat): i
3. seuraava (next): e
4. yö (night): ö
5. äiti (mother): ä
6. järvi (lake): ä
7. ystävä (friend): ä
8. öljy (oil): ö

Exercise 3: Diphthong Practice

1. AI: eye
2. AU: ow
3. EI: ay
4. EU: eu
5. IE: ie
6. IU: iu
7. OI: oi
8. UO: uo
9. YÖ: yö

== Conclusion ==

Congratulations on completing the lesson on the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation! You have learned the 29 letters of the Finnish alphabet, including the vowels, consonants, and diphthongs. You have also practiced pronouncing words accurately and identified the vowel sounds in various Finnish words. Understanding the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation rules is a crucial step in your journey to mastering the Finnish language. Keep practicing and immersing yourself in Finnish culture to further enhance your language skills. Kiitos! (Thank you!)

{{#seo:
|title=Finnish Grammar → Introduction to Finnish → Alphabet and Pronunciation
|keywords=Finnish alphabet, Finnish pronunciation, Finnish vowels, Finnish consonants, Finnish diphthongs
|description=Learn the Finnish alphabet and pronunciation rules, including vowels, consonants, and diphthongs. Understand the importance of accurate pronunciation in Finnish and explore cultural insights related to the Finnish language.
}}

{{Finnish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Finnish-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Finnish-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===Learn ALL Finnish Alphabet in 2 Minutes - How to Read and Write ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Idx2z4cAO7U</youtube>

==Sources==
* [http://mylanguages.org/finnish_alphabet.php Finnish Alphabet and Pronunciation]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_language Finnish language - Wikipedia]
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/finnish.htm Finnish language, alphabet and pronunciation]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Sami-and-Karelian-Languages|Sami and Karelian Languages]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Asking-Directions-in-Finnish|Asking Directions in Finnish]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Finnish-Nouns:-Inflection-and-Gender|Finnish Nouns: Inflection and Gender]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Possessive-Case-in-Finnish|Possessive Case in Finnish]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Regional-Finnish-Dialects|Regional Finnish Dialects]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Finnish-Cases|Finnish Cases]]
* [[Language/Finnish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]

{{Finnish-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Finnish/Grammar/Basic-Sentence-Structure|Next Lesson — Basic Sentence Structure ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2024-01-14T17:02:02Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations. As a consequence these holidays play a significant role in the lives of Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the New Year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. Celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has happened over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s of the 20th century, celebrating Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. Renewed New Year`s traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the New Year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues into the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. During these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|A regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
The song about this little spruce, as the Russian equivalent of “Jingle Bells”, sounds from everywhere these days.

The New Year was first celebrated on January 1 in 1700y (before that, 200 years ago it was celebrated on September 1 according to the Byzantine tradition). Tsar Peter ordered to place spruce trees near houses, but then they forgot about it. They began to place spruce trees in front of taverns or pubs, the expression "to be under spruce" has come to mean "to be drunk". In the 19th century, Russian emperors usually married with German princesses and they brought with them the tradition of decorating the Christmas tree and organizing a holiday for children. Hence second meaning of the word "Ёлка" is New Year's performances for children.
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character of many Russian fairy tales revived during Soviet times. Since Ded Maroz is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Does it remind you of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|A young girl made of ice, personification of frozen water. Since Ded Maroz is a very old grandfather, she is considered his granddaughter (without any intermediate parents). She is also a character of many Russian fairy tales collected and written down in the 19th century. But these were sad fairy tales with a “bad” ending, because she must die (melt), otherwise Spring will not begin. But don't worry, no one dies in modern fairy tales :) And women and girls got their own character.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pabedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Междунаро́дный же́нский день || Mezhdunaródnyi zhénskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
|8 (восьмо́е) ма́рта
|Vas`móe mártah
|March, 8
|-
| Цве́ты || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравле́ния || Pazdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права́ же́нщин || Pravá zhénschin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you have learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey of becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2024-01-13T23:21:17Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations. As a consequence these holidays play a significant role in the lives of Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the New Year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. Celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has happened over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s of the 20th century, celebrating Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. Renewed New Year`s traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the New Year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues into the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. During these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|A regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
The song about this little spruce, as the Russian equivalent of “Jingle Bells”, sounds from everywhere these days.

The New Year was first celebrated on January 1 in 1700y (before that, 200 years ago it was celebrated on September 1 according to the Byzantine tradition). Tsar Peter ordered to place spruce trees near houses, but then they forgot about it. They began to place spruce trees in front of taverns or pubs, the expression "to be under spruce" has come to mean "to be drunk". In the 19th century, Russian emperors usually married with German princesses and they brought with them the tradition of decorating the Christmas tree and organizing a holiday for children. Hence second meaning of the word "Ёлка" is New Year's performances for children.
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character of many Russian fairy tales revived during Soviet times. Since Ded Maroz is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Does it remind you of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|A young girl made of ice, personification of frozen water. Also a character of many Russian fairy tales collected and written down in the 19th century. But these were sad fairy tales with a “bad” ending, because she must die (melt), otherwise Spring will not begin. But don't worry, no one dies in modern fairy tales :) And women and girls got their own character.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pabedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Междунаро́дный же́нский день || Mezhdunaródnyi zhénskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
|8 (восьмо́е) ма́рта
|Vas`móe mártah
|March, 8
|-
| Цве́ты || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравле́ния || Pazdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права́ же́нщин || Pravá zhénschin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you have learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey of becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2024-01-01T21:28:26Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations. As a consequence these holidays play a significant role in the lives of Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the New Year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. Celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has happened over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s of the 20th century, celebrating Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. Renewed New Year`s traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the New Year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues into the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. During these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|A regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
The song about this little spruce, as the Russian equivalent of “Jingle Bells”, sounds from everywhere these days.

The second meaning of the word "Ёлка" is New Year's performances for children.
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and the opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since Ded Maroz is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Does it remind you of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pabedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Междунаро́дный же́нский день || Mezhdunaródnyi zhénskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
|8 (восьмо́е) ма́рта
|Vas`móe mártah
|March, 8
|-
| Цве́ты || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравле́ния || Pazdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права́ же́нщин || Pravá zhénschin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you have learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey of becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Common-Allusions

2023-12-30T20:24:17Z

About Blank: /* Take damage for others without getting proper rewards */

[[File:common-allusions-different-languages.png|thumb]]
Hello everyone!

Welcome to our exploration of similar allusions found across various cultures worldwide. In this lesson, we'll delve into the ways in which different cultures express similar ideas and concepts.

Please note that this page is part of a broader series, connected to our main topic: [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Similar-Sayings]].

In progress.

== Ability to achieve financial reward ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where King Midas was given the ability to turn anything he touches into gold.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|English
|Midas touch
|-
|Finnish
|Midaan kosketus
|-
|French
|touche de Midas
|-
|Galician
|toque de Midas
|-
|Italian
|tocco di Mida
|-
|Modern Greek
|άγγιγμα του Μίδα
|-
|Portuguese
|toque de Midas
|}

== Be true to one's words ==
This comes from ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (史記), where Chǔ people say “receiving 100 jīn gold is nothing compared to accepting a promise from Jì Bù”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|一諾千金／一诺千金
|-
|Japanese
|一諾千金
|-
|Korean
|일낙천금
|}

== Between two dangers ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where monsters Scylla and Charybdis were sited on both sides of Strait of Messina, where Odysseus had to pass through.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Danish
|mellem Skylla og Karybdis
|-
|English
|between Scylla and Charybdis
|-
|Finnish
|Skyllan ja Kharybdiksen välillä
|-
|French
|tomber de Charybde en Scylla
|-
|German
|zwischen Skylla und Charybdis sein
|-
|Modern Greek
|μεταξύ Σκύλλας και Χάρυβδης
|-
|Polish
|między Scyllą a Charybdą
|-
|Russian
|между Сциллой и Харибдой
|-
|Spanish
|entre Escila y Caribdis
|-
|Swedish
|mellan Skylla och Karybdis
|}

== Costly victory ==
This comes from the story of the Battle of Heraclea and the Battle of Asculum, where King Pyrrhus of Epirus defeated Rome, suffering heavy casualties.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Armenian
|պյուռոսյան հաղթանակ
|-
|Azerbaijani
|Pirr qələbəsi
|-
|Bulgarian
|Пирова победа
|-
|Chinese
|皮洛士式勝利／皮洛士式胜利
|-
|Czech
|Pyrrhovo vítězství
|-
|Danish
|pyrrhussejr
|-
|Dutch
|pyrrusoverwinning
|-
|English
|Pyrrhic victory
|-
|Esperanto
|Pirha venko
|-
|Finnish
|Pyrrhoksen voitto
|-
|French
|victoire à la Pyrrhus
|-
|German
|Pyrrhussieg
|-
|Hungarian
|pirruszi győzelem‎
|-
|Indonesian
|kemenangan piris
|-
|Italian
|vittoria di Pirro
|-
|Japanese
|ピュロスの勝利
|-
|Latin
|victoria Pyrrhica
|-
|Macedonian
|Пирова победа
|-
|Modern Greek
|Πύρρειος νίκη
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|pyrrhosseier
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|pyrrhossiger
|-
|Polish
|pyrrusowe zwycięstwo
|-
|Portuguese
|vitória de Pirro
vitória pírrica
|-
|Romanian
|victorie à la Pirus
|-
|Russian
|Пиррова победа
|-
|Slovak
|Pyrrhovo víťazstvo
|-
|Spanish
|victoria pírrica
|-
|Swedish
|pyrrhusseger
|}

== Device or person placed within the enemy ==
This comes from the story of Trojan War in ''Aeneid'' (Aenē̆is), where Odysseus built a wooden horse, hid himself and soldiers inside, let the Trojan force capture the wooden horse as a trophy, then opened the gate of Troy at night to let the Greek army in.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Armenian
|Տրոյական ձի
|-
|Chinese
|特洛伊木馬／特洛伊木马
|-
|Czech
|trojský kůň
|-
|Danish
|trojansk hest
|-
|English
|Trojan horse
|-
|Esperanto
|troja ĉevalo
|-
|Finnish
|Troijan hevonen
|-
|French
|cheval de Troie
|-
|German
|trojanisches Pferd
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |סוס טרויאני
|-
|Hungarian
|trójai faló‎
|-
|Icelandic
|trójuhestur
|-
|Italian
|cavallo di Troia
|-
|Japanese
|トロイの木馬
|-
|Korean
|트로이 목마
|-
|Latin
|equus Troianus
|-
|Macedonian
|Тројанскиот коњ
|-
|Modern Greek
|δούρειος ίππος
|-
|Polish
|koń trojański
|-
|Portuguese
|cavalo de Troia
|-
|Romanian
|cal troian
|-
|Russian
|Троянский конь
|-
|Spanish
|caballo de Troya
|}

== Distortion of the truth by a powerful person ==
This comes from the story in ''New Account'' (新語), where Zhào Gāo rid a deer and called it a horse; the Emperor was confused and Zhào Gāo asked ministers; some kept silent, some said it was a horse, some said it was a deer; those who said it was a deer were eliminated by Zhào Gāo.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|指鹿為馬／指鹿为马
|-
|Japanese
|指鹿為馬
|-
|Korean
|지록위마
|}

== Face hostilities from all sides ==
This comes from the story of Battle of Gāixià in the ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (史記), where the coalition force of Hàn surrounded the Chǔ army and sang Chǔ folk songs.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|四面楚歌
|-
|Japanese
|四面楚歌
|-
|Korean
|사면초가
|}

== Flawless ==
This comes from the story in the ''Records of Spirits and Monsters'' (靈怪錄), where the clothing from heaven has no seams.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|天衣無縫／天衣无缝
|-
|Japanese
|天衣無縫
|-
|Korean
|천의무봉
|}

== Harmful person in peaceful disguise ==
This comes from the story in ''Gospel of Matthew'' (Κατά Ματθαίο Ευαγγέλιον), where the Lord says “Beware of false prophets which come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Albanian
|ujk me lëkurë qengji
|-
|Belarusian
|воўк у авечай шкуры
|-
|Chinese
|披著羊皮的狼／披着羊皮的狼
|-
|Czech
|vlk v rouše beránčím
|-
|Danish
|ulv i fåreklæder
|-
|Dutch
|wolf in schaapskleren
|-
|English
|wolf in sheep's clothing
|-
|Finnish
|susi lampaan vaatteissa
|-
|French
|loup déguisé en agneau
|-
|Galician
|lobo con pel de ovella
|-
|Georgian
|მგელი ცხვრის ტყავში
|-
|German
|Wolf im Schafspelz
|-
|Hindi
|भेड़ की खाल में भेड़िया
|-
|Hungarian
|báránybőrbe bújt farkas
|-
|Icelandic
|úlfur í sauðargæru
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right" |گرگ در لباس میش‎
|-
|Italian
|lupo travestito da agnello
|-
|Japanese
|羊の皮を着た狼
|-
|Kirgiz
|кой терисин жамынган карышкыр
|-
|Latin
|lupus in vestimentum ovium
|-
|Latvian
|vilks aitas ādā
|-
|Lithuanian
|vilkas avies kailyje
|-
|Malagasy
|amboadia mitafy hodi-janak' ondry
|-
|Malay
|serigala berbulu domba
|-
|Modern Greek
|λύκος εις δέρμα προβάτου
λύκος με προβιά αρνιού
|-
|Norwegian
|ulv i fåreklær
|-
|Polish
|wilk w owczej skórze
|-
|Portuguese
|lobo em pele de cordeiro
|-
|Romanian
|lup îmbrăcat în piele de oaie
|-
|Russian
|волк в овечьей шкуре
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|вук у јањећој кожи / vuk u janjećoj koži
|-
|Slovenian
|volk v ovčji koži
|-
|Spanish
|un lobo con piel de cordero
|-
|Swedish
|ulv i fårakläder
|-
|Ukrainian
|вовк в овечій шкурі
|-
|Vietnamese
|sói đội lốt cừu
|}

== Impose oneself hardships to accomplish something ==
This comes from the story in ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (史記), where King Gōujiàn of Yuè was defeated by the State of Wú; he forced himself to sleep on firewood and lick a gallbladder every day to remind himself to revenge.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|臥薪嘗膽／卧薪尝胆
|-
|Japanese
|臥薪嘗膽
|-
|Korean
|와신상담
|-
|Vietnamese
|nếm mật nằm gai
nằm gai nếm mật
|}

== Improve something unnecessarily ==
This comes from the story in ''Strategies of the Warring States'' (戰國策), where a man gave his servants a jug of wine; the servants decided to compete drawing a snake on the ground and the one who finishes it first wins the wine; one finished, grabbed the jug and said “I can draw feet for it” and started drawing feet for the snake; another one finished drawing the snake, snatched his wine, said “A snake doesn't have feet. How can you do it?” and drank the wine.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|畫蛇添足／画蛇添足
|-
|Japanese
|画蛇添足
|-
|Korean
|화사첨족
|-
|Vietnamese
|hoạ xà thiêm túc
vẽ rắn thêm chân
|}

== Invasive authority with mass surveillance ==
This comes from the novel ''1984'', where in the state of Oceania, there is a motto “Big Brother is watching you” referring to the applied mass surveillance.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|老大哥
|-
|English
|Big Brother
|-
|Finnish
|isoveli
|-
|French
|Big Brother
|-
|Hungarian
|Nagy Testvér
|-
|Modern Greek
|Μεγάλος Αδελφός
|-
|Polish
|Wielki Brat
|-
|Portuguese
|Grande Irmão
|-
|Russian
|Большо́й Брат
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|велики брат / veliki brat
|-
|Spanish
|Gran Hermano
|-
|Swedish
|storebror
|}

== Laborious and futile task ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where King Sisyphos of Ephyra killed visitors to show off his power and was forced by gods to do a task for eternity: to roll an immense boulder up a hill and repeat when it rolls back.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Danish
|sisyfosarbejde
|-
|English
|Sisyphean labour
|-
|French
|rocher de Sisyphe
|-
|German
|Sisyphusarbeit‎
|-
|Modern Greek
|Σισύφειο μαρτύριο
|-
|Russian
|сизифов труд
|-
|Swedish
|sisyfosarbete
|-
|Ukrainian
|сізіфова праця
|}

== Land of abundance ==
This comes from the story in ''Book of Exodus'' (שְׁמוֹת), where the Lord referred the Land of Israel “land flowing with milk and honey”.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|English
|land of milk and honey
|-
|French
|pays où coulent le lait et le miel
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |ארֶץ זבת חלב וּדְבש‎
|-
|Polish
|kraina mlekiem i miodem płynąca‎
|-
|Portuguese
|terra de leite e mel
|}

== Misfortune may turn into fortune and vice versa ==
This comes from the story in ''Master Huái Nán'' (淮南子), where an old man lived at the frontier; one of his horses strayed into Xiōngnú land; the horse came back accompanied with another horse; the old man's son rid the new horse, fell and broke his leg; in a Xiōngnú invasion, able-bodied men volunteered and nine out of ten died in battle, while the old man and his son kept alive.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|塞翁失馬，焉知非福／塞翁失马，焉知非福
|-
|Japanese
|人間万事塞翁が馬
|-
|Korean
|인간만사 새옹지마
|-
|Vietnamese
|tái ông thất mã, yên tri phi phúc
|}

== Obvious matter being ignored ==
This comes from the fable ''The Inquisitive Man'' (Любопытный), where a man noticed everything except an elephant in a room, in a museum.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Amharic
|በክፍሉ ውስጥ ዝሆን
|-
|Armenian
|փիղ մեջ տարածությունը
|-
|Chinese
|房間裡的大象／房间里的大象
|-
|Danish
|olifant in de kamer
|-
|English
|elephant in the room
|-
|Esperanto
|elefanto en la ĉambro
|-
|Finnish
|virtahepo olohuoneessa
|-
|French
|éléphant dans la pièce
|-
|Georgian
|ადგილში სპილო
|-
|German
|Elefant im Raum
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |פיל בחדר‎
|-
|Hindi
|कमरे में हाथी
|-
|Hungarian
|elefánt a szobában
|-
|Icelandic
|gajah di dalam sang kamar
|-
|Italian
|elefante nella stanza
|-
|Japanese
|部屋の象
|-
|Korean
|방안의 코끼리
|-
|Modern Greek
|ελέφαντας στο δωμάτιο
|-
|Polish
|słoń w salonie
|-
|Portuguese
|elefante na sala
|-
|Romanian
|elefantul din cameră
|-
|Russian
|слона-то я и не приметил
|-
|Spanish
|elefante en la habitación
|-
|Swedish
|elefanten i rummet
|-
|Thai
|ช้างในห้อง
|}

== Panic and be overly sensitive ==
This comes from the story in ''Book of Jìn'' (晉書), where the defeated troops of Qín heard the sound of the wind and the cry of cranes, believed that the enemy has come.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|風聲鶴唳／风声鹤唳
|-
|Japanese
|風声鶴唳
|-
|Korean
|풍성학려
|}

== Person blamed for someone else's failure ==
This comes from the story in ''Book of Leviticus'' (ויקרא), where Aaron confessed the sins of the people of Israel with his hands on a goat's head; the goat was sent to wilderness, bearing all the sins.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |كبش فداء
|-
|Armenian
|քավության նոխազ
|-
|Bulgarian
|изкупителна жертва
|-
|Catalan
|boc expiatori
|-
|Chinese
|替罪羊
|-
|Czech
|obětní beránek
|-
|Danish
|syndebuk
|-
|Dutch
|zondebok
|-
|English
|scapegoat
|-
|Esperanto
|propeka kapro
|-
|Faroese
|syndabukkur
|-
|Finnish
|syntipukki
|-
|French
|bouc émissaire
|-
|Georgian
|განტევების ვაცი
|-
|German
|Sündenbock
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |שעיר לעזאזל‎
|-
|Hindi
|बकरा
|-
|Hungarian
|bűnbak
|-
|Icelandic
|blóraböggull
|-
|Irish
|ceap milleáin
|-
|Italian
|capro espiatorio
|-
|Japanese
|スケープゴート
|-
|Latvian
|grēkāzis
|-
|Lithuanian
|atpirkimo ožys
|-
|Macedonian
|жртвен јарец
|-
|Malayalam
|ബലിയാട്
|-
|Modern Greek
|αποδιοπομπαίος τράγος
|-
|Norwegian
|syndebukk
|-
|Polish
|kozioł ofiarny
|-
|Russian
|козёл отпущения
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|жртвени јарац / žrtveni jarac
|-
|Spanish
|cabeza de turco
chivo expiatorio
|-
|Swedish
|syndabock
|-
|Thai
|แพะรับบาป
|-
|Turkish
|günah keçisi
|-
|Ukrainian
|козел відпущення
|-
|Welsh
|bwch dihangol
|}

== Prolonged high risk for a position ==
This comes from the story in ''Tusculan Disputations'' (Tusculanae Disputationes), where the courtier Damocles flattered the tyrant of Syracuse and was then invited to a banquet; at the banquet, he suddenly noticed a sword suspended from the ceiling by a single thread over his head, got scared and didn't want to stay any longer; this was meant to show him the risk of being a powerful person.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |سيف مسلت
|-
|Armenian
|դամոկլյան սուր
|-
|Bulgarian
|дамоклев меч
|-
|Catalan
|espasa de Dàmocles
|-
|Chinese
|達摩克利斯之劍／达摩克利斯之剑
|-
|Danish
|damoklessværd
|-
|Dutch
|zwaard van Damocles
|-
|English
|sword of Damocles
|-
|Esperanto
|glavo de Damoklo
|-
|Finnish
|Damokleen miekka
|-
|French
|épée de Damoclès
|-
|German
|Damoklesschwert
|-
|Hausa
|takobin damokilis
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |חרב דמוקלס‎
|-
|Hungarian
|Damoklész kardja
|-
|Italian
|cavar le castagne dal fuoco
|-
|Japanese
|ダモクレスの剣
|-
|Modern Greek
|Δαμόκλειος σπάθη
|-
|Norwegian
|damoklessverd
|-
|Polish
|miecz Damoklesa
|-
|Portuguese
|espada de Dâmocles
|-
|Russian
|дамоклов меч
|-
|Spanish
|espada de Damocles
|-
|Swedish
|damoklessvärd
|}

== Put on the finishing touches ==
This comes from the story in ''Records of Famous Painters from Past Dynasties'' (歷代名畫記), where Zhāng Sēngyóu didn't paint eyes on dragons in the Ānlè Temple at Jīnlíng, saying that the dragons will fly away if he does; he was asked to paint the eyes and when he did on two dragons, they broke through the walls and ascended to the clouds.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|畫龍點睛／画龙点睛
|-
|Japanese
|画竜点睛
|-
|Korean
|화룡점정
|}

== Refuse to adapt to changed conditions ==
This comes from the ''Master Lǚ's Spring and Autumn Annals'' (呂氏春秋), where the sword of a passenger on a boat fell into the river; the passenger made a notch on the boat and said “This is where my sword fell in.” when the boat stopped, he jumped into water from there to find his sword and found nothing.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|刻舟求劍／刻舟求剑
|-
|Japanese
|舟に刻みて剣を求む
|-
|Korean
|각주구검
|-
|Vietnamese
|khắc chu cầu kiếm
|}

== Share the same fate ==
This comes from the story in the ''Commentary of Zuǒ'' (左傳), where the marquis of Jìn asked the duke of Yū for military passage to attack the State of Guó; Gōng Zhīqí admonished the duke of Yū, comparing the relation between Guó and Yū as lips and teeth, saying “When the lips perish, the teeth become cold.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|脣亡齒寒／唇亡齿寒
|-
|Japanese
|唇亡歯寒
|-
|Korean
|순망치한
|-
|Vietnamese
|môi hở răng lạnh
|}

== Something embarrassing and politely ignored ==
This comes from the fable ''The Emperor's New Clothes'' (Kejserens nye klæder), where the emperor was tricked into being naked, believing that he's wearing the finest clothes in the world and only bastards can't see it; then he goes for a parade, only to be challenged by a child. This fable is based on a similar story in ''Tales of Count Lucanor'' (Libro de los enxiemplos del Conde Lucanor et de Patronio), which took place in a Moorish kingdom.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|皇帝的新裝／皇帝的新装
|-
|Danish
|kejserens nye klæder
|-
|English
|the emperor's new clothes
|-
|Finnish
|keisarin uudet vaatteet
|-
|French
|Les habits neufs de l'empereur
|-
|Portuguese
|roupa nova do imperador
|-
|Russian
|Новое платье короля
|-
|Slovak
|cisárove nové šaty
|-
|Swedish
|kejsarens nya kläder
|}

== Source of unforeseen trouble ==
This comes from ''Works and Days'' (Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι), where Zeus gave Epimetheus a jar and told him to keep it closed; his wife Pandora opened it out of curiosity, releasing curses inside upon mankind.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Albanian
|kutia e Pandorës
|-
|Armenian
|Պանդորայի արկղ
|-
|Bashkir
|Пандора ҡумтаһы
|-
|Bulgarian
|кутията на Пандора
|-
|Catalan
|capsa de Pandora
|-
|Chinese
|潘多拉魔盒
|-
|Czech
|Pandořina skříňka
|-
|Danish
|Pandoras æske
|-
|Dutch
|doos van Pandora
|-
|Esperanto
|skatolo de Pandora
|-
|English
|Pandora's box
|-
|Faroese
|eskjan hjá Pandoru
|-
|Finnish
|Pandoran lipas
|-
|French
|boîte de Pandore
|-
|Georgian
|cპანდორას ყუთი
|-
|German
|Pandorabüchse
Büchse der Pandora
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |תיבת פנדורה‎
|-
|Hindi
|पैन्डोरा का बॉक्स
|-
|Hungarian
|Pandóra szelencéje
|-
|Indonesian
|kotak Pandora
|-
|Italian
|vaso di Pandora
|-
|Japanese
|パンドラの箱
|-
|Kazakh
|Пандора қалбыры
|-
|Korean
|판도라의 상자
|-
|Latvian
|Pandoras lāde
|-
|Macedonian
|Пандорина кутија
|-
|Modern Greek
|κουτί της Πανδώρας
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|pandoraeske
|-
|Occitan
|boita de Pandora
|-
|Panjabi
|ਪੰਡੋਰਾ ਦਾ ਡੱਬਾ
|-
|Polish
|puszka Pandory
|-
|Portuguese
|caixa de Pandora
|-
|Romanian
|cutia Pandorei
|-
|Russian
|ящик Пандоры
|-
|Spanish
|caja de Pandora
|-
|Swedish
|Pandoras ask
|-
|Tamil
|பண்டோராவின் பெட்டி
|-
|Turkish
|Pandora'nın kutusu
|-
|Ukrainian
|скринька Пандори
|-
|Uzbek
|Pandora qutisi
|-
|Vietnamese
|chiếc hộp Pandora
|}

== Take damage for others without getting proper rewards ==
This comes from the fable ''The Monkey and the Cat'' (Le Singe et le Chat), where the cat is tricked by the monkey to pull some chestnuts out of the fire, getting its paws burnt and can't stop the monkey from taking all chestnuts away.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Catalan
|treure les castanyes del foc
|-
|Chinese
|火中取栗
|-
|Danish
|rage kastanjerne ud af ilden
|-
|English
|pull someone's chestnuts out of the fire
|-
|Finnish
|hoitaa jonkun homma
|-
|French
|tirer les marrons du feu
|-
|German
|die Kastanien aus dem Feuer holen
|-
|Italian
|cavar le castagne dal fuoco
|-
|Modern Greek
|βγάζω τα κάστανα από τη φωτιά
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|rake kastanjene ut av ilden
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|rake kastanjane ut av elden
|-
|Polish
|wyciągać kasztany z ognia
|-
|Russian
|доставать каштаны из огня
|-
|Spanish
|sacar las castañas del fuego
|-
|Swedish
|kratsa kastanjerna ur elden
|}

== Talk about something the listener doesn't understand ==
This comes from the story in ''Master Móu's Treatise Settling Doubts'' (牟子理惑論), where Gōngmíng Yí played the qín song Qīng Jué towards a cattle and the cattle continued to eat grass as before.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|對牛彈琴／对牛弹琴
|-
|Japanese
|牛に対して琴を弾ず
|-
|Korean
|대우탄금
|-
|Thai
|สีซอให้ควายฟัง
|-
|Vietnamese
|đối ngưu đàn cầm
đàn gảy tai trâu
|}

== Time brings drastic changes ==
This comes from the story in ''Biographies of the Deities and Immortals'' (神仙傳), where Mágū said “Since we met last time, I have seen the East Sea turned into mulberry fields thrice.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|滄海桑田／沧海桑田
|-
|Japanese
|滄海桑田
|-
|Korean
|창해상전
|-
|Vietnamese
|thương hải tang điền
|}

== Unnecessary activity of high risk ==
This comes from the short story ''Russian Roulette'', where it is said that in Russian army in Rumania, around 1917, “some officer would suddenly pull out his revolver, anywhere, at the table, in a café, at a gathering of friends, remove a cartridge from the cylinder, spin the cylinder, snap it back in place, put it to his head and pull the trigger.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
|رولِيت روسي
|-
|Bulgarian
|расейская рулетка
|-
|Bulgarian
|руска рулетка
|-
|Catalan
|ruleta russa
|-
|Chinese
|俄羅斯輪盤／俄罗斯轮盘
|-
|Czech
|ruská ruleta
|-
|Dutch
|Russische roulette
|-
|English
|Russian roulette
|-
|Esperanto
|rusa ruleto
|-
|Finnish
|venäläinen ruletti
|-
|French
|roulette russe
|-
|German
|russisches Roulette
|-
|Hungarian
|orosz rulett
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right" |رولت روسی‎
|-
|Italian
|roulette russa
|-
|Japanese
|ロシアンルーレット
|-
|Jèrriais
|rouôlette Russe
|-
|Korean
|러시안 룰렛
|-
|Lithuanian
|rusiška rueletė
|-
|Macedonian
|руски рулет
|-
|Modern Greek
|Ρώσικη ρουλέτα
|-
|Mongolian
|орос рулет
|-
|Norwegian
|russisk rulett
|-
|Polish
|rosyjska ruletka
|-
|Portuguese
|roleta russa
|-
|Romanian
|ruleta rusească
|-
|Russian
|русская рулетка
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|руски рулет / ruski rulet
|-
|Spanish
|ruleta rusa
|-
|Turkish
|Rus ruleti
|-
|Ukrainian
|російська рулетка
|-
|Vietnamese
|cò quay Nga
|}

== Unrealistic ideal land ==
This comes from ''The Birds'' (Ὄρνιθες), where two men and birds built a state on the clouds.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Ancient Greek
|Νεφελοκοκκυγία
|-
|Czech
|Mrakoptakohrad
Kocourkov
|-
|English
|cloud-cuckoo-land
|-
|Finnish
|Pilvikukkula
Hölmölä
|-
|French
|Coucouville-les-Nuées
|-
|German
|Wolkenkuckucksheim
|-
|Modern Greek
|Νεφελοκοκκυγία
|-
|Polish
|Chmurny Kukułczyn
|-
|Portuguese
|Cucolândia das Nuvens
|}

This comes from ''The Peach Blossom Spring'' (桃花源記), where a fisherman discovered an isolated village hidden behind a peach forest.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|桃花源
|-
|Japanese
|桃源郷
|-
|Korean
|도원향
|}

This comes from ''Lost Horizon'', where people were living hundreds of years in happiness at the isolated village Shangri-La.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Burmese
|ရှန်ဂရီလာ‎
|-
|Chinese
|香格里拉
|-
|English
|Shangri-La
|-
|Esperanto
|Ŝangrilao
|-
|Finnish
|Shangri-La
|-
|French
|Shangri-La
|-
|German
|Shangri-La
|-
|Japanese
|シャングリラ
|-
|Korean
|샹그릴라
|-
|Mongolian
|Шангри-Ла
|-
|Portuguese
|xangri-lá
|-
|Russian
|Шангри-Ла
|}

== Vulnarability ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where Thetis dipped Achilles in River Styx to make him invulnerable, holding one of his heels, leaving it his only vulnerable point.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |كعب أخيل‎
|-
|Armenian
|աքիլեսյան գարշապար
|-
|Asturian
|calcañu d'Aquiles
|-
|Bulgarian
|Ахилесова пета
|-
|Catalan
|taló d'Aquil·les
|-
|Chinese
|阿喀琉斯之踵
|-
|Czech
|Achilova pata
|-
|Danish
|akilleshæl
|-
|Dutch
|achilleshiel
|-
|English
|Achilles' heel
|-
|Finnish
|akilleenkantapää
|-
|French
|talon d'Achille
|-
|Galician
|talón de Aquiles
|-
|Georgian
|აქილევსის ქუსლი
|-
|German
|Achillesferse
|-
|Hungarian
|Achilles-sarok
|-
|Interlingua
|calce de Achilles
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |پاشنه آشیل‎
|-
|Italian
|tallone di Achille
|-
|Japanese
|アキレス腱
|-
|Korean
|아킬레스 건
|-
|Macedonian
|Ахилова пета
|-
|Modern Greek
|αχίλλειος πτέρνα
|-
|Norwegian
|akilleshæl
|-
|Polish
|pięta Achillesa
|-
|Portuguese
|calcanhar de Aquiles
|-
|Romanian
|călcâiul lui Ahile
|-
|Russian
|ахиллесова пята
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|Ахилова пета / Ahilova peta
|-
|Spanish
|talón de Aquiles
|-
|Swedish
|akilleshäl
|-
|Tagalog
|sakong ni Akiles
|}

== Wait to get something for nothing by chance ==
This comes from ''Master Hán Fēi'' (韓非子), where a farmer saw a hare bumping into a stump, killing itself; the farmer then stopped working, hoping to get another hare the same way.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|守株待兔
|-
|Japanese
|株を守もる
|-
|Korean
|수주대토
|-
|Vietnamese
|thủ chu đãi thố
|}

Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Common-Allusions

2023-12-30T20:15:34Z

About Blank: /* Something embarrassing and politely ignored */

[[File:common-allusions-different-languages.png|thumb]]
Hello everyone!

Welcome to our exploration of similar allusions found across various cultures worldwide. In this lesson, we'll delve into the ways in which different cultures express similar ideas and concepts.

Please note that this page is part of a broader series, connected to our main topic: [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Similar-Sayings]].

In progress.

== Ability to achieve financial reward ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where King Midas was given the ability to turn anything he touches into gold.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|English
|Midas touch
|-
|Finnish
|Midaan kosketus
|-
|French
|touche de Midas
|-
|Galician
|toque de Midas
|-
|Italian
|tocco di Mida
|-
|Modern Greek
|άγγιγμα του Μίδα
|-
|Portuguese
|toque de Midas
|}

== Be true to one's words ==
This comes from ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (史記), where Chǔ people say “receiving 100 jīn gold is nothing compared to accepting a promise from Jì Bù”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|一諾千金／一诺千金
|-
|Japanese
|一諾千金
|-
|Korean
|일낙천금
|}

== Between two dangers ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where monsters Scylla and Charybdis were sited on both sides of Strait of Messina, where Odysseus had to pass through.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Danish
|mellem Skylla og Karybdis
|-
|English
|between Scylla and Charybdis
|-
|Finnish
|Skyllan ja Kharybdiksen välillä
|-
|French
|tomber de Charybde en Scylla
|-
|German
|zwischen Skylla und Charybdis sein
|-
|Modern Greek
|μεταξύ Σκύλλας και Χάρυβδης
|-
|Polish
|między Scyllą a Charybdą
|-
|Russian
|между Сциллой и Харибдой
|-
|Spanish
|entre Escila y Caribdis
|-
|Swedish
|mellan Skylla och Karybdis
|}

== Costly victory ==
This comes from the story of the Battle of Heraclea and the Battle of Asculum, where King Pyrrhus of Epirus defeated Rome, suffering heavy casualties.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Armenian
|պյուռոսյան հաղթանակ
|-
|Azerbaijani
|Pirr qələbəsi
|-
|Bulgarian
|Пирова победа
|-
|Chinese
|皮洛士式勝利／皮洛士式胜利
|-
|Czech
|Pyrrhovo vítězství
|-
|Danish
|pyrrhussejr
|-
|Dutch
|pyrrusoverwinning
|-
|English
|Pyrrhic victory
|-
|Esperanto
|Pirha venko
|-
|Finnish
|Pyrrhoksen voitto
|-
|French
|victoire à la Pyrrhus
|-
|German
|Pyrrhussieg
|-
|Hungarian
|pirruszi győzelem‎
|-
|Indonesian
|kemenangan piris
|-
|Italian
|vittoria di Pirro
|-
|Japanese
|ピュロスの勝利
|-
|Latin
|victoria Pyrrhica
|-
|Macedonian
|Пирова победа
|-
|Modern Greek
|Πύρρειος νίκη
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|pyrrhosseier
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|pyrrhossiger
|-
|Polish
|pyrrusowe zwycięstwo
|-
|Portuguese
|vitória de Pirro
vitória pírrica
|-
|Romanian
|victorie à la Pirus
|-
|Russian
|Пиррова победа
|-
|Slovak
|Pyrrhovo víťazstvo
|-
|Spanish
|victoria pírrica
|-
|Swedish
|pyrrhusseger
|}

== Device or person placed within the enemy ==
This comes from the story of Trojan War in ''Aeneid'' (Aenē̆is), where Odysseus built a wooden horse, hid himself and soldiers inside, let the Trojan force capture the wooden horse as a trophy, then opened the gate of Troy at night to let the Greek army in.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Armenian
|Տրոյական ձի
|-
|Chinese
|特洛伊木馬／特洛伊木马
|-
|Czech
|trojský kůň
|-
|Danish
|trojansk hest
|-
|English
|Trojan horse
|-
|Esperanto
|troja ĉevalo
|-
|Finnish
|Troijan hevonen
|-
|French
|cheval de Troie
|-
|German
|trojanisches Pferd
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |סוס טרויאני
|-
|Hungarian
|trójai faló‎
|-
|Icelandic
|trójuhestur
|-
|Italian
|cavallo di Troia
|-
|Japanese
|トロイの木馬
|-
|Korean
|트로이 목마
|-
|Latin
|equus Troianus
|-
|Macedonian
|Тројанскиот коњ
|-
|Modern Greek
|δούρειος ίππος
|-
|Polish
|koń trojański
|-
|Portuguese
|cavalo de Troia
|-
|Romanian
|cal troian
|-
|Russian
|Троянский конь
|-
|Spanish
|caballo de Troya
|}

== Distortion of the truth by a powerful person ==
This comes from the story in ''New Account'' (新語), where Zhào Gāo rid a deer and called it a horse; the Emperor was confused and Zhào Gāo asked ministers; some kept silent, some said it was a horse, some said it was a deer; those who said it was a deer were eliminated by Zhào Gāo.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|指鹿為馬／指鹿为马
|-
|Japanese
|指鹿為馬
|-
|Korean
|지록위마
|}

== Face hostilities from all sides ==
This comes from the story of Battle of Gāixià in the ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (史記), where the coalition force of Hàn surrounded the Chǔ army and sang Chǔ folk songs.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|四面楚歌
|-
|Japanese
|四面楚歌
|-
|Korean
|사면초가
|}

== Flawless ==
This comes from the story in the ''Records of Spirits and Monsters'' (靈怪錄), where the clothing from heaven has no seams.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|天衣無縫／天衣无缝
|-
|Japanese
|天衣無縫
|-
|Korean
|천의무봉
|}

== Harmful person in peaceful disguise ==
This comes from the story in ''Gospel of Matthew'' (Κατά Ματθαίο Ευαγγέλιον), where the Lord says “Beware of false prophets which come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Albanian
|ujk me lëkurë qengji
|-
|Belarusian
|воўк у авечай шкуры
|-
|Chinese
|披著羊皮的狼／披着羊皮的狼
|-
|Czech
|vlk v rouše beránčím
|-
|Danish
|ulv i fåreklæder
|-
|Dutch
|wolf in schaapskleren
|-
|English
|wolf in sheep's clothing
|-
|Finnish
|susi lampaan vaatteissa
|-
|French
|loup déguisé en agneau
|-
|Galician
|lobo con pel de ovella
|-
|Georgian
|მგელი ცხვრის ტყავში
|-
|German
|Wolf im Schafspelz
|-
|Hindi
|भेड़ की खाल में भेड़िया
|-
|Hungarian
|báránybőrbe bújt farkas
|-
|Icelandic
|úlfur í sauðargæru
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right" |گرگ در لباس میش‎
|-
|Italian
|lupo travestito da agnello
|-
|Japanese
|羊の皮を着た狼
|-
|Kirgiz
|кой терисин жамынган карышкыр
|-
|Latin
|lupus in vestimentum ovium
|-
|Latvian
|vilks aitas ādā
|-
|Lithuanian
|vilkas avies kailyje
|-
|Malagasy
|amboadia mitafy hodi-janak' ondry
|-
|Malay
|serigala berbulu domba
|-
|Modern Greek
|λύκος εις δέρμα προβάτου
λύκος με προβιά αρνιού
|-
|Norwegian
|ulv i fåreklær
|-
|Polish
|wilk w owczej skórze
|-
|Portuguese
|lobo em pele de cordeiro
|-
|Romanian
|lup îmbrăcat în piele de oaie
|-
|Russian
|волк в овечьей шкуре
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|вук у јањећој кожи / vuk u janjećoj koži
|-
|Slovenian
|volk v ovčji koži
|-
|Spanish
|un lobo con piel de cordero
|-
|Swedish
|ulv i fårakläder
|-
|Ukrainian
|вовк в овечій шкурі
|-
|Vietnamese
|sói đội lốt cừu
|}

== Impose oneself hardships to accomplish something ==
This comes from the story in ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (史記), where King Gōujiàn of Yuè was defeated by the State of Wú; he forced himself to sleep on firewood and lick a gallbladder every day to remind himself to revenge.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|臥薪嘗膽／卧薪尝胆
|-
|Japanese
|臥薪嘗膽
|-
|Korean
|와신상담
|-
|Vietnamese
|nếm mật nằm gai
nằm gai nếm mật
|}

== Improve something unnecessarily ==
This comes from the story in ''Strategies of the Warring States'' (戰國策), where a man gave his servants a jug of wine; the servants decided to compete drawing a snake on the ground and the one who finishes it first wins the wine; one finished, grabbed the jug and said “I can draw feet for it” and started drawing feet for the snake; another one finished drawing the snake, snatched his wine, said “A snake doesn't have feet. How can you do it?” and drank the wine.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|畫蛇添足／画蛇添足
|-
|Japanese
|画蛇添足
|-
|Korean
|화사첨족
|-
|Vietnamese
|hoạ xà thiêm túc
vẽ rắn thêm chân
|}

== Invasive authority with mass surveillance ==
This comes from the novel ''1984'', where in the state of Oceania, there is a motto “Big Brother is watching you” referring to the applied mass surveillance.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|老大哥
|-
|English
|Big Brother
|-
|Finnish
|isoveli
|-
|French
|Big Brother
|-
|Hungarian
|Nagy Testvér
|-
|Modern Greek
|Μεγάλος Αδελφός
|-
|Polish
|Wielki Brat
|-
|Portuguese
|Grande Irmão
|-
|Russian
|Большо́й Брат
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|велики брат / veliki brat
|-
|Spanish
|Gran Hermano
|-
|Swedish
|storebror
|}

== Laborious and futile task ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where King Sisyphos of Ephyra killed visitors to show off his power and was forced by gods to do a task for eternity: to roll an immense boulder up a hill and repeat when it rolls back.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Danish
|sisyfosarbejde
|-
|English
|Sisyphean labour
|-
|French
|rocher de Sisyphe
|-
|German
|Sisyphusarbeit‎
|-
|Modern Greek
|Σισύφειο μαρτύριο
|-
|Russian
|сизифов труд
|-
|Swedish
|sisyfosarbete
|-
|Ukrainian
|сізіфова праця
|}

== Land of abundance ==
This comes from the story in ''Book of Exodus'' (שְׁמוֹת), where the Lord referred the Land of Israel “land flowing with milk and honey”.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|English
|land of milk and honey
|-
|French
|pays où coulent le lait et le miel
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |ארֶץ זבת חלב וּדְבש‎
|-
|Polish
|kraina mlekiem i miodem płynąca‎
|-
|Portuguese
|terra de leite e mel
|}

== Misfortune may turn into fortune and vice versa ==
This comes from the story in ''Master Huái Nán'' (淮南子), where an old man lived at the frontier; one of his horses strayed into Xiōngnú land; the horse came back accompanied with another horse; the old man's son rid the new horse, fell and broke his leg; in a Xiōngnú invasion, able-bodied men volunteered and nine out of ten died in battle, while the old man and his son kept alive.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|塞翁失馬，焉知非福／塞翁失马，焉知非福
|-
|Japanese
|人間万事塞翁が馬
|-
|Korean
|인간만사 새옹지마
|-
|Vietnamese
|tái ông thất mã, yên tri phi phúc
|}

== Obvious matter being ignored ==
This comes from the fable ''The Inquisitive Man'' (Любопытный), where a man noticed everything except an elephant in a room, in a museum.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Amharic
|በክፍሉ ውስጥ ዝሆን
|-
|Armenian
|փիղ մեջ տարածությունը
|-
|Chinese
|房間裡的大象／房间里的大象
|-
|Danish
|olifant in de kamer
|-
|English
|elephant in the room
|-
|Esperanto
|elefanto en la ĉambro
|-
|Finnish
|virtahepo olohuoneessa
|-
|French
|éléphant dans la pièce
|-
|Georgian
|ადგილში სპილო
|-
|German
|Elefant im Raum
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |פיל בחדר‎
|-
|Hindi
|कमरे में हाथी
|-
|Hungarian
|elefánt a szobában
|-
|Icelandic
|gajah di dalam sang kamar
|-
|Italian
|elefante nella stanza
|-
|Japanese
|部屋の象
|-
|Korean
|방안의 코끼리
|-
|Modern Greek
|ελέφαντας στο δωμάτιο
|-
|Polish
|słoń w salonie
|-
|Portuguese
|elefante na sala
|-
|Romanian
|elefantul din cameră
|-
|Russian
|слона-то я и не приметил
|-
|Spanish
|elefante en la habitación
|-
|Swedish
|elefanten i rummet
|-
|Thai
|ช้างในห้อง
|}

== Panic and be overly sensitive ==
This comes from the story in ''Book of Jìn'' (晉書), where the defeated troops of Qín heard the sound of the wind and the cry of cranes, believed that the enemy has come.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|風聲鶴唳／风声鹤唳
|-
|Japanese
|風声鶴唳
|-
|Korean
|풍성학려
|}

== Person blamed for someone else's failure ==
This comes from the story in ''Book of Leviticus'' (ויקרא), where Aaron confessed the sins of the people of Israel with his hands on a goat's head; the goat was sent to wilderness, bearing all the sins.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |كبش فداء
|-
|Armenian
|քավության նոխազ
|-
|Bulgarian
|изкупителна жертва
|-
|Catalan
|boc expiatori
|-
|Chinese
|替罪羊
|-
|Czech
|obětní beránek
|-
|Danish
|syndebuk
|-
|Dutch
|zondebok
|-
|English
|scapegoat
|-
|Esperanto
|propeka kapro
|-
|Faroese
|syndabukkur
|-
|Finnish
|syntipukki
|-
|French
|bouc émissaire
|-
|Georgian
|განტევების ვაცი
|-
|German
|Sündenbock
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |שעיר לעזאזל‎
|-
|Hindi
|बकरा
|-
|Hungarian
|bűnbak
|-
|Icelandic
|blóraböggull
|-
|Irish
|ceap milleáin
|-
|Italian
|capro espiatorio
|-
|Japanese
|スケープゴート
|-
|Latvian
|grēkāzis
|-
|Lithuanian
|atpirkimo ožys
|-
|Macedonian
|жртвен јарец
|-
|Malayalam
|ബലിയാട്
|-
|Modern Greek
|αποδιοπομπαίος τράγος
|-
|Norwegian
|syndebukk
|-
|Polish
|kozioł ofiarny
|-
|Russian
|козёл отпущения
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|жртвени јарац / žrtveni jarac
|-
|Spanish
|cabeza de turco
chivo expiatorio
|-
|Swedish
|syndabock
|-
|Thai
|แพะรับบาป
|-
|Turkish
|günah keçisi
|-
|Ukrainian
|козел відпущення
|-
|Welsh
|bwch dihangol
|}

== Prolonged high risk for a position ==
This comes from the story in ''Tusculan Disputations'' (Tusculanae Disputationes), where the courtier Damocles flattered the tyrant of Syracuse and was then invited to a banquet; at the banquet, he suddenly noticed a sword suspended from the ceiling by a single thread over his head, got scared and didn't want to stay any longer; this was meant to show him the risk of being a powerful person.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |سيف مسلت
|-
|Armenian
|դամոկլյան սուր
|-
|Bulgarian
|дамоклев меч
|-
|Catalan
|espasa de Dàmocles
|-
|Chinese
|達摩克利斯之劍／达摩克利斯之剑
|-
|Danish
|damoklessværd
|-
|Dutch
|zwaard van Damocles
|-
|English
|sword of Damocles
|-
|Esperanto
|glavo de Damoklo
|-
|Finnish
|Damokleen miekka
|-
|French
|épée de Damoclès
|-
|German
|Damoklesschwert
|-
|Hausa
|takobin damokilis
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |חרב דמוקלס‎
|-
|Hungarian
|Damoklész kardja
|-
|Italian
|cavar le castagne dal fuoco
|-
|Japanese
|ダモクレスの剣
|-
|Modern Greek
|Δαμόκλειος σπάθη
|-
|Norwegian
|damoklessverd
|-
|Polish
|miecz Damoklesa
|-
|Portuguese
|espada de Dâmocles
|-
|Russian
|дамоклов меч
|-
|Spanish
|espada de Damocles
|-
|Swedish
|damoklessvärd
|}

== Put on the finishing touches ==
This comes from the story in ''Records of Famous Painters from Past Dynasties'' (歷代名畫記), where Zhāng Sēngyóu didn't paint eyes on dragons in the Ānlè Temple at Jīnlíng, saying that the dragons will fly away if he does; he was asked to paint the eyes and when he did on two dragons, they broke through the walls and ascended to the clouds.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|畫龍點睛／画龙点睛
|-
|Japanese
|画竜点睛
|-
|Korean
|화룡점정
|}

== Refuse to adapt to changed conditions ==
This comes from the ''Master Lǚ's Spring and Autumn Annals'' (呂氏春秋), where the sword of a passenger on a boat fell into the river; the passenger made a notch on the boat and said “This is where my sword fell in.” when the boat stopped, he jumped into water from there to find his sword and found nothing.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|刻舟求劍／刻舟求剑
|-
|Japanese
|舟に刻みて剣を求む
|-
|Korean
|각주구검
|-
|Vietnamese
|khắc chu cầu kiếm
|}

== Share the same fate ==
This comes from the story in the ''Commentary of Zuǒ'' (左傳), where the marquis of Jìn asked the duke of Yū for military passage to attack the State of Guó; Gōng Zhīqí admonished the duke of Yū, comparing the relation between Guó and Yū as lips and teeth, saying “When the lips perish, the teeth become cold.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|脣亡齒寒／唇亡齿寒
|-
|Japanese
|唇亡歯寒
|-
|Korean
|순망치한
|-
|Vietnamese
|môi hở răng lạnh
|}

== Something embarrassing and politely ignored ==
This comes from the fable ''The Emperor's New Clothes'' (Kejserens nye klæder), where the emperor was tricked into being naked, believing that he's wearing the finest clothes in the world and only bastards can't see it; then he goes for a parade, only to be challenged by a child. This fable is based on a similar story in ''Tales of Count Lucanor'' (Libro de los enxiemplos del Conde Lucanor et de Patronio), which took place in a Moorish kingdom.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|皇帝的新裝／皇帝的新装
|-
|Danish
|kejserens nye klæder
|-
|English
|the emperor's new clothes
|-
|Finnish
|keisarin uudet vaatteet
|-
|French
|Les habits neufs de l'empereur
|-
|Portuguese
|roupa nova do imperador
|-
|Russian
|Новое платье короля
|-
|Slovak
|cisárove nové šaty
|-
|Swedish
|kejsarens nya kläder
|}

== Source of unforeseen trouble ==
This comes from ''Works and Days'' (Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι), where Zeus gave Epimetheus a jar and told him to keep it closed; his wife Pandora opened it out of curiosity, releasing curses inside upon mankind.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Albanian
|kutia e Pandorës
|-
|Armenian
|Պանդորայի արկղ
|-
|Bashkir
|Пандора ҡумтаһы
|-
|Bulgarian
|кутията на Пандора
|-
|Catalan
|capsa de Pandora
|-
|Chinese
|潘多拉魔盒
|-
|Czech
|Pandořina skříňka
|-
|Danish
|Pandoras æske
|-
|Dutch
|doos van Pandora
|-
|Esperanto
|skatolo de Pandora
|-
|English
|Pandora's box
|-
|Faroese
|eskjan hjá Pandoru
|-
|Finnish
|Pandoran lipas
|-
|French
|boîte de Pandore
|-
|Georgian
|cპანდორას ყუთი
|-
|German
|Pandorabüchse
Büchse der Pandora
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |תיבת פנדורה‎
|-
|Hindi
|पैन्डोरा का बॉक्स
|-
|Hungarian
|Pandóra szelencéje
|-
|Indonesian
|kotak Pandora
|-
|Italian
|vaso di Pandora
|-
|Japanese
|パンドラの箱
|-
|Kazakh
|Пандора қалбыры
|-
|Korean
|판도라의 상자
|-
|Latvian
|Pandoras lāde
|-
|Macedonian
|Пандорина кутија
|-
|Modern Greek
|κουτί της Πανδώρας
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|pandoraeske
|-
|Occitan
|boita de Pandora
|-
|Panjabi
|ਪੰਡੋਰਾ ਦਾ ਡੱਬਾ
|-
|Polish
|puszka Pandory
|-
|Portuguese
|caixa de Pandora
|-
|Romanian
|cutia Pandorei
|-
|Russian
|ящик Пандоры
|-
|Spanish
|caja de Pandora
|-
|Swedish
|Pandoras ask
|-
|Tamil
|பண்டோராவின் பெட்டி
|-
|Turkish
|Pandora'nın kutusu
|-
|Ukrainian
|скринька Пандори
|-
|Uzbek
|Pandora qutisi
|-
|Vietnamese
|chiếc hộp Pandora
|}

== Take damage for others without getting proper rewards ==
This comes from the fable ''The Monkey and the Cat'' (Le Singe et le Chat), where the cat is tricked by the monkey to pull some chestnuts out of the fire, getting its paws burnt and can't stop the monkey from taking all chestnuts away.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Catalan
|treure les castanyes del foc
|-
|Chinese
|火中取栗
|-
|Danish
|rage kastanjerne ud af ilden
|-
|English
|pull someone's chestnuts out of the fire
|-
|Finnish
|hoitaa jonkun homma
|-
|French
|tirer les marrons du feu
|-
|German
|die Kastanien aus dem Feuer holen
|-
|Italian
|cavar le castagne dal fuoco
|-
|Modern Greek
|βγάζω τα κάστανα από τη φωτιά
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|rake kastanjene ut av ilden
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|rake kastanjane ut av elden
|-
|Polish
|wyciągać kasztany z ognia
|-
|Spanish
|sacar las castañas del fuego
|-
|Swedish
|kratsa kastanjerna ur elden
|}

== Talk about something the listener doesn't understand ==
This comes from the story in ''Master Móu's Treatise Settling Doubts'' (牟子理惑論), where Gōngmíng Yí played the qín song Qīng Jué towards a cattle and the cattle continued to eat grass as before.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|對牛彈琴／对牛弹琴
|-
|Japanese
|牛に対して琴を弾ず
|-
|Korean
|대우탄금
|-
|Thai
|สีซอให้ควายฟัง
|-
|Vietnamese
|đối ngưu đàn cầm
đàn gảy tai trâu
|}

== Time brings drastic changes ==
This comes from the story in ''Biographies of the Deities and Immortals'' (神仙傳), where Mágū said “Since we met last time, I have seen the East Sea turned into mulberry fields thrice.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|滄海桑田／沧海桑田
|-
|Japanese
|滄海桑田
|-
|Korean
|창해상전
|-
|Vietnamese
|thương hải tang điền
|}

== Unnecessary activity of high risk ==
This comes from the short story ''Russian Roulette'', where it is said that in Russian army in Rumania, around 1917, “some officer would suddenly pull out his revolver, anywhere, at the table, in a café, at a gathering of friends, remove a cartridge from the cylinder, spin the cylinder, snap it back in place, put it to his head and pull the trigger.”

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
|رولِيت روسي
|-
|Bulgarian
|расейская рулетка
|-
|Bulgarian
|руска рулетка
|-
|Catalan
|ruleta russa
|-
|Chinese
|俄羅斯輪盤／俄罗斯轮盘
|-
|Czech
|ruská ruleta
|-
|Dutch
|Russische roulette
|-
|English
|Russian roulette
|-
|Esperanto
|rusa ruleto
|-
|Finnish
|venäläinen ruletti
|-
|French
|roulette russe
|-
|German
|russisches Roulette
|-
|Hungarian
|orosz rulett
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right" |رولت روسی‎
|-
|Italian
|roulette russa
|-
|Japanese
|ロシアンルーレット
|-
|Jèrriais
|rouôlette Russe
|-
|Korean
|러시안 룰렛
|-
|Lithuanian
|rusiška rueletė
|-
|Macedonian
|руски рулет
|-
|Modern Greek
|Ρώσικη ρουλέτα
|-
|Mongolian
|орос рулет
|-
|Norwegian
|russisk rulett
|-
|Polish
|rosyjska ruletka
|-
|Portuguese
|roleta russa
|-
|Romanian
|ruleta rusească
|-
|Russian
|русская рулетка
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|руски рулет / ruski rulet
|-
|Spanish
|ruleta rusa
|-
|Turkish
|Rus ruleti
|-
|Ukrainian
|російська рулетка
|-
|Vietnamese
|cò quay Nga
|}

== Unrealistic ideal land ==
This comes from ''The Birds'' (Ὄρνιθες), where two men and birds built a state on the clouds.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Ancient Greek
|Νεφελοκοκκυγία
|-
|Czech
|Mrakoptakohrad
Kocourkov
|-
|English
|cloud-cuckoo-land
|-
|Finnish
|Pilvikukkula
Hölmölä
|-
|French
|Coucouville-les-Nuées
|-
|German
|Wolkenkuckucksheim
|-
|Modern Greek
|Νεφελοκοκκυγία
|-
|Polish
|Chmurny Kukułczyn
|-
|Portuguese
|Cucolândia das Nuvens
|}

This comes from ''The Peach Blossom Spring'' (桃花源記), where a fisherman discovered an isolated village hidden behind a peach forest.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|桃花源
|-
|Japanese
|桃源郷
|-
|Korean
|도원향
|}

This comes from ''Lost Horizon'', where people were living hundreds of years in happiness at the isolated village Shangri-La.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Burmese
|ရှန်ဂရီလာ‎
|-
|Chinese
|香格里拉
|-
|English
|Shangri-La
|-
|Esperanto
|Ŝangrilao
|-
|Finnish
|Shangri-La
|-
|French
|Shangri-La
|-
|German
|Shangri-La
|-
|Japanese
|シャングリラ
|-
|Korean
|샹그릴라
|-
|Mongolian
|Шангри-Ла
|-
|Portuguese
|xangri-lá
|-
|Russian
|Шангри-Ла
|}

== Vulnarability ==
This comes from the Greek myth, where Thetis dipped Achilles in River Styx to make him invulnerable, holding one of his heels, leaving it his only vulnerable point.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |كعب أخيل‎
|-
|Armenian
|աքիլեսյան գարշապար
|-
|Asturian
|calcañu d'Aquiles
|-
|Bulgarian
|Ахилесова пета
|-
|Catalan
|taló d'Aquil·les
|-
|Chinese
|阿喀琉斯之踵
|-
|Czech
|Achilova pata
|-
|Danish
|akilleshæl
|-
|Dutch
|achilleshiel
|-
|English
|Achilles' heel
|-
|Finnish
|akilleenkantapää
|-
|French
|talon d'Achille
|-
|Galician
|talón de Aquiles
|-
|Georgian
|აქილევსის ქუსლი
|-
|German
|Achillesferse
|-
|Hungarian
|Achilles-sarok
|-
|Interlingua
|calce de Achilles
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |پاشنه آشیل‎
|-
|Italian
|tallone di Achille
|-
|Japanese
|アキレス腱
|-
|Korean
|아킬레스 건
|-
|Macedonian
|Ахилова пета
|-
|Modern Greek
|αχίλλειος πτέρνα
|-
|Norwegian
|akilleshæl
|-
|Polish
|pięta Achillesa
|-
|Portuguese
|calcanhar de Aquiles
|-
|Romanian
|călcâiul lui Ahile
|-
|Russian
|ахиллесова пята
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|Ахилова пета / Ahilova peta
|-
|Spanish
|talón de Aquiles
|-
|Swedish
|akilleshäl
|-
|Tagalog
|sakong ni Akiles
|}

== Wait to get something for nothing by chance ==
This comes from ''Master Hán Fēi'' (韓非子), where a farmer saw a hare bumping into a stump, killing itself; the farmer then stopped working, hoping to get another hare the same way.

{| class="wikitable"
!language
!term
|-
|Chinese
|守株待兔
|-
|Japanese
|株を守もる
|-
|Korean
|수주대토
|-
|Vietnamese
|thủ chu đãi thố
|}

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-30T15:13:23Z

About Blank: /* International Women's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations, and these holidays play a significant role in the lives of the Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. The celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has accumulated over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s years of the XX century, the celebrating of Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. Renewed New Year`s traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the new year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues until the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. In these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|Regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
The song about this little spruce, as the Russian equivalent of “Jingle Bell”, sounds from "every iron" in these days.

The second meaning of the word "Ёлка" is New Year's performances for children.
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since he is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of Winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Reminds of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pabedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for the Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Международный женский день || Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
| Цве́ты || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравле́ния || Pazdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права́ же́нщин || Pravá génschin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey to becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-30T15:11:07Z

About Blank: /* Victory Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations, and these holidays play a significant role in the lives of the Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. The celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has accumulated over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s years of the XX century, the celebrating of Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. Renewed New Year`s traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the new year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues until the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. In these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|Regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
The song about this little spruce, as the Russian equivalent of “Jingle Bell”, sounds from "every iron" in these days.

The second meaning of the word "Ёлка" is New Year's performances for children.
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since he is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of Winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Reminds of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pabedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for the Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Международный женский день || Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
| Цветы || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравления || Pozdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права женщин || Prava zhénshchin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey to becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-30T15:09:34Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations, and these holidays play a significant role in the lives of the Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. The celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has accumulated over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s years of the XX century, the celebrating of Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. Renewed New Year`s traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the new year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues until the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. In these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|Regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
The song about this little spruce, as the Russian equivalent of “Jingle Bell”, sounds from "every iron" in these days.

The second meaning of the word "Ёлка" is New Year's performances for children.
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since he is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of Winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Reminds of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pobedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for the Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Международный женский день || Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
| Цветы || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравления || Pozdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права женщин || Prava zhénshchin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey to becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Similar-Sayings

2023-12-29T23:06:51Z

About Blank: /* Give one a little benefit and the one will demand more */

<div class="pg_page_title">Saying with Similar Meanings in Many languages</div>
[[File:Polyglot_sayings2.jpg|thumb]]
Hi polyglots 😊

This is the perfect lesson for polyglots! You'll be able to learn sayings with similar meanings in many languages!

In the list below, you'll find idioms, proverbs & saying with similar meanings in different languages.

Feel free to edit the tables below if some saying or languages are missing.

This page has a child: [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Common-Allusions]].

__TOC__

[In progress]

== Achieve two goals with one action ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|twee vlieë met een klap slaan
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |ضرب عصفورين بحجر واحد‎
|hit two sparrows with one stone
|-
|Armenian
|մի գնդակով երկու նապաստակ խփել
|hit two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Azerbaijani
|bir güllə ilə iki dovşan vurmaq
|hit two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Bengali
|এক ঢিলে দুই পাখি মারা
|hit two birds with one stone
|-
|Breton
|lazhañ div voualc'h gant ur maen
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Bulgarian
|да убиеш с един куршум два заека
|kill two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Catalan
|matar dos pardals d'un tret
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Central Kurdish
| style="text-align:right;" |بە بەردێک دوو چۆلەکە بکوژە‎
|kill two frogs with one stone
|-
|Chinese
|一箭雙鵰／一箭双雕
|one arrow, two eagles
|-
|Chinese
|一石二鳥／一石二鸟
|one stone, two birds
|-
|Czech
|zabít dvě mouchy jednou ranou
|kill two flies with one hit
|-
|Danish
|slå to fluer med et smæk
|hit two flies with one slap
|-
|Dutch
|twee vliegen in één klap slaan
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Esperanto
|trafi du celojn per unu ŝtono
|hit two targets with one stone
|-
|Estonian
|tapma kaks kärbest ühe hoobiga
|kill two flies in one slap
|-
|Finnish
|tappaa kaksi kärpästä yhdellä iskulla
|kill two flies in one slap
|-
|French
|faire d’une pierre deux coups
|use a stone for two hits
|-
|Georgian
|ერთი გასროლით ორი კურდღლის მოკვლა
|kill two rabbits with one shot
|-
|German
|zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |לתפוס שתי ציפורים במכה אחת
|catch two birds with one stone
|-
|Hungarian
|két legyet üt egy csapásra
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Icelandic
|slá tvær flugur í einu höggi
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Indonesian
|sekali mendayung, dua-tiga pulau terlampaui
|reach two-three islands with one rowing stroke
|-
|Irish
|dhá éan a mharú leis an urchar amháin
|kill two birds with one shot
|-
|Italian
|prendere due piccioni con una fava
|catch two pigeons with one fava bean
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |با یک تیر دو نشان زدن‎
|hitting two targets with one arrow
|-
|Japanese
|一石二鳥
|one stone, two birds
|-
|Kazakh
|бір оқпен екі қоян ату
|kill two birds with one shot
|-
|Korean
|일석이조
|one stone, two birds
|-
|Latin
|Duo parietes de eadem fidelia dealbare
|whitewash two walls out of the same bucket
|-
|Latvian
|nošaut divus zaķus ar vienu šāvienu
|shoot two bunnies with one shot
|-
|Lithuanian
|vienu šūviu nušauti du zuikius
|shoot two rabbits with one shot
|-
|Luxembourgish
|zwou Mécken op ee Schlag kréien
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Malay
|sambil menyelam minum air
|submerge and drink at the same time
|-
|Mongolian
|нэг сумаар хоёр туулай буудах
|kill two hares with one bullet
|-
|Modern Greek
|μ' ένα σμπάρο δυο τρυγόνια
|with one shot, two pigeons
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|slå to fluer i en smekk
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|slå to fluger i ein smekk
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Polish
|upiec dwie pieczenie na jednym ogniu
|cook two roasts on one fire
|-
|Portuguese
|matar dois coelhos com uma cajadada só
|kill two rabbits with a single crook blow
|-
|Romanian
|omorî două muște dintr-o lovitură
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Romanian
|împușca doi iepuri dintr-un foc
|kill two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Russian
|убить одним выстрелом двух зайцев
|kill two hares with one shot
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|убити једним ударцем двије мухе / ùbiti jèdnīm ùdārcem dvȉje mùhe
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Sinhala
|එක ගලෙන් කුරුල්ලෝ දෙන්නයි
|two birds by one stone
|-
|Spanish
|matar dos pájaros de un tiro
|kill two birds with one shot
|-
|Swedish
|slå två flugor i en smäll
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Tamil
|ఒకేదెబ్బకు రెండు పిట్టలు
|two birds with one stone
|-
|Thai
|ยิงปืนนัดเดียวได้นกสองตัว
|shoot two birds with one stone
|-
|Turkish
|bir taşla iki kuş vurmak
|hit two birds with one stone
|-
|Ukrainian
|вбити двох зайців одним пострілом
|kill two hares in one shot
|-
|Vietnamese
|nhất tiễn song điêu
|one arrow, two eagles
|-
|Vietnamese
|một mũi tên trúng hai đích
|two targets with one arrow
|-
|Welsh
|lladd dau aderyn â'r un garreg
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Yiddish
| style="text-align:right;" |שיסן צוויי האזן מיט איין שאס‎
|shoot two hares with one shot
|}

== Achievements require patience ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Amharic
|ሮም፡በአንድ፡ቀን፡አልተገነባችም
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |لم تبن روما في يوم
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Bulgarian
|хубавите неща стават бавно
|good things happen slowly
|-
|Chinese
|冰凍三尺，非一日之寒／冰冻三尺，非一日之寒
|three chǐ (~3×30 centimetres) of ice is not the result of one day's coldness
|-
|Chinese
|羅馬不是一日建成的／罗马不是一日建成的
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Danish
|Rom blev ikke bygget på en dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Dutch
|Keulen en Aken zijn niet op één dag gebouwd
|Cologne and Aachen were not built in a day
|-
|Dutch
|Rome is niet op één dag gebouwd
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Esperanto
|ne en unu tago elkreskis Kartago
|Carthage was not grown in a day
|-
|Estonian
|Roomat ei ehitatud ühe päevaga
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Finnish
|ei Roomaakaan päivässä rakennettu
|not even Rome was built in a day
|-
|French
|Paris ne s'est pas fait en un jour
|Paris wasn't built in a day
|-
|French
|Rome ne s'est pas faite en un jour
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Galician
|Roma non se fixo nun día
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|German
|Rom ist nicht an einem Tag erbaut worden
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Gujarati
|ઉતાવળે આંબા ન પાકે
|mangoes should not ripen in haste
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |רומא לא נבנתה ביום אחד‎
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Hungarian
|Róma sem egy nap alatt épült
|Rome wasn't built in a day either
|-
|Icelandic
|Róm var ekki byggð á einum degi
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Ido
|Roma ne konstruktesis dum un dio
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Indonesian
|Roma tidak dibangun dalam sehari
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Irish
|i ndiaidh a chéile a thógtar na caisleáin
|the castles are built one after another
|-
|Italian
|Roma non fu fatta in un giorno
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Japanese
|ローマは一日にして成らず
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Korean
|로마는 하루 아침에 이루어지지 않았다
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Latin
|Rōma nōn ūnō diē aedificāta est
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Lithuanian
|Roma nebuvo pastatyta per dieną
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Modern Greek
|η Ρώμη δε χτίστηκε σε μια μέρα
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|Rom ble ikke bygget på en dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|Roma vart ikkje bygd på éin dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Polish
|nie od razu Kraków zbudowano
|Cracow wasn't built in a day
|-
|Polish
|nie od razu Rzym zbudowano
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Portuguese
|Roma e Pavia não se fizeram num dia
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Russian
|Москва не сразу строилась
|Moscow wasn’t built at once
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|chan ann leis a' chiad bhuille a thuiteas a' chraobh
|it is not with the first strike that the tree will fall
|-
|Spanish
|no se ganó Zamora en una hora
|Zamora was not won in an hour
|-
|Spanish
|Roma no se hizo en un día
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Swedish
|Rom byggdes inte på en dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Thai
|กรุงโรมไม่ได้สร้างเสร็จในวันเดียว
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Turkish
|sabreden derviş muradına ermiş
|the patient dervish achieved his wish
|-
|Ukrainian
|Київ не відразу збудований
|Kyiv wasn't built immediately
|-
|Ukrainian
|Рим не одразу збудований
|Rome wasn't built immediately
|-
|Welsh
|nid mewn undydd y codwyd Rhufain
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|}

== Appearance makes a difference ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|die vere maak die voël
|the feathers make the bird
|-
|Danish
|klæder skaber folk
|clothes make the man
|-
|Dutch
|kleren maken de man
|clothes make the man
|-
|Chinese
|人靠衣裝，佛靠金裝／人靠衣装，佛靠金装
|human relies on clothes, Buddha relies on the clothing of gold
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |fine feathers make fine birds
|-
|Finnish
|vaatteet tekevät miehen
|clothes make the man
|-
|French
|la belle plume fait le bel oiseau
|the beautiful feathers make the beautiful bird
|-
|German
|Kleider machen Leute
|clothes make the man
|-
|Irish
|eochair uaisle éadach
|clothes is the key to nobility
|-
|Korean
|옷이 날개다
|clothes make the man
|-
|Polish
|jak cię widzą, tak cię piszą
|how they see you is how they perceive you
|-
|Russian
|одежда красит человека
|tailor makes the man
|}

== Appearance makes a difference not ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |ا يمكنك الحكم على كتاب من غلافه
|you can't judge a book by its cover
|-
|Chinese
|人不可貌相
|man is not to be judged by the appearance
|-
|Czech
|šaty nedělají člověka
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Danish
|man skal ikke skue hunden på hårene
|you must not look at the dog's hair
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |clothes don't make the man
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |you can't judge a book by its cover
|-
|Finnish
|vaatteet eivät tee miestä
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|German
|Kleider machen keine Leute
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Hungarian
|nem a ruha teszi az embert
|it is not the clothes that make the man
|-
|Italian
|l'abito non fa il monaco
|the habit does not make the monk
|-
|Japanese
|馬子にも衣装
|even packhorse drivers also wear clothes
|-
|Latin
|barba non facit philosophum
|the beard does not make the philosopher
|-
|Latin
|cucullus non facit monachum
|the cowl does not make the monk
|-
|Modern Greek
|τα ράσα δεν κάνουν τον παπά
|dressing doesn't make the pope
|-
|Polish
|nie szata zdobi człowieka
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Portuguese
|o hábito não faz o monge
|the habit does not make the monk
|-
|Romanian
|nu haina îl face pe om
|it is not the clothes that make the man
|-
|Russian
|по одёжке встречают, по уму провожают
|meet by clothes, see off by the mind
|-
|Russian
|на вид пригож, а внутри на чёрта похож
|looks good, but looks like devil inside
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|одело не чини човека / odelo ne čini čoveka
|the suits does not make the man
|-
|Slovenian
|obleka ne naredi človeka
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Spanish
|el hábito no hace al monje
|the habit does not make the monk
|}

== Be patient ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|好事多磨
|good things require much rubbing
|-
|Czech
|kdo si počká, ten se dočká
|those who wait will see
|-
|Czech
|trpělivost růže přináší
|patience brings roses
|-
|Danish
|alt godt kommer til den der venter
|all good things come to those who wait
|-
|Dutch
|geduld is een schone zaak
|patience is a virtual
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |good things come to those who wait
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |patience is a virtue
|-
|Finnish
|kärsivällisyys on hyve
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Finnish
|maltti on valttia
|patience is a trump
|-
|French
|tout vient à point à qui sait attendre
|good things come to those who wait
|-
|Georgian
|ვინც მოითმენსო, ის მოიგებსო
|he who endures will win
|-
|German
|Geduld ist eine Tugend
|patience is a virtue
|-
|German
|gut Ding will Weile haben
|a good thing wants to have a while
|-
|German
|was lange währt, wird endlich gut
|something that takes a long time will finally be good
|-
|Hungarian
|a türelem rózsát terem
|patience produces roses
|-
|Italian
|dare tempo al tempo
|give time to time
|-
|Italian
|la pazienza è la virtù dei forti
|patience is the virtue of the storng
|-
|Italian
|la pazienza è una virtù provata
|patience is a proven virtue
|-
|Japanese
|果報は寝て待て
|results are sleeping and waiting
|-
|Japanese
|待てば海路の日和あり
|waiting for fair weather at a sea route
|-
|Maltese
|il-paċenzja hija virtù
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Modern Greek
|το καλό πράγμα αργεί να γίνει
|the good thing is late to happen
|-
|Norwegian
|den som venter på noe stort, venter aldri for lenge
|he who waits for something great never waits too long
|-
|Norwegian
|tålmodighet er en dyd
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Portuguese
|quem espera sempre alcança
|who waits always reaches
|-
|Portuguese
|a paciência é uma virtude
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Russian
|кто ждёт, тот дождётся
|who waits will wait
|-
|Spanish
|la paciencia es una virtud
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Spanish
|las mejores cosas de la vida se hacen esperar
|the best things in life are made to wait
|-
|Spanish
|lo bueno se hace esperar
|the good things make you wait
|-
|Swedish
|den som väntar på något gott, väntar aldrig för länge
|he who waits for something good never waits too long
|-
|Swedish
|tålamod är en dygd
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Turkish
|bekleyen derviş muradına ermiş
|the waiting dervish got his wish
|}

== Certain benefit is preferable even if it is little ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |عصفور في اليد أفضل من عصفورين على الشجرة
|a bird in the hand is better than two in the bush
|-
|Armenian
|փորձված թանը անփորձ մածունի հետ չեն փոխի
|seasoned butter will not be exchanged for unseasoned yogurt
|-
|Chinese
|一鳥在手勝於十鳥在林／一鸟在手胜于十鸟在林
|a bird in the hand is better than ten in the forest
|-
|Croatian
|bolje vrabac u ruci nego golub na grani
|better a sparrow in the hand than a dove on the branch
|-
|Czech
|epší vrabec v hrsti, nežli holub na střeše
|better a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Danish
|en fugl i hånden er bedre end ti på taget
|a bird in the hand is better than ten on the roof
|-
|Dutch
|beter één vogel in de hand dan tien in de lucht
|better one bird in the hand than ten in the sky
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |better an egg today than a hen tomorrow
|-
|Estonian
|parem varblane peos kui tuvi katusel
|better a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Finnish
|parempi pyy pivossa kuin kymmenen oksalla
|better a hazel grouse in the hand than ten on the branch
|-
|French
|à la main vaut mieux que grue qui vole
|a sparrow in hand is worth more than a frying crane
|-
|French
|un tiens vaut mieux que deux tu l'auras
|a here-you-go is worth more than two you-can-have-it-laters
|-
|Galician
|vale máis paxaro na man que cento voando
|a bird in the hand is worth more than a hundred in flight
|-
|Georgian
|დღევანდელი კვერცხი ჯობია ხვალინდელ ქათამს
|today's egg is better than tomorrow's chicken
|-
|German
|besser ein Spatz in der Hand als eine Taube auf dem Dach
|rather a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |טוב ציפור אחת ביד משתיים על העץ
|rather one bird in the hand two on the tree
|-
|Hungarian
|jobb ma egy veréb, mint holnap egy túzok
|better a sparrow today than a bustard tomorrow
|-
|Icelandic
|betri er einn fugl í hendi en tveir í skógi
|one bird in a hand is better than two in the forest
|-
|Italian
|meglio un uovo oggi che una gallina domani
|better an egg today than a hen tomorrow
|-
|Japanese
|明日の百より今日の五十
|today's 50 over tomorrow's 100
|-
|Korean
|손안에 있는 새가 숲속에 있는 두 마리보다 낫다
|a bird in the hand is better than two in the forest
|-
|Latvian
|labāk zīle rokā, nekā mednis kokā
|rather a titmouse in hand than a wood grouse in a tree
|-
|Luxembourgish
|Léiwer e Spatz an der Hand wei eng Dauf um Daach
|rather a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Macedonian
|поарно врапче на рака отколку гулаб на гранка
|better a sparrow on a hand than a pigeon on a branch
|-
|Maltese
|aħjar għasfur f'idejk minn mija fl-ajru
|better to have a bird in your hands than a hundred in the air
|-
|Modern Greek
|κάλλιο πέντε και στο χέρι παρά δέκα και καρτέρει
|rather hold five in hand than wait for ten to come
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|én fugl i hånden er bedre enn ti på taket
|a bird in the hand is better than ten on the roof
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|ein fugl i handa er betre enn ti på taket
|a bird in the hand is better than ten on the roof
|-
|Polish
|lepszy wróbel w garści niż gołąb na dachu
|a sparrow in the hand is better than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Polish
|lepszy wróbel w ręku niż cietrzew na sęku
|a sparrow in the hand is better than a grouse on the knur
|-
|Polish
|lepszy wróbel w ręku niż sokół na sęku
|a sparrow in the hand is better than a falcon on the knur
|-
|Portuguese
|mais vale um pássaro na mão do que dois voando
|one bird in the hand is worth more than two flying
|-
|Romanian
|nu da vrabia din mână pe cioara de pe gard
|don't exchange the sparrow in the hand with the crow on the fence
|-
|Russian
|не сули журавля в небе, дай синицу в руки
|do not promise a crane in the sky, rather give a titmouse into my hands
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|'s fhearr eun san làimh na deich air iteig
|a bird in the hand is better than ten in flight
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|боље врабац у руци него голуб на грани / bolje vrabac u ruci nego golub na grani
|better a sparrow in the hand than a dove on the branch
|-
|Slovak
|lepší vrabec v hrsti ako holub na streche
|better a sparrow in a handful than a pigeon on a roof
|-
|Spanish
|más vale pájaro en mano que ciento volando
|a bird in the hand is worth more than one hundred in flight
|-
|Swedish
|bättre en fågel i handen än tio i skogen
|better a bird in the hand than ten in the forest
|-
|Turkish
|bir eldeki kuş çalıdakinin iki misli değerdir
|a bird in hand is worth twice as much in a bush
|-
|Vietnamese
|một con chim trong tay có giá trị hơn hai con trong bụi cây
|one bird in the hand is worth more than two in the bush
|-
|Welsh
|gwell bach mewn llaw na mawr gerllaw
|better small in hand than large nearby
|}

== Destroy one's paths, connections or opportunities ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |حرق السفن
|burning the ship
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |قطع الجسور
|cutting the bridge
|-
|Chinese
|過河拆橋／过河拆桥
|cross the river, tear down the bridge
|-
|Chinese
|破釜沉舟／破釜沉舟
|smash the cooking pots and sink the boats
|-
|Dutch
|je schepen achter je verbranden
|burning your ships behind you
|-
|Danish
|bryde alle broer
|burn all bridges
|-
|Danish
|brænde alle broer
|break all bridges
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |burning one's bridges
|-
|French
|brûler les ponts
|burn the bridges
|-
|French
|brûler ses vaisseaux
|burn his ships
|-
|French
|faire sauter les ponts
|blow up the bridges
|-
|German
|alle Brücken hinter sich abbrechen
|burning all bridges behind oneself
|-
|Icelandic
|brenna allar brýr að baki sér
|burn all bridges behind oneself
|-
|Icelandic
|brjóta allar brýr að baki sér
|break all bridges behind oneself
|-
|Italian
|bruciarsi i ponti alle spalle
|burn the bridges behind
|-
|Modern Greek
|Η αναπνοή είναι η γέφυρα που συνδέει τη ζωή με τη συνείδηση
|Breathing is the bridge which unites life to consciousness
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|bryte alle broer
|burn all bridges
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|bryte alle bruer
|burn all bridges
|-
|Polish
|palić za sobą mosty
|burn the bridges behind
|-
|Portuguese
|queimar as pontes
|burn the bridges
|-
|Russian
|сжигать все мосты
|burn the bridges
|-
|Spanish
|quemar las naves
|burn the ships
|-
|Spanish
|quemar los puentes
|burn the bridges
|-
|Swedish
|bränna sina broar
|burn the bridges
|-
|Swedish
|bränna sina skepp
|burn their ships
|}

== Do not invite suspicions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|瓜田不納履，李下不整冠／瓜田不纳履，李下不整冠
|don't adjust the shoes in a melon field, don't organise the hat under a plum tree
|-
|Japanese
|瓜田に履を納れず、李下に冠を正さず
|don't adjust the shoes in a melon field, don't organise the hat under a plum tree
|-
|Korean
|과전불납리, 이하부정관
|don't adjust the shoes in a melon field, don't organise the hat under a plum tree
|}

== False display of sorrow ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
|دموع التماسيح
|crocodile tears
|-
|Armenian
|կոկորդիլոսի արցունքներ
|crocodile tears
|-
|Catalan
|llàgrimes de cocodril
|crocodile tears
|-
|Chinese
|貓哭耗子／猫哭耗子
|cat weeping for a mouse
|-
|Chinese
|鱷魚的眼淚／鳄鱼的眼泪
|crocodile tears
|-
|Czech
|krokodýlí slzy
|crocodile tears
|-
|Danish
|krokodilletårer
|crocodile tears
|-
|Dutch
|krokodillentranen
|crocodile tears
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |crocodile tears
|-
|Finnish
|krokotiilinkyyneleet
|crocodile tears
|-
|French
|larmes de crocodile
|crocodile tears
|-
|Galician
|bágoas de crocodilo
|crocodile tears
|-
|German
|Krokodilstränen
|crocodile tears
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |דמעות תנין‎
|crocodile tears
|-
|Hungarian
|krokodilkönnyek
|crocodile tears
|-
|Icelandic
|krókódílstár
|crocodile tears
|-
|Indonesian
|air mata buaya
|crocodile tears
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |اشک تمساح‎‎
|crocodile tears
|-
|Italian
|lacrime di coccodrillo
|crocodile tears
|-
|Korean
|악어의 눈물
|crocodile tears
|-
|Lithuanian
|krokodilo ašaros
|crocodile tears
|-
|Malayalam
|മുതലക്കണ്ണീർ
|crocodile tears
|-
|Modern Greek
|κροκοδείλια δάκρυα
|crocodile tears
|-
|Norwegian
|krokodilletårer
|crocodile tears
|-
|Polish
|krokodyle łzy
|crocodile tears
|-
|Portuguese
|lágrimas de crocodilo
|crocodile tears
|-
|Romansch
|larmas da crocodil
|crocodile tears
|-
|Russian
|крокодиловы слёзы
|crocodile tears
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|deòir nam breugan
|crocodile tears
|-
|Spanish
|lágrimas de cocodrilo
|crocodile tears
|-
|Swedish
|krokodiltårar
|crocodile tears
|-
|Telugu
|మొసలి కన్నీళ్లు
|crocodile tears
|-
|Ukrainian
|крокодилячі сльози
|crocodile tears
|-
|Welsh
|dagrau crocodeil
|crocodile tears
|}

== Give one a little benefit and the one will demand more ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Albanian
|jepja gishtin, të merr dorën
|I give you the finger, take your hand
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |فتحناله، دخل بحماره‎
|we opened the door, he came in with his donkey
|-
|Chinese
|得寸進尺／得寸进尺
|get a cùn (~ 3 centemetres) and go for a chǐ (~ 30 centemetres)
|-
|Danish
|ræk nogen en lillefinger, og han tager hele armen
|give someone a little finger, they take the whole arm
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |give them an inch and they'll take a mile
|-
|Finnish
|kun antaa pahalle pikkusormen, se vie koko käden
|when you give the evil a little finger, it takes the whole hand
|-
|French
|tendez-leur la main et ils vous prennent le bras
|lend a hand and they take your arm
|-
|German
|gib jemandem den kleinen Finger und er nimmt die ganze Hand
|give someone the little finger and he takes the whole hand
|-
|Modern Greek
|Δώσε θάρρος στο χωριάτη, να σ΄ανέβει στο κρεβάτι
|Give courage to the villager to hop on your bed!
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |נותנים לו אצבע והוא רוצה את כל היד‎
|he's given the little finger and he wants the whole hand
|-
|Russian
|дай ему палец, он всю руку откусит
|give him a finger, he'll bite your whole hand off
|}

== Heavy rain ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Azerbaijani
|tut ucundan, göyə çıx
|grab the ends, go to sky
|-
|Catalan
|ploure a bots i barrals
|rain bota bags and barrels
|-
|Czech
|lít jako z konve
|pour from a water can
|-
|Dutch
|pijpenstelen regenen
|rain pipe handles
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |rain buckets
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |rain cats and dogs
|-
|Finnish
|sataa äkäisiä ämmiä äkeet selässä
|rain angry hags with harrows on their back
|-
|Finnish
|sataa kuin saavista kaataen
|rain as if by pouring from a tub
|-
|French
|pleuvoir comme vache qui pisse
|rain like a cow pissing on a flat rock
|-
|French
|pleuvoir des cordes
|rain ropes
|-
|French
|pleuvoir des hallebardes
|rain halberds
|-
|German
|Bindfäden regnen
|rain threads
|-
|German
|wie aus Eimern schütten
|like pouring out of buckets
|-
|Hungarian
|zuhog, mintha dézsából öntenék
|pour from a tub
|-
|Icelandic
|rigna eldi og brennisteini
|rain fire and brimstone
|-
|Italian
|piovere a catinelle
|rain buckets
|-
|Italian
|piovere come Dio la manda
|rain as God sends it
|-
|Japanese
|土砂降りになる
|become dropping dirt and sand
|-
|Mandarin Chinese
|傾盆大雨／倾盆大雨
|pour from a basin
|-
|Modern Greek
|βρέχει με το τουλούμι
|rain with the goatskin
|-
|Modern Greek
|ρίχνει καντάρια
|pour kantars
|-
|Modern Greek
|ρίχνει καρεκλοπόδαρα
|it's raining cats and dogs
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|regne sinte kjerringer
|rain mad hags
|-
|Polish
|lać jak z cebra
|pour like from a bucket
|-
|Portuguese
|chover a cântaros
|rain buckets
|-
|Portuguese
|chover a potes
|rain pots
|-
|Portuguese
|chover canivete
|rain pocketknives
|-
|Portuguese
|o céu vir abaixo
|the sky comes down
|-
|Romanian
|ploua cu găleata
|rain with the bucket
|-
|Russian
|лить как из ведра
|pour like from a bucket
|-
|Spanish
|llover a cántaros
|rain jugs
|-
|Spanish
|llover a mares
|rain seas
|-
|Swedish
|stå som spön i backen
|stand like rods in the ground
|-
|Welsh
|bwrw hen wragedd â ffyn
|[beating (raining)] old women with sticks
|-
|Yue Chinese
|落狗屎
|pouring dog poop
|}

== I don't understand the language ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |يتحدث باللغة الصينية
|speaking in Chinese
|-
|Armenian
|դա ինձ համար չինարեն է
|it's Chinese to me
|-
|Chavacano
|Aleman ese comigo
|it's German to me
|-
|Chinese
|鳥語／鸟语
|bird's speech
|-
|Chinese
|天書／天书
|writing from the heaven
|-
|Czech
|to je pro mě španělská vesnice
|it's a Spanish village to me
|-
|Danish
|det er græsk for mig
|it is Greek to me
|-
|Danish
|en by i Rusland
|a town in Russia
|-
|Danish
|rent volapyk
|pure Volapük
|-
|Dutch
|dat is Chinees voor mij
|this is Chinese to me
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |it's Greek to me
|-
|Esperanto
|ĝi estas por mi volapukaĵo
|it is Volapük to me
|-
|Finnish
|se on minulle täyttä hepreaa
|it is totally Hebrew to me
|-
|French
|c'est de l'hébreu
|it's Hebrew
|-
|French
|c'est du chinois
|it's Chinese
|-
|French
|c'est du javanais
|it's Javanese
|-
|French
|c'est du russe
|it's Russian
|-
|Georgian
|ჩინურია ჩემთვის
|Chinese to me
|-
|German
|das kommt mir spanisch vor
|it seems Spanish to me
|-
|German
|das sind für mich böhmische Dörfer
|that is Czech villages to me
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |זה סינית בשבילי
|it’s Chinese for me
|-
|Hindi
|क्या मैं फ़ारसी बोल रहा हूँ
|am I speaking Persian
|-
|Hungarian
|ez nekem kínai
|it’s Chinese to me
|-
|Icelandic
|þetta er hebreska fyrir mér
|this is Hebrew to me
|-
|Indonesian
|bahasa dewa
|language of deities
|-
|Indonesian
|itu bahasa planet
|that's the language of a planet
|-
|Italian
|è ostrogoto
|it's Ostrogoth
|-
|Italian
|per me è arabo
|it's Arabic to me
|-
|Latin
|graecum est; nōn legitur
|it's Greek; it cannot be read
|-
|Macedonian
|шпанско село
|Spanish village
|-
|Modern Greek
|αυτά μου φαίνονται κινέζικα
|these look chinese to me
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|det er helt gresk for meg
|it's full Greek to me
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|det er heilt gresk for meg
|it's full Greek to me
|-
|Polish
|to dla mnie chińszczyzna
|it's Chinese to me
|-
|Portuguese
|para mim você está falando grego
|you are speaking Greek to me
|-
|Panjabi
|ਕੀ ਮੈਂ ਫਾਰਸੀ ਬੋਲਦਾ ਪਿਆਂ
|am I speaking Persian
|-
|Romanian
|e chineză pentru mine
|it's Chinese to me
|-
|Russian
|китайская грамота
|Chinese writing
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|шпанска села / španska sela
|Spanish villages
|-
|Spanish
|esto es chino para mí
|this is Chinese for me
|-
|Spanish
|no entiendo ni papa
|I don't understand even one potato
|-
|Swedish
|det är rena grekiskan
|it is pure Greek
|-
|Tagalog
|parang intsik
|it looks like Chinese
|-
|Turkish
|bir şey anladıysam Arap olayım
|let me be Arabic if I understand anything
|-
|Ukrainian
|це для мене китайська грамота
|that's Chinese writing to me
|-
|Vietnamese
|nói tiếng Lào
|to speak Lao
|-
|Vietnamese
|nói tiếng Miên
|to speak Khmer
|}

== Ignorant and narrow-minded person ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|井底之蛙
|a frog at the bottom of a well
|-
|Japanese
|井底の蛙
|a frog at the bottom of a well
|-
|Malay
|katak di bawah tempurung
|a frog under a coconut shell
|-
|Malayalam
|കൂപമണ്ഡൂകം
|the frog in a well
|-
|Sanskrit
|कूपमण्डूक
|frog in a well
|-
|Thai
|กบในกะลา
|frog in a coconut shell
|-
|Vietnamese
|ếch ngồi đáy giếng
|a frog that sits at the bottom of a well
|}

== Inexperienced ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Bulgarian
|с жълто около устата
|with yellow around the mouth
|-
|Chinese
|乳臭未乾／乳臭未干
|{smell of} the mother's milk is not dried
|-
|Dutch
|nat achter de oren
|wet behind the ears
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |wet behind the ears
|-
|German
|grün hinter den Ohren
|green behind the ears
|-
|German
|feucht hinter den Ohren
|wet behind the ears
|-
|Japanese
|尻が青い
|have a blue butt
|-
|Latvian
|vēl slapjš aiz ausīm
|still wet behind the ears
|-
|Norwegian
|våt bak ørene
|wet behind the ears
|-
|Russian
|молоко на губах не обсохло
|the milk has not dried on the lips
|}

== Irreversible actions have been taken; the future is determined ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |سبق السيف العذل‎
|the sword preceded the humiliation
|-
|Bulgarian
|зарът е хвърлен
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Catalan
|el dau ha estat tirat
|the die has been rolled
|-
|Chinese
|木已成舟
|the wood has already been made into a boat
|-
|Croatian
|kostky byly vrženy
|the dice were rolled
|-
|Danish
|terningen er kastet
|the die is thrown
|-
|Dutch
|de geest is uit de fles
|genie is out of the bottle
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |genie is out of the bottle
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |the die is cast
|-
|Esperanto
|la ĵetkubo estas ĵetita
|the die is thrown
|-
|Estonian
|liisk on langenud
|the die is fallen
|-
|Finnish
|arpa on heitetty
|the die is thrown
|-
|French
|le sort en est jeté
|the fate is thrown
|-
|French
|les dés sont jetés
|the dice are thrown
|-
|French
|les jeux sont faits
|the games are made
|-
|Galician
|a sorte está botada
|the fate is thrown
|-
|Georgian
|კამათელი გაგორებულია
|the dice are rolled
|-
|German
|die Würfel sind gefallen
|the dice are fallen
|-
|Hungarian
|a kocka el van vetve
|the die has been cast away
|-
|Icelandic
|teningnum er kastað
|the die is thrown
|-
|Italian
|il dado è tratto
|the die is thrown
|-
|Japanese
|賽は投げられた
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Korean
|주사위는 던져졌다
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Latin
|ālea iacta est
|the die is cast
|-
|Macedonian
|коцката е фрлена
|the die is thrown
|-
|Modern Greek
|ο κύβος ερρίφθη
|the die is thrown
|-
|Northern Kurdish
|tîr ji kevan pekiya
|the arrow has left the bow
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|terningen er kastet
|the die is thrown
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|terningen er kasta
|the die is thrown
|-
|Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |تاس‌ها پرتاب شده‌اند‎
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Polish
|kości zostały rzucone
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Portuguese
|a sorte está lançada
|the fate is cast
|-
|Portuguese
|os dados estão lançados
|the dice are thrown
|-
|Romanian
|zarul este aruncat
|the die is rolled
|-
|Russian
|жребий брошен
|the fate is thrown
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|dè a bhios ann, tachraidh e
|what will happen will happen
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|ко̏цка је бачена / kȍcka je bačena
|the dice is thrown
|-
|Slovak
|kocky sú hodené
|the dice are rolled
|-
|Slovenian
|kọ̑cka je padla
|the die is thrown
|-
|Spanish
|la suerte está echada
|the fortune is thrown
|-
|Swedish
|tärningen är kastad
|the dice are thrown
|-
|Turkish
|zar atıldı
|dice rolled
|-
|Ukrainian
|гральну кістку кинуто
|the die is thrown
|-
|Ukrainian
|жереб кинуто
|the fortune is thrown
|}

== Not easily categorised ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |لا السمك ولا الطيور‎
|neither fish nor bird
|-
|Catalan
|ni carn ni peix
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|Chinese
|非驢非馬／非驴非马
|neither donkey nor horse
|-
|Czech
|ani ryba ani rak
|neither fish nor crayfish
|-
|Danish
|hverken fugl eller fisk
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Dutch
|mossel noch vis
|neither mussel nor fish
|-
|Dutch
|vlees noch vis
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |neither fish nor fowl
|-
|Faroese
|hvørki fuglur ella fiskur
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Finnish
|ei lintu eikä kala
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|French
|mi-figue mi-raisin
|half-fig half-grape
|-
|Galician
|nin arre nin xo
|neither too little nor too much
|-
|German
|weder Fisch noch Fleisch
|neither fish nor meat
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |לא בשר ולא חלב‎
|neither meat nor milk
|-
|Icelandic
|hvorki fugl né fiskur
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Irish
|níl sé ina ghruth ná ina mheadhg
|it's neither curd nor whey
|-
|Italian
|né carne né pesce
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|Japanese
|海の物とも山の物ともつかない
|neither things in the ocean nor things in the mountain
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|hverken fugl eller fisk
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Polish
|ni pies, ni wydra
|neither dog nor otter
|-
|Portuguese
|nem carne nem peixe
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|Romanian
|nici cal nici măgar
|neither horse nor donkey
|-
|Russian
|ни рыба ни мясо
|neither fish nor meat
|-
|Spanish
|ni chicha ni limonada
|neither chicha nor lemonade
|-
|Swedish
|varken fågel eller fisk
|neither fowl nor fish
|-
|Yue Chinese
|唔湯唔水
|neither soup nor water
|}

== Opportunity has passed ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Armenian
|գնացքը գնացել է
|the train has left
|-
|Danish
|det tog er kørt
|the train has run
|-
|Dutch
|dat is een gepasseerd station
|that is a passed station
|-
|Dutch
|vlees noch vis
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |that ship has sailed
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |that train has left the station
|-
|Finnish
|se juna meni jo
|it is June for me
|-
|German
|dieser Zug ist abgefahren
|that train has left
|-
|Hungarian
|ez a vonat már elment
|this train has already gone
|-
|Hungarian
|ez a hajó már elment
|this ship has aready gone
|-
|Italian
|hai perso il treno
|you missed the train
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|det toget er kjørt
|that train has left
|-
|Russian
|поезд ушёл
|the train is gone
|-
|Spanish
|ese barco ya zarpó
|that ship has already sailed
|-
|Spanish
|se te fue el tren
|you missed the train
|}

== People who often threat seldom commit it ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|blaffende honde byt nie
|barking dogs don't bite
|-
|Albanian
|qeni që leh, s'të ha
|the dog that barks will not eat you
|-
|Basque
|zakur zaunkaria nekez hozkaria
|barking dog hardly bite
|-
|Catalan
|gos que lladra, no mossega
|dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Czech
|pes, který štěká, nekouše
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Dutch
|blaffende honden bijten niet
|barking dogs do not bite
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |barking dogs seldom bite
|-
|Esperanto
|bojanta hundo ne mordas
|a barking dog does not bite
|-
|Esperanto
|ne ĉio batas, kio tondras
|not everything thunders strikes
|-
|Finnish
|haukkuva koira ei pure
|a barking dog does not bite
|-
|French
|chien qui aboie ne mord pas
|a dog that barks does not bite
|-
|German
|Hunde, die bellen, beißen nicht
|dogs who bark don't bite
|-
|Hungarian
|amelyik kutya ugat, az nem harap
|the dog that barks does not bite
|-
|Italian
|can che abbaia non morde
|a barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Japanese
|弱い犬ほどよく吠る
|weak dogs bark more
|-
|Korean
|짖는 개는 물지 않는다
|barking dogs don't bite
|-
|Latin
|canis sine dentibus vehementius lātrat
|a dog without teeth barks more violently
|-
|Macedonian
|куче што лае, не каса
|a dog that barks, does not bite
|-
|Malay
|anjing menyalak tak menggigit
|barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Malayalam
|കുരയ്ക്കുന്ന പട്ടി കടിക്കില്ല
|a barking dog will not bite
|-
|Modern Greek
|σκύλος που γαβγίζει, δε δαγκώνει
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Polish
|pies, co bardzo szczeka, nie bardzo kąsa
|a dog that barks a lot, doesn't bite much
|-
|Portuguese
|cão que ladra não morde
|dog that barks, doesn't bite
|-
|Romanian
|câinele care latră nu mușcă
|barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Russian
|лающая собака не кусает
|a barking dog won't bite
|-
|Serbian
|пас који ла̏је не гризе
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Slovenian
|pes, ki laja, ne grize
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Spanish
|perro ladrador, poco mordedor
|barking dog, not very biting
|-
|Swedish
|skällande hund bits inte
|barking dog does not bite
|-
|Tagalog
|ang asong tahol nang tahol ay hindi nangangagat
|a dog that barks does not bite
|-
|Tamil
|குரைக்கும் நாய் கடிக்காது
|a barking dog does not bite
|-
|Telugu
|అరిచే కుక్క కరవదు
|a barking dog will not bite
|-
|Thai
|หมาเห่าไม่กัด
|barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Turkish
|havlayan köpek ısırmaz
|the barking dog does not bite
|}

== Person being mentioned arrives ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |اذكر غائبا تره‎
|mention an absent person, and you shall see him
|-
|Azerbaijani
|adını çək, qulağını bur
|name him, find him in the direction to which you turn your ear
|-
|Basque
|otsoa aipatu, otsoa agertu
|the wolf mentioned, the wolf appears
|-
|Bulgarian
|говорим за вълка, а той в кошарата
|speaking about the wolf , and he is in the sheep pen
|-
|Catalan
|parlant del rei de Roma, entra per la porta
|speak of the king of Rome, and he will come in through the door
|-
|Chinese
|說曹操，曹操到／说曹操，曹操到
|speak of Cáo Cāo and Cáo Cāo arrives
|-
|Czech
|my o vlku a vlk za dveřmi, my o vlku a vlk za humny
|speak of the wolf and the wolf is behind the doors
|-
|Danish
|når man taler om solen
|when you speak of the sun
|-
|Dutch
|als je het over de duivel hebt, dan zie je zijn staart
|we not only see his tail, we even step on it
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |speak of the devil and he shall appear
|-
|Estonian
|kus hundist juttu
|where speaking of the wolf
|-
|Finnish
|siinä paha missä mainitaan
|there is the evil where it is mentioned
|-
|French
|quand on parle du loup, on en voit la queue
|when you speak of the wolf, you see his tail
|-
|Georgian
|ძაღლი ახსენე და ჯოხი ხელში დაიჭირეო
|mention the dog and hold a stick in your hand
|-
|German
|wenn man vom Teufel spricht, dann kommt er
|when one speaks of the devil, then he comes
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |מדברים על החמור, והחמור בא‎
|speak of the donkey and the donkey comes
|-
|Hungarian
|ne fesd az ördögöt a falra, mert megjelenik
|don't paint the devil on the wall, or he will appear
|-
|Icelandic
|oft kemur illur þá um er rætt
|often evil comes when it is discussed
|-
|Irish
|tagann gach aon rud lena iomrá ach madadh rua agus marbhán
|everything comes to mention but a red wolf and a dead man
|-
|Italian
|parli del diavolo e spuntano le corna
|talk about the devil, and the horns appear
|-
|Japanese
|噂をすれば影がさす
|if you gossip, it will cast a shadow
|-
|Korean
|호랑이도 제 말 하면 온다
|the tiger comes when he is spoken about
|-
|Latin
|lupus in fābulā
|the wolf in a story
|-
|Latin
|lupus in sermōne
|the wolf in a conversation
|-
|Lithuanian
|vilką minim, vilkas čia
|you mention a wolf, the wolf is here
|-
|Modern Greek
|κατά φωνή κι ο γάιδαρος
|by voice, here is the donkey
|-
|Norwegian
|når man snakker om sola
|when you speak of the sun
|-
|Polish
|o wilku mowa, a wilk tu
|talk about the wolf, and he is almost here
|-
|Portuguese
|falando do diabo, aparece o rabo
|when you speak of the devil, his tail will show up
|-
|Romanian
|vorbești de lup și lupul la ușă
|you talk about the wolf and the wolf comes
|-
|Russian
|про серого речь, а серый навстречь
|when it’s spoken about a grey one, one meets the grey one
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|thig an donas ri iomradh
|the misfortune comes as mentioned
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|ми о вуку, ми о вуку а вук на врата / mi o vuku, mi o vuku a vuk na vrata
|we mention the wolf, and he enters the door
|-
|Slovenian
|ti o volku volk iz gozda
|we speak of the wolf, the wolf comes from the forest
|-
|South Levantine Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |ابن الحلال عند ذكره ببان
|the decent man appears with the mention
|-
|South Levantine Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |ذكرنا القط، أجا ينط
|we mentioned the cat and he came jumping
|-
|Spanish
|habla del rey de Roma, y asoma
|speak of the king of Rome, and he surprises you
|-
|Swedish
|när man talar om trollen, står de i farstun
|when one speaks of the trolls, they're out in the hallway
|-
|Turkish
|iti an, çomağı hazırla
|wait, prepare the stick
|-
|Ukrainian
|про вовка промовка
|speaking of the wolf
|-
|Welsh
|sonier am ddiawl, fe ymddengys y cythraul
|mention the devil, the devil will appear
|-
|Yiddish
| style="text-align:right" |מע זאל נאר דערמאנען משיחן‎
|We should only mention the Christ
|}

== Prevent before it happens ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |الوقاية خير من العلاج
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Chinese
|未雨綢繆／未雨绸缪
|bind the window tightly before it rains
|-
|Chinese
|防患未然
|prevent trouble before it happens
|-
|Danish
|det er bedre at forebygge end at helbrede
|it is better to prevent than to cure
|-
|Dutch
|voorkomen is beter dan genezen
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|French
|mieux vaut prévenir que guérir
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |prevention is better than cure
|-
|German
|Vorbeugen ist besser als Heilen
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Japanese
|予防は治療に勝る
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Malay
|mencegah lebih baik daripada mengubati
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Modern Greek
|Κάλλιον το προλαμβάνειν παρά το θεραπεύειν
Κάλλιον του θεραπεύειν το προλαμβάνειν
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Polish
|lepiej zapobiegać niż leczyć
|better to prevent than to cure
|-
|Portuguese
|prevenir é melhor do que remediar
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Russian
|профилактика лучше лечения
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Spanish
|mas vale prevenir que lamentar
|prevention is better than regret
|-
|Spanish
|por si las moscas
|just in case there are flies
|}

== Prominence invites trouble ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|樹大招風／树大招风
|big tree catches wind
|-
|Dutch
|hoge bomen vangen veel wind
|tall trees catch a lot of wind
|}
== Random people ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|Jan Rap en sy maat
|Jan Rap and his partner
|-
|Albanian
|Filani apo Fisteku
|Filani or Fisteku
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |فلان، علان وترتان
|Fulàn, 'Illàn or Tirtàn
|-
|Azerbaijani
|Ali, Vali, Pirvali
|Ali, Vali, Pirvali
|-
|Basque
|Urlia, Sandia eta Berendia
|Urlia, Sandia and Berendia
|-
|Bulgarian
|Сульо и Пульо
|Súljo and Púljo
|-
|Catalan
|en Pau, en Pere i en Berenguera
|Pau, Pere and Berenguera
|-
|Chinese
|阿貓阿狗／阿猫阿狗
|kitties and doggies
|-
|Chinese
|張三李四／张三李四
|the third son of Zhāng, the fourth son of Lǐ
|-
|Danish
|gud og hvermand
|God and every man
|-
|Dutch
|Jan, Piet en Klaas
|Jan, Piet and Klaas
|-
|Dutch
|Jan en Alleman
|Jan and Alleman
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |Tom, Dick and Harry
|-
|Finnish
|mattimeikäläinen
|Matt-someone
|-
|French
|Pierre, Paul ou Jacques
|Pierre, Paul or Jacques
|-
|German
|Hans und Franz
|Hans and Franz
|-
|German
|Hinz und Kunz
|Hinz and Kunz
|-
|German
|Krethi und Plethi
|Cherethites and Pelethites
|-
|Hindi
|ऐरा-ग़ैरा नत्थू ख़ैरा
|Airā-Ġairā Natthū Xairā
|-
|Hungarian
|boldog-boldogtalan
|happy-unhappy
|-
|Italian
|Tizio, Caio e Sempronio
|Tizio, Caio and Sempronio
|-
|Japanese
|猫も杓子も
|cats and ladles too
|-
|Korean
|개나 소나
|dogs or cows
|-
|Macedonian
|Петко, Трајко и Круме
|Petko, Trajko and Krume
|-
|Modern Greek
|κάθε καρυδιάς καρύδι
|every walnut of the walnut tree
|-
|Norwegian
|Gud og hvermann
|God and every man
|-
|Norwegian
|Per, Pål og Askeladden
|Per, Pål or Askeladden
|-
|Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |اره و اوره و شمسی کوره‎
|Âre, Ure, Šamsi Kure
|-
|Portuguese
|Fulano, Beltrano e Cicrano
|Fulano, Beltrano and Cicrano
|-
|Portuguese
|Fulano, Sicrano e Beltrano
|Fulano, Sicrano and Beltrano
|-
|Romanian
|Ion, Vasile, Gheorghe, Ana
|Ion, Vasile, Gheorghe, Ana
|-
|Russian
|Иванов, Петров, Сидоров
|Ivanóv, Petróv, Sídorov
|-
|Sardinian
|Fulanu, Bodale e Nighele
|Fulanu, Bodale and Nighele
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|И Кунто и Панто / I Kunto i Panto
|both Kunto and Panto
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|Пера, Мика, Лаза / Pera, Mika, Laza
|Pera, Mika, Laza
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|Марко и Трајко / Marko i Trajko
|Marko and Trajko
|-
|Spanish
|Fulano, Mengano y Sotano
|Fulano, Mengano and Sotano
|-
|Swedish
|Joži or Džony
|Joži or Džony
|-
|Swedish
|Andersson, Pettersson och Lundström
|Andersson, Pettersson or Lundström
|-
|Tamil
|குப்பனோ சுப்பனோ
|Kuppaṉō or Cuppaṉō
|-
|Telugu
|అప్పారావు, సుబ్బారావు
|Appārāvu, Subbārāvu
|-
|Turkish
|Ahmet, Mehmet
|Ahmet, Mehmet
|-
|Turkish
|Ali, Veli
|Ali, Veli
|-
|Urdu
| style="text-align:right;" |ایراغیرہ نتھو خیرا‎
|Era Ġera, Nathu, Khera
|-
|Welsh
|Twm, Dic neu Harri
|Twm, Dic or Harri
|}

== Stop fighting ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Catalan
|enterrar la destral de guerra
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Chinese
|化干戈為玉帛／化干戈为玉帛
|turn shields and spears into jade and silk
|-
|Czech
|zakopat válečnou sekeru
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Dutch
|de strijdbijl begraven
|bury the hatchet
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |bury the hatchet
|-
|Finnish
|haudata sotakirves
|bury the hatchet
|-
|French
|enterrer la hache de guerre
|bury the hatchet
|-
|German
|das Kriegsbeil begraben
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Hungarian
|elássa a csatabárdot
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Icelandic
|að grafa stríðsöxina
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Italian
|sotterrare l'ascia di guerra
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Modern Greek
|Θάψτε το τσεκούρι του πολέμου
|Bury the hatchet
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|begrave stridsøksen
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Polish
|zakopać topór wojenny
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Russian
|закопать топор войны
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Swedish
|begrava stridsyxan
|bury the hatchet
|}

== Subordinates take the advantage when their superior is absent ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|as die kat weg is, is die muis baas
|when the cat's away, the mouse is boss
|-
|Chinese
|山中無老虎，猴子稱大王／山中无老虎，猴子称大王
|when there is no tiger in the mountain, the monkeys proclaim themselves kings
|-
|Cimbrian
|balda di khatz velt, di maüs tåntzan
|when the cat is missing, the mice dance
|-
|Czech
|když kocour není doma, myši mají pré
|when the cat's away from home, the mice are having free time
|-
|Danish
|når katten er ude, spiller musene på bordet
|when the cat is out, the mice is playing on the table
|-
|Dutch
|als de kat van huis is, dansen de muizen op tafel
|when the cat is not at home, the mice dance on the table
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |when the cat's away the mice will play
|-
|Esperanto
|kiam kato promenas, la musoj festenas
|when the cats are gone, the mice feast
|-
|Estonian
|kui kassid läinud, on hiirtel pidu
|when the cats are gone, the mice have a party
|-
|Finnish
|kun kissa on poissa, hiiret hyppivät pöydällä
|when the cat is gone, the mice jump on the table
|-
|French
|quand le chat n'est pas là, les souris dansent
|when the cat isn't there, the mice dance
|-
|German
|ist die Katze aus dem Haus, tanzen die Mäuse auf dem Tisch
|if the cat is out of the house, the mice dance on the table
|-
|Hungarian
|ha nincs otthon a macska, cincognak az egerek
|if the cat is not home, the mice squeak
|-
|Icelandic
|þegar kötturinn er frá fara mýsnar á stjá
|when the cat is gone, the mice go to roost
|-
|Irish
|nuair a bhíonn an cat amuigh, bíonn na lucha ag rince
|when the cat is out, the mice dance
|-
|Italian
|quando il gatto non c'è, i topi ballano
|when the cat is away, the mice play
|-
|Japanese
|鬼いぬ間の洗濯
|laundry when ogres are absent
|-
|Japanese
|鼬無き間の貂誇り
|pride of marten when weasels are absent
|-
|Khmer
|ឆ្មាមិននៅ កណ្ដុរឡើងរាជ្យ
|if cats are not there, mice reign
|-
|Kikuyu
|hiti ciathiĩ mbwe ciegangara
|when hyenas go away, foxes play
|-
|Kikuyu
|ngatia ciathiĩ hiti cĩeragara
|when lions have gone, hyenas dance
|-
|Korean
|고양이가 없으면 쥐가 살판이 난다
|if the cat is not there, the mice will eat
|-
|Latin
|audācem reddit fēlis absentia murem
|the absence of cat make the mouse bold
|-
|Lower Sorbian
|gaž jo kócor z domu, ga maju myšy swóju wólu
|when the cat's out of the house, the mice will have their will
|-
|Luxembourgish
|wann d’Kaz fort ass, sinn d’Mais Meeschter
|when the cat is gone, the mice are masters
|-
|Modern Greek
|όταν λείπει η γάτα, χορεύουν τα ποντίκια
|when the cat is away, the mice dance
|-
|Northern Kurdish
|kitik ne li mal e, navê mişkî Evdal e
|the kitten is not at home, the mouse's name is Evdal
|-
|Norwegian
|når katten er borte, danser musene på bordet
|when the cat’s away, the mice are dancing on the table
|-
|Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |در خانه کسی که گربه نباشد موش کدخداست‎
|in the house of the one who does not have a cat, there are mice
|-
|Polish
|gdy kota nie ma, myszy harcują
|when the cat is away, the mice play
|-
|Portuguese
|quando o gato sai, os ratos fazem a festa
|when the cat is out, the mice play
|-
|Romanian
|când pisica nu-i acasă, joacă șoarecii pe masă
|when the cat isn't home, the mice are dancing on the table
|-
|Russian
|без кота мышам раздолье
|without the cat, it’s freedom to the mice
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|tha fios aig an luch nach eil an cat a-staigh
|the mouse knows the cat is not inside
|-
|Serbian
|где мачке у кући нема ту мишеви коло воде
|where there are no cats in the house, there are mice around the water
|-
|Spanish
|cuando el gato no está, los ratones bailan
|when the cat is not there, the mice dance
|-
|Swedish
|när katten är borta, dansar råttorna på bordet
|when the cat is away, the rats dance on the table
|-
|Telugu
|రౌతు మెత్తనైతే గుర్రం మూడు కాళ్ళ మీద పరిగెత్తుతుంది
|if the rider is soft, the horse runs on three legs
|-
|Thai
|แมวไม่อยู่ หนูร่าเริง
|the cat is away, the mouse is cheerful
|-
|Vietnamese
|vắng chủ nhà, gà vọc niêu tôm
|when the owner is away from home, the chicken will peck the earthenware pot of shrimp
|}

== Unfortunate events occur in quantity ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
|المصائب لا تأتي فرادى‎
|misfortunes do not come alone
|-
|Catalan
|les desgràcies mai no venen soles
|misfortunes do not come alone
|-
|Chinese
|屋漏偏逢連夜雨／屋漏偏逢连夜雨
|the roof is leaking, several continuous nights of rain are following
|-
|Chinese
|禍不單行／祸不单行
|misfortunes do not come alone
|-
|Cimbrian
|balda di khatz velt, di maüs tåntzan
|when the cat is missing, the mice dance
|-
|Czech
|neštěstí nechodí nikdy samo
|misfortunes never come alone
|-
|Czech
|když se to sere, tak se to sere
|when it shits, then it shits
|-
|Danish
|en ulykke kommer sjældent alene
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Dutch
|een ongeluk komt zelden alleen
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |bad things come in threes
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |it never rains but it pours
|-
|Esperanto
|malfeliĉo malofte venas sole
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Faroese
|sjáldan er ein báran støk
|a wave seldome comes alone
|-
|Faroese
|har ein skriðan er lopin er onnur væntandi
|when one landslide is over, another is waiting
|-
|Finnish
|ei vahinko yksinään tule
|the damage will not come alone
|-
|Finnish
|kaikki on vastaan, vain saha puoltaa
|everything is against me, only the saw pulls
|-
|French
|un malheur ne vient jamais seul
|a misfortune never comes alone
|-
|German
|ein Unglück kommt selten allein
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |צרוֹת באות בצרורות‎
|misfortunes come in packages
|-
|Hungarian
|a baj nem jár egyedül
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Icelandic
|sjaldan er ein báran stök
|a wave seldome comes alone
|-
|Icelandic
|það er ýmist of eða van
|it is either too much or too little
|-
|Italian
|i guai non vengono mai da soli
|misfortunes never come alone
|-
|Italian
|piove sul bagnato
|it rains on the wet
|-
|Italian
|al peggio non c'è mai fine
|there is no ending to worse
|-
|Japanese
|踏んだり蹴ったり
|we often tread on and we often bump off
|-
|Japanese
|泣きっ面に蜂
|a wasp on a tearful face
|-
|Japanese
|弱り目に祟り目
|in times of weakness, evil eyes
|-
|Japanese
|降れば土砂降り
|if it rains, it rains like pouring dirt and sand
|-
|Korean
|불행은 겹친다
|misfortunes pile up
|-
|Latin
|aliud ex aliō malum
|one trouble after another
|-
|Latin
|nūlla calamitās sōla
|no misfortune is alone
|-
|Latin
|Fortūna obesse nūllī contenta est semel
|Fortune is never satisfied with hurting a man just once
|-
|Latin
|aliō relinquente flūctū alius excēpit
|one wave was letting me go, another one snatched me
|-
|Latin
|dolor dolōrem trūdit et metus metum
|one sorrow presses hard on another, and one fear on another fear
|-
|Lithuanian
|bėda viena nevaikšto
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Luxembourgish
|en Ongléck kënnt seelen eleng
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|
|Ενός κακού, μύρια έπονται
|One evil is followed by thousands
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|en ulykke kommer sjelden alene
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|ei ulykke kjem sjeldan aleine
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Polish
|nieszczęścia chodzą parami
|misfortunes walk in pairs
|-
|Portuguese
|um mal nunca vem só
|a bad thing never comes alone
|-
|Portuguese
|uma desgraça nunca vem sozinha
|a misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Romanian
|o nenorocire nu vine niciodată singură
|a misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Russian
|пришла беда — отворяй ворота
|when the trouble comes, open the gate
|-
|Russian
|беда не приходит одна
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|nuair a thig air duine, thig air uile
|when it befalls one, it befalls all
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|несрећа никада не долази сама / nesreća nikada ne dolazi sama
|misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Slovak
|nešťastie nechodí samo
|misfortune does not come alone
|-
|Slovenian
|nesreča ne pride nikoli sama
|misfortune never come alone
|-
|Spanish
|las desgracias nunca vienen solas
|misfortunes never come alone
|-
|Spanish
|cuando llueve, diluvia
|when it rains, it pours
|-
|Spanish
|llueve sobre mojado
|it rains on the wet
|-
|Spanish
|si no quieres caldo, taza y media
|if you do not want broth, a bowl and a half
|-
|Swedish
|en olycka kommer sällan ensam
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Swedish
|när det regnar så öser det ner
|when it rains, it pours
|-
|Thai
|ความวัวไม่ทันหาย ความควายเข้ามาแทรก
|the condition of cows does not yet cease, the condition of buffaloes comes in to join
|-
|Vietnamese
|бі́да ні́коли сама́ не хо́дить
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Vietnamese
|họa vô đơn chí
|misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Walloon
|on måleur ni vént måy tot seu
|misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Walloon
|helynt ni ddaw ei hunan
|trouble does not come by itself
|}

==> Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Timelines-by-Country|Timelines by Country]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Regional-Classic-Video-Games|Regional Classic Video Games]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Introduction-to-Sci–Tech-Index|Introduction to Sci–Tech Index]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Helpful-Anki-Shared-Decks|Helpful Anki Shared Decks]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/How-to-Customise-Open–Source-Language-Games|How to Customise Open–Source Language Games]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Websites-of-DIY-Procedures|Websites of DIY Procedures]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Ranking-of-countries-by-cost-of-living-in-the-world|Ranking of countries by cost of living in the world]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Most-Famous-Non–Contemporary-Artists|Most Famous Non–Contemporary Artists]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Countries-and-Flag-Emoji-by-Languages|Countries and Flag Emoji by Languages]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Most-Popular-Forums-around-the-World|Most Popular Forums around the World]]
<span links></span>

Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Similar-Sayings

2023-12-29T22:51:34Z

About Blank: /* Give one a little benefit and the one will demand more */

<div class="pg_page_title">Saying with Similar Meanings in Many languages</div>
[[File:Polyglot_sayings2.jpg|thumb]]
Hi polyglots 😊

This is the perfect lesson for polyglots! You'll be able to learn sayings with similar meanings in many languages!

In the list below, you'll find idioms, proverbs & saying with similar meanings in different languages.

Feel free to edit the tables below if some saying or languages are missing.

This page has a child: [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Common-Allusions]].

__TOC__

[In progress]

== Achieve two goals with one action ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|twee vlieë met een klap slaan
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |ضرب عصفورين بحجر واحد‎
|hit two sparrows with one stone
|-
|Armenian
|մի գնդակով երկու նապաստակ խփել
|hit two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Azerbaijani
|bir güllə ilə iki dovşan vurmaq
|hit two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Bengali
|এক ঢিলে দুই পাখি মারা
|hit two birds with one stone
|-
|Breton
|lazhañ div voualc'h gant ur maen
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Bulgarian
|да убиеш с един куршум два заека
|kill two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Catalan
|matar dos pardals d'un tret
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Central Kurdish
| style="text-align:right;" |بە بەردێک دوو چۆلەکە بکوژە‎
|kill two frogs with one stone
|-
|Chinese
|一箭雙鵰／一箭双雕
|one arrow, two eagles
|-
|Chinese
|一石二鳥／一石二鸟
|one stone, two birds
|-
|Czech
|zabít dvě mouchy jednou ranou
|kill two flies with one hit
|-
|Danish
|slå to fluer med et smæk
|hit two flies with one slap
|-
|Dutch
|twee vliegen in één klap slaan
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Esperanto
|trafi du celojn per unu ŝtono
|hit two targets with one stone
|-
|Estonian
|tapma kaks kärbest ühe hoobiga
|kill two flies in one slap
|-
|Finnish
|tappaa kaksi kärpästä yhdellä iskulla
|kill two flies in one slap
|-
|French
|faire d’une pierre deux coups
|use a stone for two hits
|-
|Georgian
|ერთი გასროლით ორი კურდღლის მოკვლა
|kill two rabbits with one shot
|-
|German
|zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |לתפוס שתי ציפורים במכה אחת
|catch two birds with one stone
|-
|Hungarian
|két legyet üt egy csapásra
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Icelandic
|slá tvær flugur í einu höggi
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Indonesian
|sekali mendayung, dua-tiga pulau terlampaui
|reach two-three islands with one rowing stroke
|-
|Irish
|dhá éan a mharú leis an urchar amháin
|kill two birds with one shot
|-
|Italian
|prendere due piccioni con una fava
|catch two pigeons with one fava bean
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |با یک تیر دو نشان زدن‎
|hitting two targets with one arrow
|-
|Japanese
|一石二鳥
|one stone, two birds
|-
|Kazakh
|бір оқпен екі қоян ату
|kill two birds with one shot
|-
|Korean
|일석이조
|one stone, two birds
|-
|Latin
|Duo parietes de eadem fidelia dealbare
|whitewash two walls out of the same bucket
|-
|Latvian
|nošaut divus zaķus ar vienu šāvienu
|shoot two bunnies with one shot
|-
|Lithuanian
|vienu šūviu nušauti du zuikius
|shoot two rabbits with one shot
|-
|Luxembourgish
|zwou Mécken op ee Schlag kréien
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Malay
|sambil menyelam minum air
|submerge and drink at the same time
|-
|Mongolian
|нэг сумаар хоёр туулай буудах
|kill two hares with one bullet
|-
|Modern Greek
|μ' ένα σμπάρο δυο τρυγόνια
|with one shot, two pigeons
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|slå to fluer i en smekk
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|slå to fluger i ein smekk
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Polish
|upiec dwie pieczenie na jednym ogniu
|cook two roasts on one fire
|-
|Portuguese
|matar dois coelhos com uma cajadada só
|kill two rabbits with a single crook blow
|-
|Romanian
|omorî două muște dintr-o lovitură
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Romanian
|împușca doi iepuri dintr-un foc
|kill two rabbits with one bullet
|-
|Russian
|убить одним выстрелом двух зайцев
|kill two hares with one shot
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|убити једним ударцем двије мухе / ùbiti jèdnīm ùdārcem dvȉje mùhe
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Sinhala
|එක ගලෙන් කුරුල්ලෝ දෙන්නයි
|two birds by one stone
|-
|Spanish
|matar dos pájaros de un tiro
|kill two birds with one shot
|-
|Swedish
|slå två flugor i en smäll
|hit two flies in one slap
|-
|Tamil
|ఒకేదెబ్బకు రెండు పిట్టలు
|two birds with one stone
|-
|Thai
|ยิงปืนนัดเดียวได้นกสองตัว
|shoot two birds with one stone
|-
|Turkish
|bir taşla iki kuş vurmak
|hit two birds with one stone
|-
|Ukrainian
|вбити двох зайців одним пострілом
|kill two hares in one shot
|-
|Vietnamese
|nhất tiễn song điêu
|one arrow, two eagles
|-
|Vietnamese
|một mũi tên trúng hai đích
|two targets with one arrow
|-
|Welsh
|lladd dau aderyn â'r un garreg
|kill two birds with one stone
|-
|Yiddish
| style="text-align:right;" |שיסן צוויי האזן מיט איין שאס‎
|shoot two hares with one shot
|}

== Achievements require patience ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Amharic
|ሮም፡በአንድ፡ቀን፡አልተገነባችም
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |لم تبن روما في يوم
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Bulgarian
|хубавите неща стават бавно
|good things happen slowly
|-
|Chinese
|冰凍三尺，非一日之寒／冰冻三尺，非一日之寒
|three chǐ (~3×30 centimetres) of ice is not the result of one day's coldness
|-
|Chinese
|羅馬不是一日建成的／罗马不是一日建成的
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Danish
|Rom blev ikke bygget på en dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Dutch
|Keulen en Aken zijn niet op één dag gebouwd
|Cologne and Aachen were not built in a day
|-
|Dutch
|Rome is niet op één dag gebouwd
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Esperanto
|ne en unu tago elkreskis Kartago
|Carthage was not grown in a day
|-
|Estonian
|Roomat ei ehitatud ühe päevaga
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Finnish
|ei Roomaakaan päivässä rakennettu
|not even Rome was built in a day
|-
|French
|Paris ne s'est pas fait en un jour
|Paris wasn't built in a day
|-
|French
|Rome ne s'est pas faite en un jour
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Galician
|Roma non se fixo nun día
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|German
|Rom ist nicht an einem Tag erbaut worden
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Gujarati
|ઉતાવળે આંબા ન પાકે
|mangoes should not ripen in haste
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |רומא לא נבנתה ביום אחד‎
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Hungarian
|Róma sem egy nap alatt épült
|Rome wasn't built in a day either
|-
|Icelandic
|Róm var ekki byggð á einum degi
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Ido
|Roma ne konstruktesis dum un dio
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Indonesian
|Roma tidak dibangun dalam sehari
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Irish
|i ndiaidh a chéile a thógtar na caisleáin
|the castles are built one after another
|-
|Italian
|Roma non fu fatta in un giorno
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Japanese
|ローマは一日にして成らず
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Korean
|로마는 하루 아침에 이루어지지 않았다
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Latin
|Rōma nōn ūnō diē aedificāta est
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Lithuanian
|Roma nebuvo pastatyta per dieną
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Modern Greek
|η Ρώμη δε χτίστηκε σε μια μέρα
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|Rom ble ikke bygget på en dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|Roma vart ikkje bygd på éin dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Polish
|nie od razu Kraków zbudowano
|Cracow wasn't built in a day
|-
|Polish
|nie od razu Rzym zbudowano
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Portuguese
|Roma e Pavia não se fizeram num dia
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Russian
|Москва не сразу строилась
|Moscow wasn’t built at once
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|chan ann leis a' chiad bhuille a thuiteas a' chraobh
|it is not with the first strike that the tree will fall
|-
|Spanish
|no se ganó Zamora en una hora
|Zamora was not won in an hour
|-
|Spanish
|Roma no se hizo en un día
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Swedish
|Rom byggdes inte på en dag
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Thai
|กรุงโรมไม่ได้สร้างเสร็จในวันเดียว
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|-
|Turkish
|sabreden derviş muradına ermiş
|the patient dervish achieved his wish
|-
|Ukrainian
|Київ не відразу збудований
|Kyiv wasn't built immediately
|-
|Ukrainian
|Рим не одразу збудований
|Rome wasn't built immediately
|-
|Welsh
|nid mewn undydd y codwyd Rhufain
|Rome wasn't built in a day
|}

== Appearance makes a difference ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|die vere maak die voël
|the feathers make the bird
|-
|Danish
|klæder skaber folk
|clothes make the man
|-
|Dutch
|kleren maken de man
|clothes make the man
|-
|Chinese
|人靠衣裝，佛靠金裝／人靠衣装，佛靠金装
|human relies on clothes, Buddha relies on the clothing of gold
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |fine feathers make fine birds
|-
|Finnish
|vaatteet tekevät miehen
|clothes make the man
|-
|French
|la belle plume fait le bel oiseau
|the beautiful feathers make the beautiful bird
|-
|German
|Kleider machen Leute
|clothes make the man
|-
|Irish
|eochair uaisle éadach
|clothes is the key to nobility
|-
|Korean
|옷이 날개다
|clothes make the man
|-
|Polish
|jak cię widzą, tak cię piszą
|how they see you is how they perceive you
|-
|Russian
|одежда красит человека
|tailor makes the man
|}

== Appearance makes a difference not ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |ا يمكنك الحكم على كتاب من غلافه
|you can't judge a book by its cover
|-
|Chinese
|人不可貌相
|man is not to be judged by the appearance
|-
|Czech
|šaty nedělají člověka
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Danish
|man skal ikke skue hunden på hårene
|you must not look at the dog's hair
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |clothes don't make the man
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |you can't judge a book by its cover
|-
|Finnish
|vaatteet eivät tee miestä
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|German
|Kleider machen keine Leute
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Hungarian
|nem a ruha teszi az embert
|it is not the clothes that make the man
|-
|Italian
|l'abito non fa il monaco
|the habit does not make the monk
|-
|Japanese
|馬子にも衣装
|even packhorse drivers also wear clothes
|-
|Latin
|barba non facit philosophum
|the beard does not make the philosopher
|-
|Latin
|cucullus non facit monachum
|the cowl does not make the monk
|-
|Modern Greek
|τα ράσα δεν κάνουν τον παπά
|dressing doesn't make the pope
|-
|Polish
|nie szata zdobi człowieka
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Portuguese
|o hábito não faz o monge
|the habit does not make the monk
|-
|Romanian
|nu haina îl face pe om
|it is not the clothes that make the man
|-
|Russian
|по одёжке встречают, по уму провожают
|meet by clothes, see off by the mind
|-
|Russian
|на вид пригож, а внутри на чёрта похож
|looks good, but looks like devil inside
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|одело не чини човека / odelo ne čini čoveka
|the suits does not make the man
|-
|Slovenian
|obleka ne naredi človeka
|clothes don't make the man
|-
|Spanish
|el hábito no hace al monje
|the habit does not make the monk
|}

== Be patient ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|好事多磨
|good things require much rubbing
|-
|Czech
|kdo si počká, ten se dočká
|those who wait will see
|-
|Czech
|trpělivost růže přináší
|patience brings roses
|-
|Danish
|alt godt kommer til den der venter
|all good things come to those who wait
|-
|Dutch
|geduld is een schone zaak
|patience is a virtual
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |good things come to those who wait
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |patience is a virtue
|-
|Finnish
|kärsivällisyys on hyve
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Finnish
|maltti on valttia
|patience is a trump
|-
|French
|tout vient à point à qui sait attendre
|good things come to those who wait
|-
|Georgian
|ვინც მოითმენსო, ის მოიგებსო
|he who endures will win
|-
|German
|Geduld ist eine Tugend
|patience is a virtue
|-
|German
|gut Ding will Weile haben
|a good thing wants to have a while
|-
|German
|was lange währt, wird endlich gut
|something that takes a long time will finally be good
|-
|Hungarian
|a türelem rózsát terem
|patience produces roses
|-
|Italian
|dare tempo al tempo
|give time to time
|-
|Italian
|la pazienza è la virtù dei forti
|patience is the virtue of the storng
|-
|Italian
|la pazienza è una virtù provata
|patience is a proven virtue
|-
|Japanese
|果報は寝て待て
|results are sleeping and waiting
|-
|Japanese
|待てば海路の日和あり
|waiting for fair weather at a sea route
|-
|Maltese
|il-paċenzja hija virtù
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Modern Greek
|το καλό πράγμα αργεί να γίνει
|the good thing is late to happen
|-
|Norwegian
|den som venter på noe stort, venter aldri for lenge
|he who waits for something great never waits too long
|-
|Norwegian
|tålmodighet er en dyd
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Portuguese
|quem espera sempre alcança
|who waits always reaches
|-
|Portuguese
|a paciência é uma virtude
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Russian
|кто ждёт, тот дождётся
|who waits will wait
|-
|Spanish
|la paciencia es una virtud
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Spanish
|las mejores cosas de la vida se hacen esperar
|the best things in life are made to wait
|-
|Spanish
|lo bueno se hace esperar
|the good things make you wait
|-
|Swedish
|den som väntar på något gott, väntar aldrig för länge
|he who waits for something good never waits too long
|-
|Swedish
|tålamod är en dygd
|patience is a virtue
|-
|Turkish
|bekleyen derviş muradına ermiş
|the waiting dervish got his wish
|}

== Certain benefit is preferable even if it is little ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |عصفور في اليد أفضل من عصفورين على الشجرة
|a bird in the hand is better than two in the bush
|-
|Armenian
|փորձված թանը անփորձ մածունի հետ չեն փոխի
|seasoned butter will not be exchanged for unseasoned yogurt
|-
|Chinese
|一鳥在手勝於十鳥在林／一鸟在手胜于十鸟在林
|a bird in the hand is better than ten in the forest
|-
|Croatian
|bolje vrabac u ruci nego golub na grani
|better a sparrow in the hand than a dove on the branch
|-
|Czech
|epší vrabec v hrsti, nežli holub na střeše
|better a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Danish
|en fugl i hånden er bedre end ti på taget
|a bird in the hand is better than ten on the roof
|-
|Dutch
|beter één vogel in de hand dan tien in de lucht
|better one bird in the hand than ten in the sky
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |better an egg today than a hen tomorrow
|-
|Estonian
|parem varblane peos kui tuvi katusel
|better a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Finnish
|parempi pyy pivossa kuin kymmenen oksalla
|better a hazel grouse in the hand than ten on the branch
|-
|French
|à la main vaut mieux que grue qui vole
|a sparrow in hand is worth more than a frying crane
|-
|French
|un tiens vaut mieux que deux tu l'auras
|a here-you-go is worth more than two you-can-have-it-laters
|-
|Galician
|vale máis paxaro na man que cento voando
|a bird in the hand is worth more than a hundred in flight
|-
|Georgian
|დღევანდელი კვერცხი ჯობია ხვალინდელ ქათამს
|today's egg is better than tomorrow's chicken
|-
|German
|besser ein Spatz in der Hand als eine Taube auf dem Dach
|rather a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |טוב ציפור אחת ביד משתיים על העץ
|rather one bird in the hand two on the tree
|-
|Hungarian
|jobb ma egy veréb, mint holnap egy túzok
|better a sparrow today than a bustard tomorrow
|-
|Icelandic
|betri er einn fugl í hendi en tveir í skógi
|one bird in a hand is better than two in the forest
|-
|Italian
|meglio un uovo oggi che una gallina domani
|better an egg today than a hen tomorrow
|-
|Japanese
|明日の百より今日の五十
|today's 50 over tomorrow's 100
|-
|Korean
|손안에 있는 새가 숲속에 있는 두 마리보다 낫다
|a bird in the hand is better than two in the forest
|-
|Latvian
|labāk zīle rokā, nekā mednis kokā
|rather a titmouse in hand than a wood grouse in a tree
|-
|Luxembourgish
|Léiwer e Spatz an der Hand wei eng Dauf um Daach
|rather a sparrow in the hand than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Macedonian
|поарно врапче на рака отколку гулаб на гранка
|better a sparrow on a hand than a pigeon on a branch
|-
|Maltese
|aħjar għasfur f'idejk minn mija fl-ajru
|better to have a bird in your hands than a hundred in the air
|-
|Modern Greek
|κάλλιο πέντε και στο χέρι παρά δέκα και καρτέρει
|rather hold five in hand than wait for ten to come
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|én fugl i hånden er bedre enn ti på taket
|a bird in the hand is better than ten on the roof
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|ein fugl i handa er betre enn ti på taket
|a bird in the hand is better than ten on the roof
|-
|Polish
|lepszy wróbel w garści niż gołąb na dachu
|a sparrow in the hand is better than a pigeon on the roof
|-
|Polish
|lepszy wróbel w ręku niż cietrzew na sęku
|a sparrow in the hand is better than a grouse on the knur
|-
|Polish
|lepszy wróbel w ręku niż sokół na sęku
|a sparrow in the hand is better than a falcon on the knur
|-
|Portuguese
|mais vale um pássaro na mão do que dois voando
|one bird in the hand is worth more than two flying
|-
|Romanian
|nu da vrabia din mână pe cioara de pe gard
|don't exchange the sparrow in the hand with the crow on the fence
|-
|Russian
|не сули журавля в небе, дай синицу в руки
|do not promise a crane in the sky, rather give a titmouse into my hands
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|'s fhearr eun san làimh na deich air iteig
|a bird in the hand is better than ten in flight
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|боље врабац у руци него голуб на грани / bolje vrabac u ruci nego golub na grani
|better a sparrow in the hand than a dove on the branch
|-
|Slovak
|lepší vrabec v hrsti ako holub na streche
|better a sparrow in a handful than a pigeon on a roof
|-
|Spanish
|más vale pájaro en mano que ciento volando
|a bird in the hand is worth more than one hundred in flight
|-
|Swedish
|bättre en fågel i handen än tio i skogen
|better a bird in the hand than ten in the forest
|-
|Turkish
|bir eldeki kuş çalıdakinin iki misli değerdir
|a bird in hand is worth twice as much in a bush
|-
|Vietnamese
|một con chim trong tay có giá trị hơn hai con trong bụi cây
|one bird in the hand is worth more than two in the bush
|-
|Welsh
|gwell bach mewn llaw na mawr gerllaw
|better small in hand than large nearby
|}

== Destroy one's paths, connections or opportunities ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |حرق السفن
|burning the ship
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |قطع الجسور
|cutting the bridge
|-
|Chinese
|過河拆橋／过河拆桥
|cross the river, tear down the bridge
|-
|Chinese
|破釜沉舟／破釜沉舟
|smash the cooking pots and sink the boats
|-
|Dutch
|je schepen achter je verbranden
|burning your ships behind you
|-
|Danish
|bryde alle broer
|burn all bridges
|-
|Danish
|brænde alle broer
|break all bridges
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |burning one's bridges
|-
|French
|brûler les ponts
|burn the bridges
|-
|French
|brûler ses vaisseaux
|burn his ships
|-
|French
|faire sauter les ponts
|blow up the bridges
|-
|German
|alle Brücken hinter sich abbrechen
|burning all bridges behind oneself
|-
|Icelandic
|brenna allar brýr að baki sér
|burn all bridges behind oneself
|-
|Icelandic
|brjóta allar brýr að baki sér
|break all bridges behind oneself
|-
|Italian
|bruciarsi i ponti alle spalle
|burn the bridges behind
|-
|Modern Greek
|Η αναπνοή είναι η γέφυρα που συνδέει τη ζωή με τη συνείδηση
|Breathing is the bridge which unites life to consciousness
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|bryte alle broer
|burn all bridges
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|bryte alle bruer
|burn all bridges
|-
|Polish
|palić za sobą mosty
|burn the bridges behind
|-
|Portuguese
|queimar as pontes
|burn the bridges
|-
|Russian
|сжигать все мосты
|burn the bridges
|-
|Spanish
|quemar las naves
|burn the ships
|-
|Spanish
|quemar los puentes
|burn the bridges
|-
|Swedish
|bränna sina broar
|burn the bridges
|-
|Swedish
|bränna sina skepp
|burn their ships
|}

== Do not invite suspicions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|瓜田不納履，李下不整冠／瓜田不纳履，李下不整冠
|don't adjust the shoes in a melon field, don't organise the hat under a plum tree
|-
|Japanese
|瓜田に履を納れず、李下に冠を正さず
|don't adjust the shoes in a melon field, don't organise the hat under a plum tree
|-
|Korean
|과전불납리, 이하부정관
|don't adjust the shoes in a melon field, don't organise the hat under a plum tree
|}

== False display of sorrow ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
|دموع التماسيح
|crocodile tears
|-
|Armenian
|կոկորդիլոսի արցունքներ
|crocodile tears
|-
|Catalan
|llàgrimes de cocodril
|crocodile tears
|-
|Chinese
|貓哭耗子／猫哭耗子
|cat weeping for a mouse
|-
|Chinese
|鱷魚的眼淚／鳄鱼的眼泪
|crocodile tears
|-
|Czech
|krokodýlí slzy
|crocodile tears
|-
|Danish
|krokodilletårer
|crocodile tears
|-
|Dutch
|krokodillentranen
|crocodile tears
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |crocodile tears
|-
|Finnish
|krokotiilinkyyneleet
|crocodile tears
|-
|French
|larmes de crocodile
|crocodile tears
|-
|Galician
|bágoas de crocodilo
|crocodile tears
|-
|German
|Krokodilstränen
|crocodile tears
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |דמעות תנין‎
|crocodile tears
|-
|Hungarian
|krokodilkönnyek
|crocodile tears
|-
|Icelandic
|krókódílstár
|crocodile tears
|-
|Indonesian
|air mata buaya
|crocodile tears
|-
|Iranian Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |اشک تمساح‎‎
|crocodile tears
|-
|Italian
|lacrime di coccodrillo
|crocodile tears
|-
|Korean
|악어의 눈물
|crocodile tears
|-
|Lithuanian
|krokodilo ašaros
|crocodile tears
|-
|Malayalam
|മുതലക്കണ്ണീർ
|crocodile tears
|-
|Modern Greek
|κροκοδείλια δάκρυα
|crocodile tears
|-
|Norwegian
|krokodilletårer
|crocodile tears
|-
|Polish
|krokodyle łzy
|crocodile tears
|-
|Portuguese
|lágrimas de crocodilo
|crocodile tears
|-
|Romansch
|larmas da crocodil
|crocodile tears
|-
|Russian
|крокодиловы слёзы
|crocodile tears
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|deòir nam breugan
|crocodile tears
|-
|Spanish
|lágrimas de cocodrilo
|crocodile tears
|-
|Swedish
|krokodiltårar
|crocodile tears
|-
|Telugu
|మొసలి కన్నీళ్లు
|crocodile tears
|-
|Ukrainian
|крокодилячі сльози
|crocodile tears
|-
|Welsh
|dagrau crocodeil
|crocodile tears
|}

== Give one a little benefit and the one will demand more ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Albanian
|jepja gishtin, të merr dorën
|I give you the finger, take your hand
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |فتحناله، دخل بحماره‎
|we opened the door, he came in with his donkey
|-
|Chinese
|得寸進尺／得寸进尺
|get a cùn (~ 3 centemetres) and go for a chǐ (~ 30 centemetres)
|-
|Danish
|ræk nogen en lillefinger, og han tager hele armen
|give someone a little finger, they take the whole arm
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |give them an inch and they'll take a mile
|-
|Finnish
|kun antaa pahalle pikkusormen, se vie koko käden
|when you give the evil a little finger, it takes the whole hand
|-
|French
|tendez-leur la main et ils vous prennent le bras
|lend a hand and they take your arm
|-
|German
|gib jemandem den kleinen Finger und er nimmt die ganze Hand
|give someone the little finger and he takes the whole hand
|-
|Modern Greek
|Δώσε θάρρος στο χωριάτη, να σ΄ανέβει στο κρεβάτι
|Give courage to the villager to hop on your bed!
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |נותנים לו אצבע והוא רוצה את כל היד‎
|he's given the little finger and he wants the whole hand
|-
|Russian
|дай ему палец, он всю руку откусит
|give him a finger, he'll bite your whole hand off
|}

== Heavy rain ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Azerbaijani
|tut ucundan, göyə çıx
|grab the ends, go to sky
|-
|Catalan
|ploure a bots i barrals
|rain bota bags and barrels
|-
|Czech
|lít jako z konve
|pour from a water can
|-
|Dutch
|pijpenstelen regenen
|rain pipe handles
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |rain buckets
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |rain cats and dogs
|-
|Finnish
|sataa äkäisiä ämmiä äkeet selässä
|rain angry hags with harrows on their back
|-
|Finnish
|sataa kuin saavista kaataen
|rain as if by pouring from a tub
|-
|French
|pleuvoir comme vache qui pisse
|rain like a cow pissing on a flat rock
|-
|French
|pleuvoir des cordes
|rain ropes
|-
|French
|pleuvoir des hallebardes
|rain halberds
|-
|German
|Bindfäden regnen
|rain threads
|-
|German
|wie aus Eimern schütten
|like pouring out of buckets
|-
|Hungarian
|zuhog, mintha dézsából öntenék
|pour from a tub
|-
|Icelandic
|rigna eldi og brennisteini
|rain fire and brimstone
|-
|Italian
|piovere a catinelle
|rain buckets
|-
|Italian
|piovere come Dio la manda
|rain as God sends it
|-
|Japanese
|土砂降りになる
|become dropping dirt and sand
|-
|Mandarin Chinese
|傾盆大雨／倾盆大雨
|pour from a basin
|-
|Modern Greek
|βρέχει με το τουλούμι
|rain with the goatskin
|-
|Modern Greek
|ρίχνει καντάρια
|pour kantars
|-
|Modern Greek
|ρίχνει καρεκλοπόδαρα
|it's raining cats and dogs
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|regne sinte kjerringer
|rain mad hags
|-
|Polish
|lać jak z cebra
|pour like from a bucket
|-
|Portuguese
|chover a cântaros
|rain buckets
|-
|Portuguese
|chover a potes
|rain pots
|-
|Portuguese
|chover canivete
|rain pocketknives
|-
|Portuguese
|o céu vir abaixo
|the sky comes down
|-
|Romanian
|ploua cu găleata
|rain with the bucket
|-
|Russian
|лить как из ведра
|pour like from a bucket
|-
|Spanish
|llover a cántaros
|rain jugs
|-
|Spanish
|llover a mares
|rain seas
|-
|Swedish
|stå som spön i backen
|stand like rods in the ground
|-
|Welsh
|bwrw hen wragedd â ffyn
|[beating (raining)] old women with sticks
|-
|Yue Chinese
|落狗屎
|pouring dog poop
|}

== I don't understand the language ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |يتحدث باللغة الصينية
|speaking in Chinese
|-
|Armenian
|դա ինձ համար չինարեն է
|it's Chinese to me
|-
|Chavacano
|Aleman ese comigo
|it's German to me
|-
|Chinese
|鳥語／鸟语
|bird's speech
|-
|Chinese
|天書／天书
|writing from the heaven
|-
|Czech
|to je pro mě španělská vesnice
|it's a Spanish village to me
|-
|Danish
|det er græsk for mig
|it is Greek to me
|-
|Danish
|en by i Rusland
|a town in Russia
|-
|Danish
|rent volapyk
|pure Volapük
|-
|Dutch
|dat is Chinees voor mij
|this is Chinese to me
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |it's Greek to me
|-
|Esperanto
|ĝi estas por mi volapukaĵo
|it is Volapük to me
|-
|Finnish
|se on minulle täyttä hepreaa
|it is totally Hebrew to me
|-
|French
|c'est de l'hébreu
|it's Hebrew
|-
|French
|c'est du chinois
|it's Chinese
|-
|French
|c'est du javanais
|it's Javanese
|-
|French
|c'est du russe
|it's Russian
|-
|Georgian
|ჩინურია ჩემთვის
|Chinese to me
|-
|German
|das kommt mir spanisch vor
|it seems Spanish to me
|-
|German
|das sind für mich böhmische Dörfer
|that is Czech villages to me
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |זה סינית בשבילי
|it’s Chinese for me
|-
|Hindi
|क्या मैं फ़ारसी बोल रहा हूँ
|am I speaking Persian
|-
|Hungarian
|ez nekem kínai
|it’s Chinese to me
|-
|Icelandic
|þetta er hebreska fyrir mér
|this is Hebrew to me
|-
|Indonesian
|bahasa dewa
|language of deities
|-
|Indonesian
|itu bahasa planet
|that's the language of a planet
|-
|Italian
|è ostrogoto
|it's Ostrogoth
|-
|Italian
|per me è arabo
|it's Arabic to me
|-
|Latin
|graecum est; nōn legitur
|it's Greek; it cannot be read
|-
|Macedonian
|шпанско село
|Spanish village
|-
|Modern Greek
|αυτά μου φαίνονται κινέζικα
|these look chinese to me
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|det er helt gresk for meg
|it's full Greek to me
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|det er heilt gresk for meg
|it's full Greek to me
|-
|Polish
|to dla mnie chińszczyzna
|it's Chinese to me
|-
|Portuguese
|para mim você está falando grego
|you are speaking Greek to me
|-
|Panjabi
|ਕੀ ਮੈਂ ਫਾਰਸੀ ਬੋਲਦਾ ਪਿਆਂ
|am I speaking Persian
|-
|Romanian
|e chineză pentru mine
|it's Chinese to me
|-
|Russian
|китайская грамота
|Chinese writing
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|шпанска села / španska sela
|Spanish villages
|-
|Spanish
|esto es chino para mí
|this is Chinese for me
|-
|Spanish
|no entiendo ni papa
|I don't understand even one potato
|-
|Swedish
|det är rena grekiskan
|it is pure Greek
|-
|Tagalog
|parang intsik
|it looks like Chinese
|-
|Turkish
|bir şey anladıysam Arap olayım
|let me be Arabic if I understand anything
|-
|Ukrainian
|це для мене китайська грамота
|that's Chinese writing to me
|-
|Vietnamese
|nói tiếng Lào
|to speak Lao
|-
|Vietnamese
|nói tiếng Miên
|to speak Khmer
|}

== Ignorant and narrow-minded person ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|井底之蛙
|a frog at the bottom of a well
|-
|Japanese
|井底の蛙
|a frog at the bottom of a well
|-
|Malay
|katak di bawah tempurung
|a frog under a coconut shell
|-
|Malayalam
|കൂപമണ്ഡൂകം
|the frog in a well
|-
|Sanskrit
|कूपमण्डूक
|frog in a well
|-
|Thai
|กบในกะลา
|frog in a coconut shell
|-
|Vietnamese
|ếch ngồi đáy giếng
|a frog that sits at the bottom of a well
|}

== Inexperienced ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Bulgarian
|с жълто около устата
|with yellow around the mouth
|-
|Chinese
|乳臭未乾／乳臭未干
|{smell of} the mother's milk is not dried
|-
|Dutch
|nat achter de oren
|wet behind the ears
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |wet behind the ears
|-
|German
|grün hinter den Ohren
|green behind the ears
|-
|German
|feucht hinter den Ohren
|wet behind the ears
|-
|Japanese
|尻が青い
|have a blue butt
|-
|Latvian
|vēl slapjš aiz ausīm
|still wet behind the ears
|-
|Norwegian
|våt bak ørene
|wet behind the ears
|-
|Russian
|молоко на губах не обсохло
|the milk has not dried on the lips
|}

== Irreversible actions have been taken; the future is determined ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |سبق السيف العذل‎
|the sword preceded the humiliation
|-
|Bulgarian
|зарът е хвърлен
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Catalan
|el dau ha estat tirat
|the die has been rolled
|-
|Chinese
|木已成舟
|the wood has already been made into a boat
|-
|Croatian
|kostky byly vrženy
|the dice were rolled
|-
|Danish
|terningen er kastet
|the die is thrown
|-
|Dutch
|de geest is uit de fles
|genie is out of the bottle
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |genie is out of the bottle
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |the die is cast
|-
|Esperanto
|la ĵetkubo estas ĵetita
|the die is thrown
|-
|Estonian
|liisk on langenud
|the die is fallen
|-
|Finnish
|arpa on heitetty
|the die is thrown
|-
|French
|le sort en est jeté
|the fate is thrown
|-
|French
|les dés sont jetés
|the dice are thrown
|-
|French
|les jeux sont faits
|the games are made
|-
|Galician
|a sorte está botada
|the fate is thrown
|-
|Georgian
|კამათელი გაგორებულია
|the dice are rolled
|-
|German
|die Würfel sind gefallen
|the dice are fallen
|-
|Hungarian
|a kocka el van vetve
|the die has been cast away
|-
|Icelandic
|teningnum er kastað
|the die is thrown
|-
|Italian
|il dado è tratto
|the die is thrown
|-
|Japanese
|賽は投げられた
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Korean
|주사위는 던져졌다
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Latin
|ālea iacta est
|the die is cast
|-
|Macedonian
|коцката е фрлена
|the die is thrown
|-
|Modern Greek
|ο κύβος ερρίφθη
|the die is thrown
|-
|Northern Kurdish
|tîr ji kevan pekiya
|the arrow has left the bow
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|terningen er kastet
|the die is thrown
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|terningen er kasta
|the die is thrown
|-
|Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |تاس‌ها پرتاب شده‌اند‎
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Polish
|kości zostały rzucone
|the dice have been thrown
|-
|Portuguese
|a sorte está lançada
|the fate is cast
|-
|Portuguese
|os dados estão lançados
|the dice are thrown
|-
|Romanian
|zarul este aruncat
|the die is rolled
|-
|Russian
|жребий брошен
|the fate is thrown
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|dè a bhios ann, tachraidh e
|what will happen will happen
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|ко̏цка је бачена / kȍcka je bačena
|the dice is thrown
|-
|Slovak
|kocky sú hodené
|the dice are rolled
|-
|Slovenian
|kọ̑cka je padla
|the die is thrown
|-
|Spanish
|la suerte está echada
|the fortune is thrown
|-
|Swedish
|tärningen är kastad
|the dice are thrown
|-
|Turkish
|zar atıldı
|dice rolled
|-
|Ukrainian
|гральну кістку кинуто
|the die is thrown
|-
|Ukrainian
|жереб кинуто
|the fortune is thrown
|}

== Not easily categorised ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |لا السمك ولا الطيور‎
|neither fish nor bird
|-
|Catalan
|ni carn ni peix
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|Chinese
|非驢非馬／非驴非马
|neither donkey nor horse
|-
|Czech
|ani ryba ani rak
|neither fish nor crayfish
|-
|Danish
|hverken fugl eller fisk
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Dutch
|mossel noch vis
|neither mussel nor fish
|-
|Dutch
|vlees noch vis
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |neither fish nor fowl
|-
|Faroese
|hvørki fuglur ella fiskur
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Finnish
|ei lintu eikä kala
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|French
|mi-figue mi-raisin
|half-fig half-grape
|-
|Galician
|nin arre nin xo
|neither too little nor too much
|-
|German
|weder Fisch noch Fleisch
|neither fish nor meat
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right;" |לא בשר ולא חלב‎
|neither meat nor milk
|-
|Icelandic
|hvorki fugl né fiskur
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Irish
|níl sé ina ghruth ná ina mheadhg
|it's neither curd nor whey
|-
|Italian
|né carne né pesce
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|Japanese
|海の物とも山の物ともつかない
|neither things in the ocean nor things in the mountain
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|hverken fugl eller fisk
|neither bird nor fish
|-
|Polish
|ni pies, ni wydra
|neither dog nor otter
|-
|Portuguese
|nem carne nem peixe
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|Romanian
|nici cal nici măgar
|neither horse nor donkey
|-
|Russian
|ни рыба ни мясо
|neither fish nor meat
|-
|Spanish
|ni chicha ni limonada
|neither chicha nor lemonade
|-
|Swedish
|varken fågel eller fisk
|neither fowl nor fish
|-
|Yue Chinese
|唔湯唔水
|neither soup nor water
|}

== Opportunity has passed ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Armenian
|գնացքը գնացել է
|the train has left
|-
|Danish
|det tog er kørt
|the train has run
|-
|Dutch
|dat is een gepasseerd station
|that is a passed station
|-
|Dutch
|vlees noch vis
|neither meat nor fish
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |that ship has sailed
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |that train has left the station
|-
|Finnish
|se juna meni jo
|it is June for me
|-
|German
|dieser Zug ist abgefahren
|that train has left
|-
|Hungarian
|ez a vonat már elment
|this train has already gone
|-
|Hungarian
|ez a hajó már elment
|this ship has aready gone
|-
|Italian
|hai perso il treno
|you missed the train
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|det toget er kjørt
|that train has left
|-
|Russian
|поезд ушёл
|the train is gone
|-
|Spanish
|ese barco ya zarpó
|that ship has already sailed
|-
|Spanish
|se te fue el tren
|you missed the train
|}

== People who often threat seldom commit it ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|blaffende honde byt nie
|barking dogs don't bite
|-
|Albanian
|qeni që leh, s'të ha
|the dog that barks will not eat you
|-
|Basque
|zakur zaunkaria nekez hozkaria
|barking dog hardly bite
|-
|Catalan
|gos que lladra, no mossega
|dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Czech
|pes, který štěká, nekouše
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Dutch
|blaffende honden bijten niet
|barking dogs do not bite
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |barking dogs seldom bite
|-
|Esperanto
|bojanta hundo ne mordas
|a barking dog does not bite
|-
|Esperanto
|ne ĉio batas, kio tondras
|not everything thunders strikes
|-
|Finnish
|haukkuva koira ei pure
|a barking dog does not bite
|-
|French
|chien qui aboie ne mord pas
|a dog that barks does not bite
|-
|German
|Hunde, die bellen, beißen nicht
|dogs who bark don't bite
|-
|Hungarian
|amelyik kutya ugat, az nem harap
|the dog that barks does not bite
|-
|Italian
|can che abbaia non morde
|a barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Japanese
|弱い犬ほどよく吠る
|weak dogs bark more
|-
|Korean
|짖는 개는 물지 않는다
|barking dogs don't bite
|-
|Latin
|canis sine dentibus vehementius lātrat
|a dog without teeth barks more violently
|-
|Macedonian
|куче што лае, не каса
|a dog that barks, does not bite
|-
|Malay
|anjing menyalak tak menggigit
|barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Malayalam
|കുരയ്ക്കുന്ന പട്ടി കടിക്കില്ല
|a barking dog will not bite
|-
|Modern Greek
|σκύλος που γαβγίζει, δε δαγκώνει
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Polish
|pies, co bardzo szczeka, nie bardzo kąsa
|a dog that barks a lot, doesn't bite much
|-
|Portuguese
|cão que ladra não morde
|dog that barks, doesn't bite
|-
|Romanian
|câinele care latră nu mușcă
|barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Russian
|лающая собака не кусает
|a barking dog won't bite
|-
|Serbian
|пас који ла̏је не гризе
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Slovenian
|pes, ki laja, ne grize
|a dog that barks doesn't bite
|-
|Spanish
|perro ladrador, poco mordedor
|barking dog, not very biting
|-
|Swedish
|skällande hund bits inte
|barking dog does not bite
|-
|Tagalog
|ang asong tahol nang tahol ay hindi nangangagat
|a dog that barks does not bite
|-
|Tamil
|குரைக்கும் நாய் கடிக்காது
|a barking dog does not bite
|-
|Telugu
|అరిచే కుక్క కరవదు
|a barking dog will not bite
|-
|Thai
|หมาเห่าไม่กัด
|barking dog doesn't bite
|-
|Turkish
|havlayan köpek ısırmaz
|the barking dog does not bite
|}

== Person being mentioned arrives ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |اذكر غائبا تره‎
|mention an absent person, and you shall see him
|-
|Azerbaijani
|adını çək, qulağını bur
|name him, find him in the direction to which you turn your ear
|-
|Basque
|otsoa aipatu, otsoa agertu
|the wolf mentioned, the wolf appears
|-
|Bulgarian
|говорим за вълка, а той в кошарата
|speaking about the wolf , and he is in the sheep pen
|-
|Catalan
|parlant del rei de Roma, entra per la porta
|speak of the king of Rome, and he will come in through the door
|-
|Chinese
|說曹操，曹操到／说曹操，曹操到
|speak of Cáo Cāo and Cáo Cāo arrives
|-
|Czech
|my o vlku a vlk za dveřmi, my o vlku a vlk za humny
|speak of the wolf and the wolf is behind the doors
|-
|Danish
|når man taler om solen
|when you speak of the sun
|-
|Dutch
|als je het over de duivel hebt, dan zie je zijn staart
|we not only see his tail, we even step on it
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |speak of the devil and he shall appear
|-
|Estonian
|kus hundist juttu
|where speaking of the wolf
|-
|Finnish
|siinä paha missä mainitaan
|there is the evil where it is mentioned
|-
|French
|quand on parle du loup, on en voit la queue
|when you speak of the wolf, you see his tail
|-
|Georgian
|ძაღლი ახსენე და ჯოხი ხელში დაიჭირეო
|mention the dog and hold a stick in your hand
|-
|German
|wenn man vom Teufel spricht, dann kommt er
|when one speaks of the devil, then he comes
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |מדברים על החמור, והחמור בא‎
|speak of the donkey and the donkey comes
|-
|Hungarian
|ne fesd az ördögöt a falra, mert megjelenik
|don't paint the devil on the wall, or he will appear
|-
|Icelandic
|oft kemur illur þá um er rætt
|often evil comes when it is discussed
|-
|Irish
|tagann gach aon rud lena iomrá ach madadh rua agus marbhán
|everything comes to mention but a red wolf and a dead man
|-
|Italian
|parli del diavolo e spuntano le corna
|talk about the devil, and the horns appear
|-
|Japanese
|噂をすれば影がさす
|if you gossip, it will cast a shadow
|-
|Korean
|호랑이도 제 말 하면 온다
|the tiger comes when he is spoken about
|-
|Latin
|lupus in fābulā
|the wolf in a story
|-
|Latin
|lupus in sermōne
|the wolf in a conversation
|-
|Lithuanian
|vilką minim, vilkas čia
|you mention a wolf, the wolf is here
|-
|Modern Greek
|κατά φωνή κι ο γάιδαρος
|by voice, here is the donkey
|-
|Norwegian
|når man snakker om sola
|when you speak of the sun
|-
|Polish
|o wilku mowa, a wilk tu
|talk about the wolf, and he is almost here
|-
|Portuguese
|falando do diabo, aparece o rabo
|when you speak of the devil, his tail will show up
|-
|Romanian
|vorbești de lup și lupul la ușă
|you talk about the wolf and the wolf comes
|-
|Russian
|про серого речь, а серый навстречь
|when it’s spoken about a grey one, one meets the grey one
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|thig an donas ri iomradh
|the misfortune comes as mentioned
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|ми о вуку, ми о вуку а вук на врата / mi o vuku, mi o vuku a vuk na vrata
|we mention the wolf, and he enters the door
|-
|Slovenian
|ti o volku volk iz gozda
|we speak of the wolf, the wolf comes from the forest
|-
|South Levantine Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |ابن الحلال عند ذكره ببان
|the decent man appears with the mention
|-
|South Levantine Arabic
| style="text-align:right" |ذكرنا القط، أجا ينط
|we mentioned the cat and he came jumping
|-
|Spanish
|habla del rey de Roma, y asoma
|speak of the king of Rome, and he surprises you
|-
|Swedish
|när man talar om trollen, står de i farstun
|when one speaks of the trolls, they're out in the hallway
|-
|Turkish
|iti an, çomağı hazırla
|wait, prepare the stick
|-
|Ukrainian
|про вовка промовка
|speaking of the wolf
|-
|Welsh
|sonier am ddiawl, fe ymddengys y cythraul
|mention the devil, the devil will appear
|-
|Yiddish
| style="text-align:right" |מע זאל נאר דערמאנען משיחן‎
|We should only mention the Christ
|}

== Prevent before it happens ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |الوقاية خير من العلاج
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Chinese
|未雨綢繆／未雨绸缪
|bind the window tightly before it rains
|-
|Chinese
|防患未然
|prevent trouble before it happens
|-
|Danish
|det er bedre at forebygge end at helbrede
|it is better to prevent than to cure
|-
|Dutch
|voorkomen is beter dan genezen
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|French
|mieux vaut prévenir que guérir
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |prevention is better than cure
|-
|German
|Vorbeugen ist besser als Heilen
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Japanese
|予防は治療に勝る
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Malay
|mencegah lebih baik daripada mengubati
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Modern Greek
|Κάλλιον το προλαμβάνειν παρά το θεραπεύειν
Κάλλιον του θεραπεύειν το προλαμβάνειν
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Polish
|lepiej zapobiegać niż leczyć
|better to prevent than to cure
|-
|Portuguese
|prevenir é melhor do que remediar
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Russian
|профилактика лучше лечения
|prevention is better than cure
|-
|Spanish
|mas vale prevenir que lamentar
|prevention is better than regret
|-
|Spanish
|por si las moscas
|just in case there are flies
|}

== Prominence invites trouble ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Chinese
|樹大招風／树大招风
|big tree catches wind
|-
|Dutch
|hoge bomen vangen veel wind
|tall trees catch a lot of wind
|}
== Random people ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|Jan Rap en sy maat
|Jan Rap and his partner
|-
|Albanian
|Filani apo Fisteku
|Filani or Fisteku
|-
|Arabic
| style="text-align:right;" |فلان، علان وترتان
|Fulàn, 'Illàn or Tirtàn
|-
|Azerbaijani
|Ali, Vali, Pirvali
|Ali, Vali, Pirvali
|-
|Basque
|Urlia, Sandia eta Berendia
|Urlia, Sandia and Berendia
|-
|Bulgarian
|Сульо и Пульо
|Súljo and Púljo
|-
|Catalan
|en Pau, en Pere i en Berenguera
|Pau, Pere and Berenguera
|-
|Chinese
|阿貓阿狗／阿猫阿狗
|kitties and doggies
|-
|Chinese
|張三李四／张三李四
|the third son of Zhāng, the fourth son of Lǐ
|-
|Danish
|gud og hvermand
|God and every man
|-
|Dutch
|Jan, Piet en Klaas
|Jan, Piet and Klaas
|-
|Dutch
|Jan en Alleman
|Jan and Alleman
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |Tom, Dick and Harry
|-
|Finnish
|mattimeikäläinen
|Matt-someone
|-
|French
|Pierre, Paul ou Jacques
|Pierre, Paul or Jacques
|-
|German
|Hans und Franz
|Hans and Franz
|-
|German
|Hinz und Kunz
|Hinz and Kunz
|-
|German
|Krethi und Plethi
|Cherethites and Pelethites
|-
|Hindi
|ऐरा-ग़ैरा नत्थू ख़ैरा
|Airā-Ġairā Natthū Xairā
|-
|Hungarian
|boldog-boldogtalan
|happy-unhappy
|-
|Italian
|Tizio, Caio e Sempronio
|Tizio, Caio and Sempronio
|-
|Japanese
|猫も杓子も
|cats and ladles too
|-
|Korean
|개나 소나
|dogs or cows
|-
|Macedonian
|Петко, Трајко и Круме
|Petko, Trajko and Krume
|-
|Modern Greek
|κάθε καρυδιάς καρύδι
|every walnut of the walnut tree
|-
|Norwegian
|Gud og hvermann
|God and every man
|-
|Norwegian
|Per, Pål og Askeladden
|Per, Pål or Askeladden
|-
|Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |اره و اوره و شمسی کوره‎
|Âre, Ure, Šamsi Kure
|-
|Portuguese
|Fulano, Beltrano e Cicrano
|Fulano, Beltrano and Cicrano
|-
|Portuguese
|Fulano, Sicrano e Beltrano
|Fulano, Sicrano and Beltrano
|-
|Romanian
|Ion, Vasile, Gheorghe, Ana
|Ion, Vasile, Gheorghe, Ana
|-
|Russian
|Иванов, Петров, Сидоров
|Ivanóv, Petróv, Sídorov
|-
|Sardinian
|Fulanu, Bodale e Nighele
|Fulanu, Bodale and Nighele
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|И Кунто и Панто / I Kunto i Panto
|both Kunto and Panto
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|Пера, Мика, Лаза / Pera, Mika, Laza
|Pera, Mika, Laza
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|Марко и Трајко / Marko i Trajko
|Marko and Trajko
|-
|Spanish
|Fulano, Mengano y Sotano
|Fulano, Mengano and Sotano
|-
|Swedish
|Joži or Džony
|Joži or Džony
|-
|Swedish
|Andersson, Pettersson och Lundström
|Andersson, Pettersson or Lundström
|-
|Tamil
|குப்பனோ சுப்பனோ
|Kuppaṉō or Cuppaṉō
|-
|Telugu
|అప్పారావు, సుబ్బారావు
|Appārāvu, Subbārāvu
|-
|Turkish
|Ahmet, Mehmet
|Ahmet, Mehmet
|-
|Turkish
|Ali, Veli
|Ali, Veli
|-
|Urdu
| style="text-align:right;" |ایراغیرہ نتھو خیرا‎
|Era Ġera, Nathu, Khera
|-
|Welsh
|Twm, Dic neu Harri
|Twm, Dic or Harri
|}

== Stop fighting ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Catalan
|enterrar la destral de guerra
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Chinese
|化干戈為玉帛／化干戈为玉帛
|turn shields and spears into jade and silk
|-
|Czech
|zakopat válečnou sekeru
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Dutch
|de strijdbijl begraven
|bury the hatchet
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |bury the hatchet
|-
|Finnish
|haudata sotakirves
|bury the hatchet
|-
|French
|enterrer la hache de guerre
|bury the hatchet
|-
|German
|das Kriegsbeil begraben
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Hungarian
|elássa a csatabárdot
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Icelandic
|að grafa stríðsöxina
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Italian
|sotterrare l'ascia di guerra
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Modern Greek
|Θάψτε το τσεκούρι του πολέμου
|Bury the hatchet
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|begrave stridsøksen
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Polish
|zakopać topór wojenny
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Russian
|закопать топор войны
|bury the hatchet
|-
|Swedish
|begrava stridsyxan
|bury the hatchet
|}

== Subordinates take the advantage when their superior is absent ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Afrikaans
|as die kat weg is, is die muis baas
|when the cat's away, the mouse is boss
|-
|Chinese
|山中無老虎，猴子稱大王／山中无老虎，猴子称大王
|when there is no tiger in the mountain, the monkeys proclaim themselves kings
|-
|Cimbrian
|balda di khatz velt, di maüs tåntzan
|when the cat is missing, the mice dance
|-
|Czech
|když kocour není doma, myši mají pré
|when the cat's away from home, the mice are having free time
|-
|Danish
|når katten er ude, spiller musene på bordet
|when the cat is out, the mice is playing on the table
|-
|Dutch
|als de kat van huis is, dansen de muizen op tafel
|when the cat is not at home, the mice dance on the table
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |when the cat's away the mice will play
|-
|Esperanto
|kiam kato promenas, la musoj festenas
|when the cats are gone, the mice feast
|-
|Estonian
|kui kassid läinud, on hiirtel pidu
|when the cats are gone, the mice have a party
|-
|Finnish
|kun kissa on poissa, hiiret hyppivät pöydällä
|when the cat is gone, the mice jump on the table
|-
|French
|quand le chat n'est pas là, les souris dansent
|when the cat isn't there, the mice dance
|-
|German
|ist die Katze aus dem Haus, tanzen die Mäuse auf dem Tisch
|if the cat is out of the house, the mice dance on the table
|-
|Hungarian
|ha nincs otthon a macska, cincognak az egerek
|if the cat is not home, the mice squeak
|-
|Icelandic
|þegar kötturinn er frá fara mýsnar á stjá
|when the cat is gone, the mice go to roost
|-
|Irish
|nuair a bhíonn an cat amuigh, bíonn na lucha ag rince
|when the cat is out, the mice dance
|-
|Italian
|quando il gatto non c'è, i topi ballano
|when the cat is away, the mice play
|-
|Japanese
|鬼いぬ間の洗濯
|laundry when ogres are absent
|-
|Japanese
|鼬無き間の貂誇り
|pride of marten when weasels are absent
|-
|Khmer
|ឆ្មាមិននៅ កណ្ដុរឡើងរាជ្យ
|if cats are not there, mice reign
|-
|Kikuyu
|hiti ciathiĩ mbwe ciegangara
|when hyenas go away, foxes play
|-
|Kikuyu
|ngatia ciathiĩ hiti cĩeragara
|when lions have gone, hyenas dance
|-
|Korean
|고양이가 없으면 쥐가 살판이 난다
|if the cat is not there, the mice will eat
|-
|Latin
|audācem reddit fēlis absentia murem
|the absence of cat make the mouse bold
|-
|Lower Sorbian
|gaž jo kócor z domu, ga maju myšy swóju wólu
|when the cat's out of the house, the mice will have their will
|-
|Luxembourgish
|wann d’Kaz fort ass, sinn d’Mais Meeschter
|when the cat is gone, the mice are masters
|-
|Modern Greek
|όταν λείπει η γάτα, χορεύουν τα ποντίκια
|when the cat is away, the mice dance
|-
|Northern Kurdish
|kitik ne li mal e, navê mişkî Evdal e
|the kitten is not at home, the mouse's name is Evdal
|-
|Norwegian
|når katten er borte, danser musene på bordet
|when the cat’s away, the mice are dancing on the table
|-
|Persian
| style="text-align:right;" |در خانه کسی که گربه نباشد موش کدخداست‎
|in the house of the one who does not have a cat, there are mice
|-
|Polish
|gdy kota nie ma, myszy harcują
|when the cat is away, the mice play
|-
|Portuguese
|quando o gato sai, os ratos fazem a festa
|when the cat is out, the mice play
|-
|Romanian
|când pisica nu-i acasă, joacă șoarecii pe masă
|when the cat isn't home, the mice are dancing on the table
|-
|Russian
|без кота мышам раздолье
|without the cat, it’s freedom to the mice
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|tha fios aig an luch nach eil an cat a-staigh
|the mouse knows the cat is not inside
|-
|Serbian
|где мачке у кући нема ту мишеви коло воде
|where there are no cats in the house, there are mice around the water
|-
|Spanish
|cuando el gato no está, los ratones bailan
|when the cat is not there, the mice dance
|-
|Swedish
|när katten är borta, dansar råttorna på bordet
|when the cat is away, the rats dance on the table
|-
|Telugu
|రౌతు మెత్తనైతే గుర్రం మూడు కాళ్ళ మీద పరిగెత్తుతుంది
|if the rider is soft, the horse runs on three legs
|-
|Thai
|แมวไม่อยู่ หนูร่าเริง
|the cat is away, the mouse is cheerful
|-
|Vietnamese
|vắng chủ nhà, gà vọc niêu tôm
|when the owner is away from home, the chicken will peck the earthenware pot of shrimp
|}

== Unfortunate events occur in quantity ==
{| class="wikitable"
!language
!saying
!literal meaning
|-
|Arabic
|المصائب لا تأتي فرادى‎
|misfortunes do not come alone
|-
|Catalan
|les desgràcies mai no venen soles
|misfortunes do not come alone
|-
|Chinese
|屋漏偏逢連夜雨／屋漏偏逢连夜雨
|the roof is leaking, several continuous nights of rain are following
|-
|Chinese
|禍不單行／祸不单行
|misfortunes do not come alone
|-
|Cimbrian
|balda di khatz velt, di maüs tåntzan
|when the cat is missing, the mice dance
|-
|Czech
|neštěstí nechodí nikdy samo
|misfortunes never come alone
|-
|Czech
|když se to sere, tak se to sere
|when it shits, then it shits
|-
|Danish
|en ulykke kommer sjældent alene
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Dutch
|een ongeluk komt zelden alleen
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |bad things come in threes
|-
|English
| colspan="2" |it never rains but it pours
|-
|Esperanto
|malfeliĉo malofte venas sole
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Faroese
|sjáldan er ein báran støk
|a wave seldome comes alone
|-
|Faroese
|har ein skriðan er lopin er onnur væntandi
|when one landslide is over, another is waiting
|-
|Finnish
|ei vahinko yksinään tule
|the damage will not come alone
|-
|Finnish
|kaikki on vastaan, vain saha puoltaa
|everything is against me, only the saw pulls
|-
|French
|un malheur ne vient jamais seul
|a misfortune never comes alone
|-
|German
|ein Unglück kommt selten allein
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Hebrew
| style="text-align:right" |צרוֹת באות בצרורות‎
|misfortunes come in packages
|-
|Hungarian
|a baj nem jár egyedül
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Icelandic
|sjaldan er ein báran stök
|a wave seldome comes alone
|-
|Icelandic
|það er ýmist of eða van
|it is either too much or too little
|-
|Italian
|i guai non vengono mai da soli
|misfortunes never come alone
|-
|Italian
|piove sul bagnato
|it rains on the wet
|-
|Italian
|al peggio non c'è mai fine
|there is no ending to worse
|-
|Japanese
|踏んだり蹴ったり
|we often tread on and we often bump off
|-
|Japanese
|泣きっ面に蜂
|a wasp on a tearful face
|-
|Japanese
|弱り目に祟り目
|in times of weakness, evil eyes
|-
|Japanese
|降れば土砂降り
|if it rains, it rains like pouring dirt and sand
|-
|Korean
|불행은 겹친다
|misfortunes pile up
|-
|Latin
|aliud ex aliō malum
|one trouble after another
|-
|Latin
|nūlla calamitās sōla
|no misfortune is alone
|-
|Latin
|Fortūna obesse nūllī contenta est semel
|Fortune is never satisfied with hurting a man just once
|-
|Latin
|aliō relinquente flūctū alius excēpit
|one wave was letting me go, another one snatched me
|-
|Latin
|dolor dolōrem trūdit et metus metum
|one sorrow presses hard on another, and one fear on another fear
|-
|Lithuanian
|bėda viena nevaikšto
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Luxembourgish
|en Ongléck kënnt seelen eleng
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|
|Ενός κακού, μύρια έπονται
|One evil is followed by thousands
|-
|Norwegian Bokmål
|en ulykke kommer sjelden alene
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Norwegian Nynorsk
|ei ulykke kjem sjeldan aleine
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Polish
|nieszczęścia chodzą parami
|misfortunes walk in pairs
|-
|Portuguese
|um mal nunca vem só
|a bad thing never comes alone
|-
|Portuguese
|uma desgraça nunca vem sozinha
|a misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Romanian
|o nenorocire nu vine niciodată singură
|a misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Russian
|пришла беда — отворяй ворота
|when the trouble comes, open the gate
|-
|Russian
|беда одна не ходит
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Scottish Gaelic
|nuair a thig air duine, thig air uile
|when it befalls one, it befalls all
|-
|Serbo-Croatian
|несрећа никада не долази сама / nesreća nikada ne dolazi sama
|misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Slovak
|nešťastie nechodí samo
|misfortune does not come alone
|-
|Slovenian
|nesreča ne pride nikoli sama
|misfortune never come alone
|-
|Spanish
|las desgracias nunca vienen solas
|misfortunes never come alone
|-
|Spanish
|cuando llueve, diluvia
|when it rains, it pours
|-
|Spanish
|llueve sobre mojado
|it rains on the wet
|-
|Spanish
|si no quieres caldo, taza y media
|if you do not want broth, a bowl and a half
|-
|Swedish
|en olycka kommer sällan ensam
|a misfortune seldom comes alone
|-
|Swedish
|när det regnar så öser det ner
|when it rains, it pours
|-
|Thai
|ความวัวไม่ทันหาย ความควายเข้ามาแทรก
|the condition of cows does not yet cease, the condition of buffaloes comes in to join
|-
|Vietnamese
|бі́да ні́коли сама́ не хо́дить
|trouble does not come alone
|-
|Vietnamese
|họa vô đơn chí
|misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Walloon
|on måleur ni vént måy tot seu
|misfortune never comes alone
|-
|Walloon
|helynt ni ddaw ei hunan
|trouble does not come by itself
|}

==> Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Timelines-by-Country|Timelines by Country]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Regional-Classic-Video-Games|Regional Classic Video Games]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Introduction-to-Sci–Tech-Index|Introduction to Sci–Tech Index]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Helpful-Anki-Shared-Decks|Helpful Anki Shared Decks]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/How-to-Customise-Open–Source-Language-Games|How to Customise Open–Source Language Games]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Websites-of-DIY-Procedures|Websites of DIY Procedures]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Ranking-of-countries-by-cost-of-living-in-the-world|Ranking of countries by cost of living in the world]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Most-Famous-Non–Contemporary-Artists|Most Famous Non–Contemporary Artists]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Countries-and-Flag-Emoji-by-Languages|Countries and Flag Emoji by Languages]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Most-Popular-Forums-around-the-World|Most Popular Forums around the World]]
<span links></span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-29T12:58:33Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations, and these holidays play a significant role in the lives of the Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. The celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has accumulated over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s years of the XX century, celebrating Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. Renewed New Year`s traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the new year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues until the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. In these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|Regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
The second meaning of the word "Ёлка" is New Year's performances for children.
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since he is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of Winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Reminds of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pobedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for the Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Международный женский день || Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
| Цветы || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравления || Pozdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права женщин || Prava zhénshchin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey to becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-29T10:09:18Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations, and these holidays play a significant role in the lives of the Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. The celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has accumulated over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s years of the XX century, celebrating Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. New New Year traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the new year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues until the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. In these days many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|Regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since he is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of Winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Reminds of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pobedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for the Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Международный женский день || Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
| Цветы || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравления || Pozdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права женщин || Prava zhénshchin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey to becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-29T09:46:23Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations, and these holidays play a significant role in the lives of the Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. The celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyi got || New Year
|If we put aside what has accumulated over the past 30 years, this is still a Soviet holiday. In the 20s-30s years of the XX century, celebrating Christmas was prohibited, but people continued to do it secretly. Then the government came up with this official alternative. New New Year traditions and characters have appeared; all that remains from Christmas is the Christmas tree. Since then, the New Year is the most important and only holiday for the majority of Russians and other post-Soviet countries, because this holiday unites everyone.
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is a magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the new year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues until the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Typically lasts from December 31 to January 8-10. These days, many organizations, banks and companies are not working, which is causing some problems.
|-
|Ёлка
|Yólkah
|Christmas tree
|Regular Christian tree. A small spruce at home and a large one in squares, decorated with colored glass balls, ribbons and toys. The smell of a Christmas tree, tangerines and salads are the standard smells of the Russian New Year :))
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since he is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of Winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Reminds of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pobedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for the Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Международный женский день || Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
| Цветы || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравления || Pozdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права женщин || Prava zhénshchin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey to becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
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Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-27T18:49:04Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
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{{Russian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]] → [[Language/Russian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays</div>

__TOC__

== National Holidays ==

In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia. Russian culture is rich in traditions and celebrations, and these holidays play a significant role in the lives of the Russian people. Understanding and appreciating these holidays will not only broaden your knowledge of Russian culture but also help you connect with native speakers on a deeper level. Let's dive into the fascinating world of Russian national holidays!

=== New Year's Day ===

New Year's Day is one of the most beloved holidays in Russia. It is celebrated on January 1st and marks the beginning of the new year according to the Gregorian calendar. In Russia, New Year's Eve is the main event, where families and friends gather to celebrate together. The celebrations often include a festive dinner, exchanging gifts, and watching the President's New Year's address on television. At midnight, people toast with champagne and fireworks light up the sky. Ded Maróz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegúrachka (Snow Maiden) are the traditional figures who bring gifts to children.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to New Year's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
!
|-
| Но́вый год || Nóvyj got || New Year
|
|-
|Нового́дняя ночь
|Navagódnyaya noch
|New Year night
|This is the magic night, Dec,31 - Jan,1. Night of Miracles, most Russians believe this. At exactly twelve o'clock at night you can make a wish and it will definitely come true in the new year ( you have only one minute for this!!), but this wish cannot be said to anyone, so the Russians are silent for the first minute of the year :)) Then they drink champagne and congratulate their relatives and friends. Often the celebration continues until the morning.
|-
| Нового́дние пра́здники || Navagódniye prázníki || New Year holidays
|Dec, 31 - Jan, 8-10
|-
| Дед Моро́з || Ded Maróz || Grandfather Frost
|Unlike Santa, he is a completely non-religious character. This is a character from fairy tales and opera by Prokofiev of the Soviet years. Since he is a Russian grandfather, he is an old white man with a very long white beard, dressed in a red or blue long coat with white fur, the personification of Winter. He is a powerful wizard, strict, but fair. He is always a positive character and gives gifts to good children. Reminds of someone? Oh no, it's not Gandalf :))
|-
| Снегу́рочка || Snegúrachka || Snow Maiden
|Also a character from Prokofiev's opera of the same name and many other fairy tales. A young girl made of ice.
|}

=== Victory Day ===

Victory Day, also known as День Победы (Den' Pobedy) in Russian, is celebrated on May 9th to commemorate the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II. This holiday holds great significance for the Russian people, as it honors the millions of lives lost during the war. The celebrations include military parades, fireworks, concerts, and the laying of wreaths at war memorials. It is a day of remembrance and gratitude, and people often wear St. George ribbons, a symbol of victory and bravery.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to Victory Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| День Побе́ды || Den' Pabédy || Victory Day
|-
| Пара́д Побе́ды || Parád Pabédy || Victory Parade
|-
| Вое́нный парад || Vayénnyi parád || Military parade
|-
| Ве́чный ого́нь || Véchnyi agón' || Eternal flame
|}

=== International Women's Day ===

International Women's Day, known as Международный женский день (Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den') in Russian, is celebrated on March 8th. It is a day to honor and appreciate women's achievements and contributions to society. On this day, men give flowers and gifts to the women in their lives, including mothers, wives, daughters, and colleagues. It is also common for women to receive special discounts and offers at stores and restaurants. International Women's Day is an important holiday in Russia, emphasizing gender equality and the empowerment of women.

Here are some key vocabulary words related to International Women's Day:

{| class="wikitable"
! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Международный женский день || Mezhdunarodnyy zhenskiy den' || International Women's Day
|-
| Цветы || Tsvéty || Flowers
|-
| Поздравления || Pozdravléniya || Congratulations
|-
| Права женщин || Prava zhénshchin || Women's rights
|}

=== Conclusion ===

In this lesson, you learned about the most important national holidays in Russia. New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day are just a few examples of the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people. By understanding and celebrating these holidays, you can gain a deeper appreciation for Russian culture and connect with native speakers on a more personal level. Keep exploring the diverse traditions and holidays of Russia, and continue your journey to becoming fluent in the Russian language!

{{#seo:
|title=Russian Culture → Russian Traditions and Holidays → National Holidays
|keywords=Russian culture, Russian traditions, Russian holidays, New Year's Day, Victory Day, International Women's Day
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the most important national holidays in Russia, such as New Year's Day, Victory Day, and International Women's Day.
}}

{{Russian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}

[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Russian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Russian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>

==Videos==

===National Russian Holidays - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jkyyh4h5s4</youtube>

==Sources==
* [https://rusmania.com/holidays-in-russia Russian Culture Holidays in Russia]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-culture-holidays-traditions-4178980 Understanding Russian Culture: Holidays and Traditions]
* [https://www.trincoll.edu/language-culture-studies/russian/russian-events-holidays/ Russian Events and Holidays - Language and Culture Studies]

==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Literature|Russian Literature]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Traditional Celebrations]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Icons-and-Churches|Icons and Churches]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Matryoshka-Doll|Matryoshka Doll]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russian-Folk-Traditions|Russian Folk Traditions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Russia-Historical-Events|Russia Historical Events]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Famous-Writers|Famous Writers]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Visual-Arts-:-Paintings|Visual Arts : Paintings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Why-Learn-Russian|Why Learn Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Culture/Dance|Dance]]

{{Russian-Page-Bottom}}

<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"

|[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Dining-Out|◀️ Dining Out — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Russian/Culture/Traditional-Celebrations|Next Lesson — Traditional Celebrations ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-26T18:44:58Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

Language/Russian/Culture/National-Holidays

2023-12-25T16:08:45Z

About Blank: /* New Year's Day */

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/longest-word

2023-08-31T19:54:52Z

About Blank: /* What is the longest Russian word? */

[[File:The longest word in Russian.png|alt=The longest word in Russian|thumb]]

==What is the longest Russian word?==

The longest Russian word is an adjective:

«'''электрофотополупроводниковый'''» with 28 letters.

It's a scientific word, it means ‘electrophotosemiconducting’.

'''"одиннадцатиклассница"''' with 20 letters = 11-grade-school-girl

'''"стовосьмидесятипятимиллиметровка"''' with 32 letters = 185mm-gun

[[Category:longest-word]]

==Videos==

===The Longest Russian Words and How to Pronounce Them - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRnP-Q_78bw</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
After mastering the longest word, don't forget to check out our other related lessons, such as [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Several-ways-to-say-hi-and-bye-in-Russian|saying hi and bye in Russian]],
[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Everyday-Phrases|everyday Russian phrases]], and even [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animal-Sounds|Russian animal sounds]]! 📚🇷🇺
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms|Russian idioms]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Count-from-1-to-10|Count from 1 to 10]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Verbs-related-to-speaking|Verbs related to speaking]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Several-ways-to-say-hi-and-bye-in-Russian|Several ways to say hi and bye in Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Kitchen|Kitchen]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/At-the-Store|At the Store]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Airport|Airport]]
<span links></span>

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/longest-word

2023-08-31T19:54:27Z

About Blank: /* What is the longest Russian word? */

[[File:The longest word in Russian.png|alt=The longest word in Russian|thumb]]

==What is the longest Russian word?==

The longest Russian word is an adjective:

«'''электрофотополупроводниковый'''» with 28 letters.

It's a scientific word, it means ‘electrophotosemiconducting’.

'''"одиннадцатиклассница"''' with 20 letters = 11-grade-school-girl

'''"стовосьмидесятипятимиллиметровка"''' with 28 letters = 185mm-gun

[[Category:longest-word]]

==Videos==

===The Longest Russian Words and How to Pronounce Them - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRnP-Q_78bw</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
After mastering the longest word, don't forget to check out our other related lessons, such as [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Several-ways-to-say-hi-and-bye-in-Russian|saying hi and bye in Russian]],
[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Everyday-Phrases|everyday Russian phrases]], and even [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animal-Sounds|Russian animal sounds]]! 📚🇷🇺
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms|Russian idioms]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Count-from-1-to-10|Count from 1 to 10]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Verbs-related-to-speaking|Verbs related to speaking]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Several-ways-to-say-hi-and-bye-in-Russian|Several ways to say hi and bye in Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Kitchen|Kitchen]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/At-the-Store|At the Store]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Airport|Airport]]
<span links></span>

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/longest-word

2023-08-31T10:01:35Z

About Blank: /* What is the longest Russian word? */

[[File:The longest word in Russian.png|alt=The longest word in Russian|thumb]]

==What is the longest Russian word?==

The longest Russian word is an adjective:

«'''электрофотополупроводниковый'''» with 28 letters.

It's a scientific word, it means ‘electrophotosemiconducting’.

'''"одиннадцатиклассница"''' with 20 letters = 11-grade-school-girl

[[Category:longest-word]]

==Videos==

===The Longest Russian Words and How to Pronounce Them - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRnP-Q_78bw</youtube>

==Other Lessons==
After mastering the longest word, don't forget to check out our other related lessons, such as [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Several-ways-to-say-hi-and-bye-in-Russian|saying hi and bye in Russian]],
[[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Everyday-Phrases|everyday Russian phrases]], and even [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animal-Sounds|Russian animal sounds]]! 📚🇷🇺
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms|Russian idioms]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Count-from-1-to-10|Count from 1 to 10]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Verbs-related-to-speaking|Verbs related to speaking]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Several-ways-to-say-hi-and-bye-in-Russian|Several ways to say hi and bye in Russian]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Education|Education]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Kitchen|Kitchen]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/At-the-Store|At the Store]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Airport|Airport]]
<span links></span>

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-05-15T13:36:26Z

About Blank: /* Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>
{{Russian-flag}}
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n). Also, only-plural words (pl), who have not single number. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-roop
|screw
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|}

== Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples
|-
|грат (m single only)
|grat
|grat, burr
|Снять грат с изделия - Remove the burr from the product
|-
|му́сор (m single only)
|mо́о́-sor
|garbage, trash
|Вы́кинуть му́сор из до́ма- Remove the garbage out of the house
|-
|обло́й (m single only)
|ob-lо́y
|flash
|Снять обло́й - Remove the flash from plastic
|-
|обре́зки (pl)
|ob-rе́'''s'''-kee
|trimmings, cuttings
|Собра́ть обре́зки по́сле рабо́ты - Collect the cuttings after work
|-
|опи́лки (pl)
|oh-peel-kee
|sawdust, filings
|Подмести́ опи́лки c по́лу - Sweep the sawdust from the floor
|-
|пыль (f single only)
|pyl
|dust
|Вы́тереть пыль с колонок - Wipe the dust off the speakers
|-
|стру́жка (f single only)
|strо́о́ge-kah
|shavings, chips
|Смахну́ть стру́жку со стола - Brush chips off the table
|-
|хлам (m single only)
|khlam
|junk, trash, rubbish
|Вы́бросить хлам из до́ма - Remove the rubbish out of the house
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

==Other lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|Family and Relationships]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Herbs-and-Spices|Herbs and Spices]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Good-Bye|How to Say Good Bye]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Hobbies|Hobbies]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Idiomatic-Expressions|Idiomatic Expressions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Flirting-Phrases|Flirting Phrases]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Bank|Bank]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms-(2)|Russian idioms (2)]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-week|Days of the week]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Trees|Trees]]

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-05-15T13:35:27Z

About Blank: /* Крепёж (m) - Fasteners */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>
{{Russian-flag}}
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n). Also, only-plural words (pl), who have not single number. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-roop
|screw
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|}

=== Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples
|-
|грат (m single only)
|grat
|grat, burr
|Снять грат с изделия - Remove the burr from the product
|-
|му́сор (m single only)
|mо́о́-sor
|garbage, trash
|Вы́кинуть му́сор из до́ма- Remove the garbage out of the house
|-
|обло́й (m single only)
|ob-lо́y
|flash
|Снять обло́й - Remove the flash from plastic
|-
|обре́зки (pl)
|ob-rе́'''s'''-kee
|trimmings, cuttings
|Собра́ть обре́зки по́сле рабо́ты - Collect the cuttings after work
|-
|опи́лки (pl)
|oh-peel-kee
|sawdust, filings
|Подмести́ опи́лки c по́лу - Sweep the sawdust from the floor
|-
|пыль (f single only)
|pyl
|dust
|Вы́тереть пыль с колонок - Wipe the dust off the speakers
|-
|стру́жка (f single only)
|strо́о́ge-kah
|shavings, chips
|Смахну́ть стру́жку со стола - Brush chips off the table
|-
|хлам (m single only)
|khlam
|junk, trash, rubbish
|Вы́бросить хлам из до́ма - Remove the rubbish out of the house
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

==Other lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|Family and Relationships]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Herbs-and-Spices|Herbs and Spices]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Good-Bye|How to Say Good Bye]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Hobbies|Hobbies]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Idiomatic-Expressions|Idiomatic Expressions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Flirting-Phrases|Flirting Phrases]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Bank|Bank]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms-(2)|Russian idioms (2)]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-week|Days of the week]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Trees|Trees]]

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-05-15T13:26:15Z

About Blank: /* Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>
{{Russian-flag}}
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n). Also, only-plural words (pl), who have not single number. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-roop
|screw
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples
|-
|грат (m single only)
|grat
|grat, burr
|Снять грат с изделия - Remove the burr from the product
|-
|му́сор (m single only)
|mо́о́-sor
|garbage, trash
|Вы́кинуть му́сор из до́ма- Remove the garbage out of the house
|-
|обло́й (m single only)
|ob-lо́y
|flash
|Снять обло́й - Remove the flash from plastic
|-
|обре́зки (pl)
|ob-rе́'''s'''-kee
|trimmings, cuttings
|Собра́ть обре́зки по́сле рабо́ты - Collect the cuttings after work
|-
|опи́лки (pl)
|oh-peel-kee
|sawdust, filings
|Подмести́ опи́лки c по́лу - Sweep the sawdust from the floor
|-
|пыль (f single only)
|pyl
|dust
|Вы́тереть пыль с колонок - Wipe the dust off the speakers
|-
|стру́жка (f single only)
|strо́о́ge-kah
|shavings, chips
|Смахну́ть стру́жку со стола - Brush chips off the table
|-
|хлам (m single only)
|khlam
|junk, trash, rubbish
|Вы́бросить хлам из до́ма - Remove the rubbish out of the house
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

==Other lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|Family and Relationships]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Herbs-and-Spices|Herbs and Spices]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Good-Bye|How to Say Good Bye]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Hobbies|Hobbies]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Idiomatic-Expressions|Idiomatic Expressions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Flirting-Phrases|Flirting Phrases]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Bank|Bank]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms-(2)|Russian idioms (2)]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-week|Days of the week]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Trees|Trees]]

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-05-15T13:25:11Z

About Blank: /* Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>
{{Russian-flag}}
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n). Also, only-plural words (pl), who have not single number. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-roop
|screw
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|}

=== Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples
|-
|грат (m single only)
|grat
|grat, burr
|Снять грат с изделия - Remove the burr from the product
|-
|му́сор (m single only)
|mо́о́-sor
|garbage, trash
|Вы́кинуть му́сор из до́ма- Remove the garbage out of the house
|-
|обло́й (m single only)
|ob-lо́y
|flash
|Снять обло́й - Remove the flash from plastic
|-
|обре́зки (pl)
|ob-rе́'''s'''-kee
|trimmings, cuttings
|Собра́ть обре́зки по́сле рабо́ты - Collect the cuttings after work
|-
|опи́лки (pl)
|oh-peel-kee
|sawdust, filings
|Подмести́ опи́лки c по́лу - Sweep the sawdust from the floor
|-
|пыль (f single only)
|pyl
|dust
|Вы́тереть пыль с колонок - Wipe the dust off the speakers
|-
|стру́жка (f single only)
|strо́о́ge-kah
|shavings, chips
|Смахну́ть стру́жку со стола - Brush chips off the table
|-
|хлам (m single only)
|khlam
|junk, trash, rubbish
|Вы́бросить хлам из до́ма - Remove the rubbish out of the house
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

==Other lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|Family and Relationships]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Herbs-and-Spices|Herbs and Spices]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Good-Bye|How to Say Good Bye]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Hobbies|Hobbies]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Idiomatic-Expressions|Idiomatic Expressions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Flirting-Phrases|Flirting Phrases]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Bank|Bank]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms-(2)|Russian idioms (2)]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-week|Days of the week]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Trees|Trees]]

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-05-15T12:43:11Z

About Blank: /* Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>
{{Russian-flag}}
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl only)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-roop
|screw
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|}

=== Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!
|-
|грат (m)
|grat
|grat, burr
|
|-
|обло́й (m)
|ob-loy
|flash
|
|-
|опи́лки (pl only)
|oh-peel-kee
|sawdust, filings
|
|-
|стру́жка (f)
|strooge-kah
|shavings
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

==Other lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|Family and Relationships]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Herbs-and-Spices|Herbs and Spices]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Good-Bye|How to Say Good Bye]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Hobbies|Hobbies]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Idiomatic-Expressions|Idiomatic Expressions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Flirting-Phrases|Flirting Phrases]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Bank|Bank]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms-(2)|Russian idioms (2)]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-week|Days of the week]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Trees|Trees]]

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-05-15T12:35:51Z

About Blank: /* Крепёж (m) - Fasteners */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>
{{Russian-flag}}
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl only)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-roop
|screw
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|}

=== Отхо́ды (pl) - Waste products ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!
|-
|обло́й (m)
|
|
|
|-
|стру́жка (f)
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

==Other lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|Family and Relationships]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Herbs-and-Spices|Herbs and Spices]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Good-Bye|How to Say Good Bye]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Hobbies|Hobbies]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Countries-and-Continents|Countries and Continents]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Idiomatic-Expressions|Idiomatic Expressions]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Animals|Animals]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Greetings|Greetings]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-Foods|Common Foods]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Flirting-Phrases|Flirting Phrases]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Bank|Bank]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Russian-idioms-(2)|Russian idioms (2)]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Days-of-the-week|Days of the week]]
* [[Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Trees|Trees]]

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-20T14:59:03Z

About Blank: /* Крепёж (m) - Fasteners */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>

In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl only)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-roop
|screw
|
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-20T14:57:21Z

About Blank: /* Крепёж (m) - Fasteners */

<div class="pg_page_title">Материа́лы - Construction materials</div>

In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.

<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl only)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!
|-
|болт (m)
|bolt
|screw
|
|-
|винт (m)
|vint
|screw
|
|-
|га́йка (f)
|guy-kah
|nut
|
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|gwozdi
|nail
|
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|zah-gym
|clamp
|
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|zack-lyop-kah
|rivet
|
|-
|клин (m)
|clean
|wedge, shim
|
|-
|кольцо (n)
|call-zoh
|ring
|
|-
|конфирмат(m)
|confirmate
|confirmate
|
|-
|прокла́дка (f)
|proh-lad-kah
|gasket, spacer
|
|-
|распо́рка (f)
|rasp-ork-ah
|spacer, strut
|
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|scow-bah
|bracket, brace
|
|-
|стяжка (f)
|stage-kah
|coupler
|
|-
|хомут (m)
|home-oot
|clamp, buckle
|
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|shy-bah
|washer
|
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|sure-oop
|screw
|
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|speal-kah
|stud
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-19T14:31:08Z

About Blank: /* Неметаллы - Non-metallic */

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Construction materials}}

= Материа́лы - Construction materials =
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|al-you-m'''е́'''-niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|be-ree-liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́n-zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h-l'''a'''ter
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee-lе́-z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la-tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee-tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug-niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee-keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|all-love-oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h-tee-nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rr-tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee'''-nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se-r'''ee'''-brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp-love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee-tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|chrome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew-goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|zynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
=== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs from these nouns
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee'''-tо́n
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|бума́га (f)
|boo-mа́h-gah
|paper
|Бума́жн'''ый''' стака́н - Paper cup
|
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h-wey
|gravel
|Грави́йн'''ая''' дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah-nit
|granite
|Грани́тн'''ая''' плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|де́рево (n)
|dе́-ree-wow
|wood
|Деревя́нн'''ый''' столб - Wooden pole
|одеревене́ть - to stiffen
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come-in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|кера́мика (f)
|cerami-kah
|ceramics
|
|
|-
|обо́и (pl only)
|oh-boy
|wallpaper
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|p'''ee'''-sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|"пропесо́чить" (slang) -
to chew someone out
|-
|пла́стик (m)
|plas-tik
|plastic
|
|
|-
|рези́на (f)
|r'''ee'''-see-nah
|rubber
|
|
|-
|стекло́ (n)
|st'''ee'''k-loh
|glass
|
|остекли́ть - to glaze
|-
|тексти́ль (m)
|tex-teel
|textile
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|z'''y'''-mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́-b'''ee'''n
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

=== Крепёж (m) - Fasteners ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!
|-
|болт (m)
|
|
|
|-
|винт (m)
|
|
|
|-
|га́йка (f)
|
|
|
|-
|гвоздь (m)
|
|
|
|-
|зажи́м (m)
|
|
|
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|
|
|
|-
|скоба́ (f)
|
|
|
|-
|ша́йба (f)
|
|
|
|-
|шуру́п (m)
|
|
|
|-
|шпи́лька (f)
|
|
|
|}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Construction materials}}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-19T13:41:46Z

About Blank:

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Construction materials}}

= Материа́лы - Construction materials =
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bee ree liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|о́h love oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tee nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|r tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee''' nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|see r'''ee''' brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|kh Rome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
=== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee''' tо́ne
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h viy
|gravel
|Грави́йная дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah nit
|granite
|Грани́тная плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|дерево
|
|
|
|
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|керамика
|
|
|
|
|-
|обои
|
|
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|pee sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|пропесо́чить - to scold smb.
|-
|пластик
|
|
|
|
|-
|резина
|
|
|
|
|-
|стекло
|
|
|
|
|-
|текстиль
|
|
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|ts'''y''' mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́ beni
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

=== Крепёж - Fasteners ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!
|-
|болт (m)
|
|
|
|-
|винт (m)
|
|
|
|-
|гайка (f)
|
|
|
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|
|
|
|-
|зажим (m)
|
|
|
|-
|скоба (f)
|
|
|
|-
|шайба (f)
|
|
|
|-
|шуруп (m)
|
|
|
|-
|шпилька (f)
|
|
|
|}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Construction materials}}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-19T13:40:45Z

About Blank:

= Материа́лы - Construction materials =
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bee ree liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|о́h love oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tee nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|r tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee''' nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|see r'''ee''' brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|kh Rome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
=== Неметаллы - Non-metallic ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee''' tо́ne
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h viy
|gravel
|Грави́йная дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah nit
|granite
|Грани́тная плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|дерево
|
|
|
|
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|керамика
|
|
|
|
|-
|обои
|
|
|
|
|-
|песо́к (m)
|pee sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|пропесо́чить - to scold smb.
|-
|пластик
|
|
|
|
|-
|резина
|
|
|
|
|-
|стекло
|
|
|
|
|-
|текстиль
|
|
|
|
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|ts'''y''' mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́ beni
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

=== Крепёж - Fasteners ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!
|-
|болт (m)
|
|
|
|-
|винт (m)
|
|
|
|-
|гайка (f)
|
|
|
|-
|заклёпка (f)
|
|
|
|-
|зажим (m)
|
|
|
|-
|скоба (f)
|
|
|
|-
|шайба (f)
|
|
|
|-
|шуруп (m)
|
|
|
|-
|шпилька (f)
|
|
|
|}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Construction materials}}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-19T13:38:22Z

About Blank: /* Others */

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-17T09:19:57Z

About Blank: /* Others */

= Материа́лы - Construction materials =
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bee ree liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|о́h love oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tee nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|r tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee''' nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|see r'''ee''' brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|kh Rome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
=== Others ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee''' tо́ne
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h viy
|gravel
|Грави́йная дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah nit
|granite
|Грани́тная плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|песо́к (m)
|pee sо́ck
|sand
|Пес'''о́ч'''н'''ые''' часы́ (pl) - Hourglass, but
Пес'''ча́'''н'''ый''' пляж - Sand beach
|пропесо́чить - to scold smb.
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|ts'''y''' mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́ beni
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-17T09:00:36Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

= Материа́лы - Construction materials =
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian
(а-я)
!Pronunciation
(like English)
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' niy
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bee ree liy
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|jee lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|la tune
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lee tiy
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug niy
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|о́h love oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tee nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|r tute
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee''' nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|see r'''ee''' brо́
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|sp love (v='''f''')
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tee tun
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|kh Rome
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chew goon
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
=== Others ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee''' tо́ne
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h viy
|gravel
|Грави́йная дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah nit
|granite
|Грани́тная плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|ts'''y''' mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́ beni
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-16T10:42:01Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

= Материа́лы - Construction materials =
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>
=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюми́ниев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бери́ллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бро́нзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''а́я''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Желе́зн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|lah tuni
|brass
|Лату́нн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lih tii
|lithium
|Ли́тиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mug nii
|magnesium
|Ма́гниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Ме́дн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|knee keel
|nickel
|Никелиро́ванн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|о́лово (n)
|о́h love oh
|tin
|Оловя́нн'''ый''' припо́й - Tin solder
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Пла́тинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rtuti
|mercury, quicksilver
|Рту́тн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|свине́ц (m)
|sw'''ee''' nе́ts
|lead, plumbum
|Свинцо́в'''ая''' пу́ля - Lead bullet
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Сере́брен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|splah'''f'''
|alloy, alligation
|Металли́ческ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|style
|steel
|Нержаве́ющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Тита́нов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хро́мов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугу́нн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Ци́нков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
=== Others ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Some verbs
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee''' tо́ne
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|гра́вий (m)
|grа́h viy
|gravel
|Грави́йная дорога - Gravel road
|
|-
|грани́т (m)
|grah nit
|granite
|Грани́тная плита́ - Granite slab
|
|-
|ка́мень (m)
|come in
|stone
|Ка́менн'''ая''' мостова́я - Stone pavement
|окамене́ть - turn to stone (figuratively)
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|ts'''y''' mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|ще́бень (m)
|schе́ beni
|rubble
|Щебёнка (noun) - Road-metal
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-16T09:59:20Z

About Blank: /* Материа́лы - Materials */

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-16T09:56:25Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

= Материа́лы - Materials =
In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>

=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''ая''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lih tii
|lithium
|Литиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mа́hg nii
|magnesium
|Магниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Медн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|nih kihli
|nickel
|Никелированн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rtuti
|mercury, quicksilver
|Ртутн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебрен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|splah'''f'''
|alloy, alligation
|Металлическ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титанов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

=== Others ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
!Verbs
|-
|бето́н (m)
|b'''ee''' tо́ne
|concrete
|Бетонн'''ая''' сте́на - Concrete wall
|Бетони́ровать - to concrete
|-
|цеме́нт (m)
|ts'''y''' mе́nt
|cement
|Цементн'''ая''' сме́сь - Cement blend
|Цементи́ровать - to cement
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-16T09:41:30Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

Материа́лы - Materials

In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that ALL Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine(m), feminine(f), neuter(n) and plural(pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will change also. And attention to stresses and unstressed vowels like "'''О'''" and "'''Е'''", which usually change to "'''А"''' and "'''И".'''</small>

=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''ая''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lih tii
|lithium
|Литиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mа́hg nii
|magnesium
|Магниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Медн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|nih kihli
|nickel
|Никелированн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rtuti
|mercury, quicksilver
|Ртутн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебрен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|splah'''f'''
|alloy, alligation
|Металлическ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титанов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|бето́н (m)
|bee tо́ne
|concrete
|
|-
|цеме́нт
|tsee mе́nt
|cement
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-13T12:41:16Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-13T12:30:34Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

Материа́лы - Materials

In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that all Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine (m), feminine (f), neuter (n) and plural (pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will also change. Also attention to stresses and unstressed vowels, which may '''differ''' from the alphabet.</small>

=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''ая''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (about a richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (the best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lih tii
|lithium
|Литиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mа́hg nii
|magnesium
|Магниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|medi
|copper, cuprum
|Медн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc (the reward)
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rtuti
|mercury, quicksilver
|Ртутн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебрен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|Металлическ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титанов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (about a stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-12T12:44:21Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

Материа́лы - Materials

In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that all Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine (m), feminine (f), neuter (n) and plural (pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will also change. Also attention to stresses and unstressed vowels, which may '''differ''' from the alphabet.</small>

=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиев'''ый''' радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиев'''ый''' сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзов'''ый''' па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золот'''ая''' ло́жка - Golden spoon (richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железн'''ая''' ло́гика - Iron logic (best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунн'''ая''' га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lih tihi
|lithium
|Литиев'''ый''' аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|Магниев'''ая''' соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|Медн'''ые''' провода́ - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированн'''ая''' посу́да - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платинов'''ый''' диск - Platinum Disc
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rtuti
|mercury, quicksilver
|Ртутн'''ый''' гра́дусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебрен'''ая''' цепо́чка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|Металлическ'''ий''' сплав - Metal alloy
|-
|сталь (f)
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющ'''ая''' сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титанов'''ая''' руда́ - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромов'''ый''' рудни́к - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунн'''ый''' лоб - Cast iron forehead (very stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинков'''ый''' гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-12T12:22:43Z

About Blank: /* Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys */

Материа́лы - Materials

In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that all Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine (m), feminine (f), neuter (n) and plural (pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will also change. Also attention to stresses and unstressed vowels, which may '''differ''' from the alphabet.</small>

=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиевый радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиевый сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзовый па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золотая ложка - Golden spoon (richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железная логика - Iron logic (best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунная га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (m)
|lih tihi
|lithium
|Литиевый аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (m)
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|Магниевая соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|Медные провода - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированная посуда - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платиновый диск - Platinum Disc
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rtuti
|mercury
|Ртутный градусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебреная цепочка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (m)
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|
|-
|сталь (f)
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющая сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (m)
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титановая руда - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (m)
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромовый рудник - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (m)
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунный лоб - Cast iron forehead (very stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (m)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинковый гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-12T12:20:43Z

About Blank: /* Мета́лл - Metals */

Материа́лы - Materials

In this lesson, I would like to talk about some of the names of materials in Russian. If I missed something, please add it.
<small>Don't forget that all Russian nouns have one of three genders: masculine (m), feminine (f), neuter (n) and plural (pl) also. The endings of adjectives, numerals and past tense verbs referring to these nouns will also change. Also attention to stresses and unstressed vowels, which may '''differ''' from the alphabet.</small>

=== Мета́ллы и спла́вы - Metals and alloys ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний (m)
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиевый радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий (m)
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиевый сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза (f)
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзовый па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото (n)
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золотая ложка - Golden spoon (richman)
|-
|желе́зо (n)
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железная логика - Iron logic (best logic)
|-
|лату́нь (f)
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунная га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий (f)
|lih tihi
|lithium
|Литиевый аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний (f)
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|Магниевая соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь (f)
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|Медные провода - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель (f)
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированная посуда - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина (f)
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платиновый диск - Platinum Disc
|-
|ртуть (f)
|rtuti
|mercury
|Ртутный градусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́ (n)
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебреная цепочка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав (f)
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|
|-
|сталь (f)
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющая сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н (f)
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титановая руда - Titanium ore
|-
|хром (f)
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромовый рудник - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н (f)
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунный лоб - Cast iron forehead (very stupid guy)
|-
|цинк (f)
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинковый гроб - Zinc coffin
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-12T11:21:39Z

About Blank: /* Мета́лл - Metals */

== Материа́лы - Materials ==

=== Мета́лл - Metals ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиевый радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиевый сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзовый па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золотая ложка - Golden spoon (richman)
|-
|желе́зо
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железная логика - Iron logic
|-
|лату́нь
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунная га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий
|lih tihi
|lithium
|Литиевый аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|Магниевая соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|Медные провода - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированная посуда - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платиновый диск - Platinum Disc
|-
|ртуть
|rtuti
|mercury
|Ртутный градусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебреная цепочка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|
|-
|сталь
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющая сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титановая руда - Titanium ore
|-
|хром
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромовый рудник - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунный лоб - Cast iron forehead (very stupid guy)
|-
|цинк
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинковый гроб - Zinc coffin
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-11T21:41:55Z

About Blank: /* Мета́лл - Metals */

== Материа́лы - Materials ==

=== Мета́лл - Metals ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиевый радиа́тор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиевый сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза
|brо́hn zah
|bronze
|Бронзовый па́мятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золотая ложка - Golden spoon (richman)
|-
|желе́зо
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железная логика - Iron logic
|-
|лату́нь
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунная га́йка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий
|lih tihi
|lithium
|Литиевый аккумуля́тор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|Магниевая соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|Медные провода - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированная посуда - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платиновый диск - Platinum Disc
|-
|ртуть
|rtuti
|mercury
|Ртутный градусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебреная цепочка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|
|-
|сталь
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющая сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титановая кружка - Titanium mug
|-
|хром
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромовый рудник - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунный лоб - Cast iron forehead (very stupid guy)
|-
|цинк
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинковый гроб - Zinc coffin
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-11T21:40:22Z

About Blank: /* Materials */

== Материа́лы - Materials ==

=== Мета́лл - Metals ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиевый радиатор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиевый сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза
|brohn zah
|bronze
|Бронзовый памятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золотая ложка - Golden spoon (richman)
|-
|желе́зо
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железная логика - Iron logic
|-
|лату́нь
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунная гайка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий
|lih tihi
|lithium
|Литиевый аккумулятор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|Магниевая соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|Медные провода - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированная посуда - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платиновый диск - Platinum Disc
|-
|ртуть
|rtuti
|mercury
|Ртутный градусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебреная цепочка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|
|-
|сталь
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющая сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титановая кружка - Titanium mug
|-
|хром
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромовый рудник - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунный лоб - Cast iron forehead (very stupid guy)
|-
|цинк
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинковый гроб - Zinc coffin
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-11T21:37:22Z

About Blank:

== Materials ==

=== Metals ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
!Examples with adjectives
|-
|аллюми́ний
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|Аллюминиевый радиатор - Aluminum heatsink
|-
|бери́ллий
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|Бериллиевый сплав - Beryllium alloy
|-
|бронза
|brohn zah
|bronze
|Бронзовый памятник - Bronze monument
|-
|зо́лото
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|Золотая ложка - Golden spoon
|-
|желе́зо
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|Железная логика - Iron logic
|-
|лату́нь
|lah tuni
|brass
|Латунная гайка - Brass nut
|-
|ли́тий
|lih tihi
|lithium
|Литиевый аккумулятор - Lithium battery
|-
|ма́гний
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|Магниевая соль - Magnesium salt
|-
|медь
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|Медные провода - Copper wires
|-
|ни́кель
|nih kehli
|nickel
|Никелированная посуда - Nickel-plated tableware
|-
|пла́тина
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|Платиновый диск - Platinum Disc
|-
|ртуть
|rtuti
|mercury
|Ртутный градусник - Mercury thermometer
|-
|серебро́
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|Серебреная цепочка - Silver chain
|-
|сплав
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|
|-
|сталь
|stahli
|steel
|Нержавеющая сталь - Stainless steel
|-
|тита́н
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|Титановая кружка - Titanium mug
|-
|хром
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|Хромовый рудник - Chrome mine
|-
|чугу́н
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|Чугунный лоб - Cast iron forehead (very stupid guy)
|-
|цинк
|tsynk
|zinc
|Цинковый гроб - Zinc coffin
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-10T11:18:32Z

About Blank: /* Materials */

== Materials ==

=== Metals ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Russian (а-я)
!Pronunciation
!English
|-
|аллюми́ний
|ah lu m'''е́''' nii
|aluminum
|-
|бери́ллий
|bih rih lii
|beryllium
|-
|зо́лото
|zо́h l'''a'''h toh
|gold
|-
|желе́зо
|zh'''i'''h lе́ z'''a'''h
|iron, ferrum
|-
|лату́нь
|lah tuni
|brass
|-
|ли́тий
|lih tihi
|lithium
|-
|ма́гний
|mа́h gnii
|magnesium
|-
|медь
|med`
|copper, cuprum
|-
|ни́кель
|nih kehli
|nickel
|-
|пла́тина
|plа́h tih nah
|platinum
|-
|серебро́
|se r'''i'''h brо́h
|silver
|-
|сплав
|splahf
|alloy, alligation
|-
|сталь
|stahli
|steel
|-
|тита́н
|tih tа́hn
|titanium
|-
|хром
|khrohm
|chrome, chromium
|-
|чугу́н
|chu guhn
|cast (crude) iron
|-
|цинк
|tsynk
|zinc
|}

Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Materials

2023-04-10T10:24:12Z

About Blank: Created page with "== Materials =="

== Materials ==